iron
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Contents |
English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle English iren, a rhotacism of Old English īsern, īsærn, īren, īsen, from Proto-Germanic *īsarną (compare Dutch ijzer, West Frisian izer, German Eisen, Danish jern), from Gaulish īsarno-, from Proto-Celtic *īsarno- (compare Welsh haearn, Irish iarann), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésh₂r̥ (“blood”) (compare Hittite 𒌍𒄩𒅈 (ešḫar), Tocharian A ysār, Latvian asinis, Ancient Greek ἔαρ (ear), Old Armenian արիւն (ariwn), Sanskrit असृज् (asṛj)).[1][2] The sense development runs from 'blood' to 'blood red' to 'ruddy metal'.
Pronunciation[edit]
| Chemical element | |
|---|---|
| Fe | Previous: manganese (Mn) |
| Next: cobalt (Co) | |
Metathesized or syncopated from original IPA: /ˈaɪɹən/.
- (UK, RP) IPA: /ˈaɪən/, X-SAMPA: /"aI@n/
- (US) IPA: /ˈaɪɚn/, X-SAMPA: /"aI@`n/
-
Audio (US) (file) - Rhymes: -aɪə(ɹ)n
Noun[edit]
iron (countable and uncountable; plural irons)
- (uncountable) A common, inexpensive metal, often black in color, that rusts, is attracted by magnets, and is used in making steel.
- 2013 May-June, Kevin Heng, “Why Does Nature Form Exoplanets Easily?”, American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 184:
- In the past two years, NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope has located nearly 3,000 exoplanet candidates ranging from sub-Earth-sized minions to gas giants that dwarf our own Jupiter. Their densities range from that of styrofoam to iron.
- 2013 May-June, Kevin Heng, “Why Does Nature Form Exoplanets Easily?”, American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 184:
- (uncountable, physics, chemistry, metallurgy) A metallic chemical element having atomic number 26, and symbol Fe.
- (uncountable, countable, metallurgy) Any material, not a steel, predominantly made of elemental iron.
- wrought iron, ductile iron, cast iron, pig iron, gray iron
- (countable) A tool or appliance made of metal, which is heated and then used to transfer heat to something else; most often a thick piece of metal fitted with a handle and having a flat, roughly triangular bottom, which is heated and used to press wrinkles from clothing, and now usually containing an electrical heating apparatus.
- (usually plural, irons) Shackles.
- (slang) A handgun.
- (uncountable) A dark shade of the colour/color silver.
- (Cockney rhyming slang, shortened from iron hoof, rhyming with poof; countable, offensive) A male homosexual.
- (golf) A golf club used for middle-distance shots.
- (uncountable) Great strength or power.
Quotations[edit]
- For usage examples of this term, see the citations page.
Synonyms[edit]
- (metallic chemical element): ferrum
- (tool for pressing clothing): flatiron (old-fashioned), smoothing iron (old-fashioned)
- (shackles): shackles
- (homosexual): poof, queer
- (strength or power): energy, force
Hypernyms[edit]
- (metallic chemical element): chemical element, metal; atom
- (tool for pressing clothing): tool, mechanical device
- (shackles): restraint
- (handgun): weapon
- (dark shade of silver): colour, color; shade; silver
- (strength or power): force, might, energy
Hyponyms[edit]
- (shackles): leg irons
- (golf club): driving iron, long iron, short iron, 1-iron, 2-iron, 3-iron, 4-iron, 5-iron, 6-iron, 7-iron, 8-iron, 9-iron,
- (strength or power): ironman
Meronyms[edit]
Holonyms[edit]
- (metallic chemical element): molecule (sometimes)
Coordinate terms[edit]
- (tool for pressing clothing): mangle
Derived terms[edit]
terms derived from noun "iron"
Related terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
element
|
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for pressing clothes
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|
shackles — see shackles
- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked
See also[edit]
See also
References[edit]
- ^ Donald A. Ringe, From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (Oxford: Oxford, 2006), 296.
- ^ J.P. Mallory and Donald Q. Adams, Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, s.v. "blood" (London: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1999).
Adjective[edit]
iron (comparative more iron, superlative most iron)
- (not comparable) Made of the metal iron.
- (figuratively) Strong (as of will), inflexible.
- She had an iron will.
- He held on with an iron grip.
- an iron constitution
Synonyms[edit]
- (strong of will, inflexible): adamant, adamantine, brassbound
Hypernyms[edit]
Hyponyms[edit]
- (made of the metal iron): wrought-iron
See also[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
terms derived from adjective "iron"
Translations[edit]
made of iron
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strong, inflexible
Verb[edit]
iron (third-person singular simple present irons, present participle ironing, simple past and past participle ironed)
- (transitive) To pass an iron over (clothing or some other item made of cloth) in order to remove creases.
- (transitive, archaic) To shackle with irons; to fetter or handcuff.
- Sir Walter Scott
- Ironed like a malefactor.
- Sir Walter Scott
- (transitive) To furnish or arm with iron.
- to iron a wagon
Synonyms[edit]
- (to pass an iron over): press
Coordinate terms[edit]
- (to pass an iron over): mangle
Descendants[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
to pass an iron over clothing
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|
to shackle with irons
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to furnish or arm with iron
|
Anagrams[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Romanization[edit]
iron
- See いろん
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