und

English

Alternative forms

• vnd (alternative typography) [16^th C.]

Etymology

From Middle English unde (“a wave”), from either the Old French unde or Latin unda (“wave”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʌnd/
• Rhymes: -ʌnd

Noun

und (plural unds)

1. (obsolete, rare) A wave.
2. (heraldry) A billow- or wave-like marking.

Related terms

• oundy
• undade
• undated
• undée
• undulate
• undulating
• undy

 

References

• OED (2nd ed., 1989), “†und”

Anagrams

• DNU, dun

---

German

Alternative forms

• unt, vnd, vnnd, unnd (all obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle High German unde, from Old High German unti, from Proto-Germanic *andi, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti. Compare Dutch en, English and, Danish end.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʊnt/
• IPA^(key): /ʊn/

• audio:

  (file)

Conjunction

und

1. (co-ordinating) and

   Kaffee und Kuchen

   coffee and cake

   Ich kam, sah und siegte.

   I came, saw, and conquered.

   • 1904, Rudolf Eisler, Wörterbuch der philosophischen Begriffe, Berlin, volume 1, sub verbo Ich, page 446-457:

     "Das »Ich = Ich« ist die ursprünglichste Erkenntnis, die Urquelle alles Denkens [..], es bedeutet »erstens die rein logische Identität von Subject und Object im Acte des reinen Selbstbewußtseins, zweitens die reale metaphysische Identität des setzenden absoluten Ich und des gesetzten begrenzten Ich, und drittens die zeitliche Identität des Ich in zwei rasch aufeinander folgenden Zeitpunkten« [...]."

2. (colloquial) links two nouns, often a person and an activity, in rhetoric questions to express an opposition between them

   Er und Abwaschen? Vielleicht einmal im Jahr!

   Him doing the dishes? Maybe once per year!

Usage notes

As seen in the second example, commas are never used before und in enumerations, even where English punctuation requires this. However, commas are used before und in certain complex sentence constructions.

Interjection

und

1. so?, now?

   Und? Wie ist es gelaufen?

   So? How did it go?

Further reading

• “und” in Duden online

---

Gothic

Romanization

und

1. Romanization of 𐌿𐌽𐌳

---

Hungarian

Alternative forms

• unjad

Etymology

un +‎ -d

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈund]
• Hyphenation: und

Verb

und

1. second-person singular subjunctive present definite of un

---

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʏnt/

  Rhymes: -ʏnt

Etymology 1

From Old Norse und, from Proto-Germanic *wundō.

Noun

und f (genitive singular undar, nominative plural undir)

1. (poetic) wound

Declension

declension of und

f-s2	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	und	undin	undir	undirnar
accusative	und	undina	undir	undirnar
dative	und	undinni	undum	undunum
genitive	undar	undarinnar	unda	undanna

Synonyms

• (wound): sár

Etymology 2

Apocopated form of undir.

Preposition

und

1. (poetic) under

---

Old Norse

Preposition

und

1. under

Derived terms

• unz

References

• “und”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

---

Old Saxon

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /und/

Preposition

und (with accusative)

1. until

Conjunction

und

1. until