木: difference between revisions

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* [[朿]] <!-- Derived from similar shape. --> [[耒]] <!-- a 木 plus three cross strokes, but considered different radical -->
* [[朿]] <!-- Derived from similar shape. --> [[耒]] <!-- a 木 plus three cross strokes, but considered different radical -->


====See also====
===See also===
* [[禾]] [[穼]] [[罙]]
* [[禾]] [[穼]] [[罙]]


====References====
===References===
* {{Han ref|kx=0509.010|dkj=14415|dj=0888.130|hdz=21149.060|uh=6728|ud=26408|bh=A4EC|bd=42220}}
* {{Han ref|kx=0509.010|dkj=14415|dj=0888.130|hdz=21149.060|uh=6728|ud=26408|bh=A4EC|bd=42220}}


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# {{defn|lang=hak|sort=木00}}
# {{defn|lang=hak|sort=木00}}


====References====
===References===
*[http://www.chinalanguage.com/dictionaries/?mode=view&view=chardict&query=%E6%9C%A8 CCDICT (Chineselanguage.org)]
*[http://www.chinalanguage.com/dictionaries/?mode=view&view=chardict&query=%E6%9C%A8 CCDICT (Chineselanguage.org)]
*[http://minhakka.ling.sinica.edu.tw/bkg/hakyin/search.php?DETAIL=1&LIMIT=id=25360&dbname=su_tian_1&graph=2 Academia Sinica - Hakka-English Dictionary]
*[http://minhakka.ling.sinica.edu.tw/bkg/hakyin/search.php?DETAIL=1&LIMIT=id=25360&dbname=su_tian_1&graph=2 Academia Sinica - Hakka-English Dictionary]
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{{ja-kanji|grade=1|rs=木00}}
{{ja-kanji|grade=1|rs=木00}}


=====Readings=====
====Readings====
* {{ja-readings
* {{ja-readings
|goon=[[もく]] (moku)
|goon=[[もく]] (moku)
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===Etymology 1===
===Etymology 1===
{{IPAchar|/ki<sub>2</sub>/}}: {{IPAchar|[kɨ]}} > {{IPAchar|[ki]}}
{{IPAchar|/ki<sub>2</sub>/}}: {{IPAchar|[kɨ]}}, from {{IPAchar|[ki]}}


From {{etyl|ojp|ja|sort=き}}. Likely developed from fusion of older form ''ko'' + {{term|lang=ja|い|tr=i|pos=emphatic nominative particle}}, similar to the sound changes at work in {{ja-l|神}} in the shift from ''kamu'' to ''kami''.
From {{etyl|ojp|ja|sort=き}}. Likely developed from fusion of older form ''ko'' + {{term|lang=ja|い|tr=i|pos=emphatic nominative particle}}, similar to the sound changes at work in {{ja-l|神}} in the shift from ''kamu'' to ''kami''.


Now the modern {{etyl|ja|-}} word.
Now the modern {{etyl|ja|-}} word.
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# {{context|lang=ja|sort=き|graph theory|computer science}} a [[tree]] (data structure)
# {{context|lang=ja|sort=き|graph theory|computer science}} a [[tree]] (data structure)


=====Idioms=====
=====Derived terms=====
* {{ja-l|猿も木から落ちる|さるもきからおちる|saru mo ki kara ochiru}}: “even monkeys fall from trees” → even the experts make mistakes
* {{ja-l|猿も木から落ちる|さるもきからおちる|saru mo ki kara ochiru}}: “even monkeys fall from trees”, i.e. even experts make mistakes


===Etymology 2===
===Etymology 2===
{{etyl|ojp|ja|sort=け}}. Possibly an intermediate form. Obsolete in modern {{etyl|ja|-}}, and never found in isolation; remains in certain place names. Even in ancient times, its use was apparently limited to eastern dialects.<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref>
{{etyl|ojp|ja|sort=け}}. Possibly an intermediate form. Obsolete in modern {{etyl|ja|-}}, and never found in isolation; remains in certain place names. Even in ancient times, its use was apparently limited to eastern dialects.<ref name="KDJ">{{R:Kokugo Dai Jiten}}</ref>


