resfriar

Portuguese

Etymology

From re- (“re-”) +‎ esfriar (“to cool”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁes.fɾiˈa(ʁ)/ [hes.fɾɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁesˈfɾja(ʁ)/ [hesˈfɾja(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁes.fɾiˈa(ʁ)/ [hes.fɾɪˈa(h)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁesˈfɾja(ʁ)/ [hesˈfɾja(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ʁes.fɾiˈa(ɾ)/ [hes.fɾɪˈa(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁesˈfɾja(ɾ)/ [hesˈfɾja(ɾ)]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ʁeʃ.fɾiˈa(ʁ)/ [χeʃ.fɾɪˈa(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁeʃˈfɾja(ʁ)/ [χeʃˈfɾja(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁes.fɾiˈa(ɻ)/ [hes.fɾɪˈa(ɻ)], (faster pronunciation) /ʁesˈfɾja(ɻ)/ [hesˈfɾja(ɻ)]

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨʃ.fɾiˈaɾ/, (faster pronunciation) /ʁɨʃˈfɾjaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨʃ.fɾiˈaɾ/, (faster pronunciation) /ʁɨʃˈfɾjaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɨʃ.fɾiˈa.ɾi/, (faster pronunciation) /ʁɨʃˈfɾja.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: res‧fri‧ar

Verb

resfriar (first-person singular present resfrio, first-person singular preterite resfriei, past participle resfriado)

1. (transitive) to cool (to make colder)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of resfriar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	resfriar
Personal	resfriar	resfriares	resfriar	resfriarmos	resfriardes	resfriarem
Gerund
	resfriando
Past participle
Masculine	resfriado			resfriados
Feminine	resfriada			resfriadas
Indicative
Present	resfrio	resfrias	resfria	resfriamos	resfriais	resfriam
Imperfect	resfriava	resfriavas	resfriava	resfriávamos	resfriáveis	resfriavam
Preterite	resfriei	resfriaste	resfriou	resfriamos1, resfriámos2	resfriastes	resfriaram
Pluperfect	resfriara	resfriaras	resfriara	resfriáramos	resfriáreis	resfriaram
Future	resfriarei	resfriarás	resfriará	resfriaremos	resfriareis	resfriarão
Conditional	resfriaria	resfriarias	resfriaria	resfriaríamos	resfriaríeis	resfriariam
Subjunctive
Present	resfrie	resfries	resfrie	resfriemos	resfrieis	resfriem
Imperfect	resfriasse	resfriasses	resfriasse	resfriássemos	resfriásseis	resfriassem
Future	resfriar	resfriares	resfriar	resfriarmos	resfriardes	resfriarem
Imperative
Affirmative		resfria	resfrie	resfriemos	resfriai	resfriem
Negative (não)		não resfries	não resfrie	não resfriemos	não resfrieis	não resfriem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Related terms

• resfriado

Spanish

Etymology

From re- +‎ esfriar.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /resˈfɾjaɾ/ [resˈfɾjaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: res‧friar

Verb

resfriar (first-person singular present resfrío, first-person singular preterite resfrié, past participle resfriado)

1. to cool, chill, grow cold
2. (reflexive) to catch a cold

Conjugation

    Conjugation of resfriar (i-í alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			resfriar
gerund			resfriando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		resfriado		resfriada
		plural		resfriados		resfriadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	resfrío	resfríastú resfriásvos	resfría	resfriamos	resfriáis	resfrían
	imperfect	resfriaba	resfriabas	resfriaba	resfriábamos	resfriabais	resfriaban
	preterite	resfrié	resfriaste	resfrió	resfriamos	resfriasteis	resfriaron
	future	resfriaré	resfriarás	resfriará	resfriaremos	resfriaréis	resfriarán
	conditional	resfriaría	resfriarías	resfriaría	resfriaríamos	resfriaríais	resfriarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	resfríe	resfríestú resfriésvos2	resfríe	resfriemos	resfriéis	resfríen
	imperfect (ra)	resfriara	resfriaras	resfriara	resfriáramos	resfriarais	resfriaran
	imperfect (se)	resfriase	resfriases	resfriase	resfriásemos	resfriaseis	resfriasen
	future1	resfriare	resfriares	resfriare	resfriáremos	resfriareis	resfriaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		resfríatú resfriávos	resfríe	resfriemos	resfriad	resfríen
	negative		no resfríes	no resfríe	no resfriemos	no resfriéis	no resfríen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of resfriar (i-í alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive resfriar
	dative	resfriarme	resfriarte	resfriarle, resfriarse	resfriarnos	resfriaros	resfriarles, resfriarse
	accusative	resfriarme	resfriarte	resfriarlo, resfriarla, resfriarse	resfriarnos	resfriaros	resfriarlos, resfriarlas, resfriarse
with gerund resfriando
	dative	resfriándome	resfriándote	resfriándole, resfriándose	resfriándonos	resfriándoos	resfriándoles, resfriándose
	accusative	resfriándome	resfriándote	resfriándolo, resfriándola, resfriándose	resfriándonos	resfriándoos	resfriándolos, resfriándolas, resfriándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative resfría
	dative	resfríame	resfríate	resfríale	resfríanos	not used	resfríales
	accusative	resfríame	resfríate	resfríalo, resfríala	resfríanos	not used	resfríalos, resfríalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative resfriá
	dative	resfriame	resfriate	resfriale	resfrianos	not used	resfriales
	accusative	resfriame	resfriate	resfrialo, resfriala	resfrianos	not used	resfrialos, resfrialas
with formal second-person singular imperative resfríe
	dative	resfríeme	not used	resfríele, resfríese	resfríenos	not used	resfríeles
	accusative	resfríeme	not used	resfríelo, resfríela, resfríese	resfríenos	not used	resfríelos, resfríelas
with first-person plural imperative resfriemos
	dative	not used	resfriémoste	resfriémosle	resfriémonos	resfriémoos	resfriémosles
	accusative	not used	resfriémoste	resfriémoslo, resfriémosla	resfriémonos	resfriémoos	resfriémoslos, resfriémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative resfriad
	dative	resfriadme	not used	resfriadle	resfriadnos	resfriaos	resfriadles
	accusative	resfriadme	not used	resfriadlo, resfriadla	resfriadnos	resfriaos	resfriadlos, resfriadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative resfríen
	dative	resfríenme	not used	resfríenle	resfríennos	not used	resfríenles, resfríense
	accusative	resfríenme	not used	resfríenlo, resfríenla	resfríennos	not used	resfríenlos, resfríenlas, resfríense

Related terms

• frío

 

Further reading

• “resfriar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), 23rd edition, Royal Spanish Academy, 2014 October 16