arbor

English

Pronunciation

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑː(r)bə(r)

Etymology 1

Middle English arbour, from Old French erbier (“field, meadow, kitchen garden”), from erbe (“grass, herb”), from Latin herba (“grass, herb”) (English herb). The phonetic change to ar- was influenced by Latin arbor (“tree”).

Alternative forms

• arbour (chiefly UK)

Noun

arbor (plural arbors or arbores)

1. A shady sitting place, usually in a park or garden, and usually surrounded by climbing shrubs or vines and other vegetation.
2. A grove of trees.

Related terms

• arboreal
• arborescent
• arboreous
• arbor vitae
• herb

Translations

a shady place for sitting

• Esperanto: laŭbo (eo)
• Finnish: vilpola (fi)

• Russian: беседка (ru) (besédka) f
• Spanish: cenado (es) m, pérgola (es) f

a grove of trees

• Esperanto: laŭbo (eo)

• Russian: роща (ru) (róšča) f

Etymology 2

From French arbre (“tree, axis”), spelling influenced by Latin arbor (“tree”)

Noun

arbor (plural arbors or arbores)

1. An axis or shaft supporting a rotating part on a lathe.
2. A bar for supporting cutting tools.
3. A spindle of a wheel.

Translations

axis or shaft on a lathe

• Russian: шпиндель (ru) (špíndelʹ) m

bar for supporting cutting tools

• Russian: оправка (ru) (oprávka) f

spindle of a wheel

• Russian: ось (ru) (osʹ) f

Anagrams

• borra

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Latin

arbor (a tree)

Alternative forms

• arbōs

Etymology

By rhotacism from Old Latin arbōs, arbōsis, cognate with arduus (“high”): the meaning is "high plant"; the Indo-European /dh/ was shifted to /b/. From the Proto-Indo-European *er(ə)dʰ- (“high, to grow”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA: /ˈar.bor/

• Audio (Classical)

  (file)

Noun

arbor (genitive arboris); f, third declension

1. a tree
   • 29-19 BC — Virgil, Aeneis, book X

     Interea genitor Tiberini ad fluminis undam / uulnera siccabat lymphis corpusque leuabat / arboris acclinis trunco

     Meantime, his father at Tiber's flowing stream bathed his wounds in the clear water and his body leant against the trunk of a tree.

2. mast (of a ship)
3. javelin, shaft of a javelin
4. a gallows
5. vocative singular of arbor

Inflection

Number	Singular	Plural
nominative	arbor	arborēs
genitive	arboris	arborum
dative	arborī	arboribus
accusative	arborem	arborēs
ablative	arbore	arboribus
vocative	arbor	arborēs

Synonyms

• (mast of a ship): mālus
• (javelin): iaculum, pīlum

Derived terms

arborārius arborātor arborēscō

arborētum arboreus / arborius arbuscula

Related terms

arbuscula arbustīvus arbustō

arbustum arbustus arbutus

Descendants

Aromanian: arbure Campidanese Sardinian: àrburi Catalan: arbre Dalmatian: juarbol Esperanto: arbo French: arbre Friulian: arbul Galician: árbore Ido: arboro Interlingua: arbore Istriot: àrbaro

Italian: albero Logudorese Sardinian: àrbure, àrvure Novial: arbre Occitan: arbre Portuguese: árvore Romanian: arbore Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: ја̑рбол Roman: jȃrbol Sicilian: àrbulu Spanish: árbol

See also

• pōmus
• silva

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Old Spanish

Alternative forms

• arbol

Etymology

From Latin arbor, from Old Latin arbōs, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *er(ə)dʰ- (“high, to grow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA: [ˈar.βor]

Noun

arbor m (plural arbores)

1. tree
   • c1200: Almeric, Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 1v. b.

     ally delát ebró. es mót mãbre. e ouo y grát arbor. e fue enzina. ala rayz daq́l arbor estaua abraã.

     There, past Hebron, is the hill Mamre, where there was a great oak tree. Abraham was [sitting] on the root of that tree.

   • Idem, f. 42v. b.

     e crebantaredes todas cibdades en caſtelladas entodos los arbores fermoſos todas las fontanas del agua cerraredes. entodas las buenas seńas abatredes […]

     And you shall defeat all cities and fortified towns, and fell all the good trees, and seal all the springs of water and ruin all the good pieces of land.

Descendants

• Ladino: arvol (Latin spelling)
• Spanish: árbol

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Romanian

Noun

arbor m (plural arbori)

1. Alternative form of arbore.