====Pronunciation====
====Pronunciation====
Line 103: Line 103:


===Etymology 3===
===Etymology 3===
{{IPAchar|/ko<sub>2</sub>/}}: {{IPAchar|[kə]}} > {{IPAchar|[ko̞]}}
{{IPAchar|/ko<sub>2</sub>/}}: {{IPAchar|[kə]}}, from {{IPAchar|[ko̞]}}


{{etyl|ojp|ja|sort=こ}}. Likely the original form. Obsolete in modern {{etyl|ja|-}}, and never found in isolation; only found in compounds and certain idioms.
{{etyl|ojp|ja|sort=こ}}. Likely the original form. Obsolete in modern {{etyl|ja|-}}, and never found in isolation; only found in compounds and certain idioms.


====Pronunciation====
====Pronunciation====
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===Etymology 4===
===Etymology 4===
From {{etyl|ltc|ja|sort=もく}} {{term|lang=ltc|木|tr=muwk}}. The [[呉音#Japanese|''goon'']] reading, so likely the original borrowing. Compare modern {{etyl|yue|-}} {{term|lang=yue|木|tr=muk⁶}}.
From {{etyl|ltc|ja|sort=もく}} {{term|lang=ltc|木|tr=muwk}}. The [[呉音#Japanese|''goon'']] reading, so likely the original borrowing. Compare modern {{etyl|yue|-}} {{term|lang=yue|木|tr=muk⁶}}.


====Pronunciation====
====Pronunciation====
Line 147: Line 147:


===Etymology 5===
===Etymology 5===
From {{etyl|ltc|ja|sort=ほく'}} {{term|lang=ltc|木|tr=}}. The [[漢音#Japanese|''kan'on'']] reading, so likely a later borrowing. Compare literary {{etyl|nan|-}} {{term|lang=nan|木|tr=bo̍k}}.
From {{etyl|ltc|ja|sort=ほく'}} {{term|lang=ltc|木|tr=}}. The [[漢音#Japanese|''kan'on'']] reading, so likely a later borrowing. Compare literary {{etyl|nan|-}} {{term|lang=nan|木|tr=bo̍k}}.


====Pronunciation====
====Pronunciation====
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# [[wood]]
# [[wood]]


===Adjectives===
===Adjective===
{{cmn-adj|ts|pin=mù|pint=mu4|rs=木00}}
{{cmn-adj|ts|pin=mù|pint=mu4|rs=木00}}


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* {{cite web
* {{cite web
| url = http://www.mdbg.net/chindict/chindict.php?page=worddict&wdrst=0&wdqb=木
| url = http://www.mdbg.net/chindict/chindict.php?page=worddict&wdrst=0&wdqb=木
| title = 木
| title=木
| work = MDBG English to Chinese dictionary ( Based on CC-CEDICT )
| work = MDBG English to Chinese dictionary ( Based on CC-CEDICT )
| language = Mandarin/English
| language = Mandarin/English
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# {{defn|lang=nan|sort=木00}}
# {{defn|lang=nan|sort=木00}}


====References====
===References===
*[http://twblg.dict.edu.tw/holodict_new/result_detail.jsp?n_no=814&curpage=1&sample=%E6%9C%A8&radiobutton=1&querytarget=1&limit=20&pagenum=2&rowcount=33 Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)]
*[http://twblg.dict.edu.tw/holodict_new/result_detail.jsp?n_no=814&curpage=1&sample=%E6%9C%A8&radiobutton=1&querytarget=1&limit=20&pagenum=2&rowcount=33 Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)]


Revision as of 03:14, 3 March 2014

See also: ホ and 禾

Translingual

Stroke order

Etymology

Pictogram (象形) – a tree: branches on top, roots on the bottom (more visible in earlier forms).


Historical forms of the character 木
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (木) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
木 *moːɡ
沐 *moːɡ
朷 *taːw, *moːɡ
蚞 *moːɡ
霂 *moːɡ

Han character

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  1. tree
  2. wood, lumber
  3. wooden

Derived characters

Related characters

See also

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 509, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14415
  • Dae Jaweon: page 888, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1149, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+6728

Cantonese

Hanzi

木 (Jyutping muk6, Yale muk6)

  1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Hakka

Hanzi

Template:hak-hanzi

  1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Japanese

Kanji

木

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Etymology 1

/ki2/ invalid IPA characters (2): [kɨ], from [ki]

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Japanese. Likely developed from fusion of older form ko + (deprecated template usage) い (i, emphatic nominative particle), similar to the sound changes at work in 神 in the shift from kamu to kami.

Now the modern (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Japanese word.

Pronunciation

Noun

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  1. a tree; a shrub
  2. wood, timber, lumber
  3. (deprecated template usage) (graph theory, computer science) a tree (data structure)
Derived terms
  • 猿も木から落ちる (さるもきからおちる, ​saru mo ki kara ochiru): “even monkeys fall from trees”, i.e. even experts make mistakes

Etymology 2

(deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Japanese. Possibly an intermediate form. Obsolete in modern (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Japanese, and never found in isolation; remains in certain place names. Even in ancient times, its use was apparently limited to eastern dialects.[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

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  1. a tree
    Lua error in Module:usex/templates at line 86: Parameter "lang" is not used by this template.

Etymology 3

/ko2/ invalid IPA characters (2): [kə], from [ko̞]

(deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Japanese. Likely the original form. Obsolete in modern (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Japanese, and never found in isolation; only found in compounds and certain idioms.

Pronunciation

Noun

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  1. a tree
Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 4

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Chinese (deprecated template usage) 木 (muwk). The goon reading, so likely the original borrowing. Compare modern (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Cantonese (deprecated template usage) 木 (muk⁶).

Pronunciation

Noun

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  1. a tree
  2. short for 木曜日 (​Mokuyōbi): Thursday
    When written in romaji, often capitalized as ​Moku.
  3. wood grain
    Often written 杢.
Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 5

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Chinese (deprecated template usage) 木. The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. Compare literary (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Min Nan (deprecated template usage) 木 (bo̍k).

Pronunciation

Adjective

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  1. (deprecated template usage) (derogatory) wooden, as of a person's character or behavior
  2. (deprecated template usage) (derogatory) wooden, as of a person's mental abilities: blockheaded, stupid, dimwitted

Noun

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  1. a tree; more specifically, a living tree
  2. the bent and gnarled trunk or roots of an old tree
  3. wood, lumber
  4. something made of wood
  5. in ancient China, a wooden musical instrument
Derived terms
Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^
    c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 20, poem 4375:
    ; text here

Korean

Hanja

木 • (mok)

  • Eumhun:
    • Sound (hangeul): 목 (revised: mok, McCune–Reischauer: mok, Yale: mok)
    • Name (hangeul): 나무Lua error in Module:debug at line 160: Please migrate to the syntax described at Template:ko-hanja/new
      (revised: namu, McCune–Reischauer: namu, Yale: namu)
  1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
  1. (나무 목, namu-): wood
  2. (as an abbreviation) Thursday

Mandarin

Hanzi

木 (Pinyin mù (mu4), shù (shu4), Wade-Giles mu4, shu4)

  1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Noun

Template:cmn-noun

  1. tree
  2. wood

Adjective

Template:cmn-adj

  1. wooden
  2. simple, plain
  3. numb

Compounds

References

Middle Chinese

Han character

木 (*muk)

  1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Min Nan

Hanzi

Template:nan-hanzi

  1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 木 (mộc, móc, mọc, mốc, mục)

  1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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