кой

See also: кои, кој, and қой

Adyghe

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kʷaj]

Noun

кой • (koj)

1. village

Synonyms

• (village): къуажэ (q°āžă) (Kabardian)
• (village): къуаджэ (q°āǯ̍ă) (Adyghe)

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Bulgarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kɔj]

Pronoun

кой • (koj) m (interrogative)

1. who, which (one) (used to ask about the identity of one or more people or things)

   Кой го напра́ви? ― Koj go naprávi? ― Who did it?

   Коя́ е та́зи жена́? ― Kojá e tázi žená? ― Who is that woman?

   Кого́ питаш? ― Kogó pitaš? ― Who are you asking?

   С кого́ разговарям? ― S kogó razgovarjam? ― Who am I talking to?

   Кои́ от пациентите се възстановиха? ― Koí ot pacientite se vǎzstanoviha? ― Which of the patients have recovered?

   Кое́ искаш? ― Koé iskaš? ― Which one do you want?

   Кому́ да благодаря́? (archaic) ― Komú da blagodarjá? ― Who should I thank?

2. (as a conjunction) who, which, what (used to introduce an indirect question)

   Не зная кой ще дойде. ― Ne znaja koj šte dojde. ― I don't know who will come.

   Чудя се от кого́ беше писмото. ― Čudja se ot kogó beše pismoto. ― I wonder who the letter was from.

   Решението, кого́ да поканим, беше трудно. ― Rešenieto, kogó da pokanim, beše trudno. ― The decision who to invite was a difficult one.

   Изтръпвам при мисълта, кой би могъл да направи подобно нещо. ― Iztrǎpvam pri misǎlta, koj bi mogǎl da napravi podobno nešto. ― I shudder at the thought who could do such a thing.

Declension

Declension of кой (as a pronoun)

	masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
nominative	кой koj	коя́ kojá	кое́ koé	кои́ koí
accusative	кого́ kogó
dative	кому́1 komú1

¹Archaic.

Usage notes

The accusative, dative and prepositional forms are used only when кой is a pronoun standing on its own (not a determiner standing in front of a noun) and refers to a person. The dative form is dated and is replaced by на (na) + the prepositional form (На кого́ да благодаря́). In informal Bulgarian the nominative form is often used instead of the accusative and prepositional ones (Кой питаш, с кой разговарям). This usage is not considered standard.

Determiner

кой • (koj) m (interrogative)

1. which, what (used to ask about the identity of one or more people or things)

   Кой чове́к би напра́вил подо́бно не́що? ― Koj čovék bi naprávil podóbno néšto? ― What person would do such a thing?

   Коя́ жена́ би се омъжила за него? ― Kojá žená bi se omǎžila za nego? ― What woman would marry him?

   Кое́ яйце е по-тежко? ― Koé jajce e po-težko? ― Which egg is heavier?

   На кой стол седеше? ― Na koj stol sedeše? ― Which chair was she sitting on?

2. (as a conjunction) who, which, what (used to introduce an indirect question)

   Не можеха да решат коя́ песен да пуснат. ― Ne možeha da rešat kojá pesen da pusnat. ― They couldn't decide which song to play.

   Попитах ги през кои́ градове са минали. ― Popitah gi prez koí gradove sa minali. ― I asked them what towns they went through.

Declension

Declension of кой (as a determiner)

masculine	feminine	neuter	plural
кой koj	коя́ kojá	кое́ koé	кои́ koí

Related terms

Bulgarian interrogative pronouns

		Personal	Qualitative	Possessive	Quantitative
Masculine	Nominative	кой (koj)	какъ́в (kakǎ́v) ко́лкав (kólkav)	чий (čij)	ко́лко (kólko) колци́на (kolcína)
	Accusative	кого́ (kogó)
	Dative	кому́ (komú)
	Prepositional	с кого́ (s kogó)
Feminine	—	коя́ (kojá)	каква́ (kakvá) ко́лкава (kólkava)	чия́ (čijá)
Neuter	—	кое́ (koé) какво́ (kakvó) що (što)	какво́ (kakvó) ко́лкаво (kólkavo)	чие́ (čié)
Plural	—	кои́ (koí)	какви́ (kakví) ко́лкави (kólkavi)	чии́ (čií)

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Erzya

Etymology 1

First coined in sense of body of administrative rules by bishop Damaskin in 1785.

Noun

кой • (koj)

1. law
2. tradition, custom

Particle

кой • (koj)

1. As part of compound particles:

   кой-зярдо, кой-косо

   koj-zärdo, koj-koso

   sometimes, somewhere

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Kyrgyz

Noun

кой • (koy)

1. sheep

Declension

declension of кой

	singular (жекелик)	plural (көптөгөн)
nominative (атооч)	кой (koy)	койлор (koylor)
genitive (илик)	койдун (koydun)	койлордун (koylordun)
dative (барыш)	койго (koygo)	койлорго (koylorgo)
accusative (жатыш)	койду (koydu)	койлорду (koylordu)
locative (жатыш)	койдо (koydo)	койлордо (koylordo)
ablative (чыгыш)	койдон (koydon)	койлордон (koylordon)

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Russian

Etymology

From Old East Slavic кꙑи (kyi), from Proto-Slavic *kъjь (“who, what, which”), from *kъ (“who”) + *-jь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kas (“who”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos (“who”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [koj]

• Audio

  (file)

Determiner

кой • (koj)

1. (antiquated, literary) how, which, who, what

   в ко́и-то ве́ки ― v kói-to véki ― once in a very long time

   до ко́их пор? ― do kóix por? ― how long?

   из ко́их ― iz kóix ― of which; of whom

   на кой чёрт? ― na koj čórt? ― what the hell for?

   ни в ко́ей ме́ре ― ni v kójej mére ― not in the least

   ни в ко́ем ра́зе ― ni v kójem ráze ― not on your nelly

   ни в ко́ем слу́чае ― ni v kójem slúčaje ― on no account; by no means

   ни ко́им о́бразом ― ni kóim óbrazom ― there is no way

Usage notes

Now only found in a few set phrases and expressions.

Declension

Declension of кой

		masculine	neuter	feminine	plural
nominative		кой koj	ко́е kóje	ко́я kója	ко́и kói
genitive		ко́его kójevo		ко́ей kójej	ко́их kóix
dative		ко́ему kójemu		ко́ей kójej	ко́им kóim
accusative	animate	ко́его kójevo	ко́е kóje	ко́ю kóju	ко́их kóix
	inanimate	кой koj			ко́и kói
instrumental		ко́им kóim		ко́ей, ко́ею kójej, kójeju	ко́ими kóimi
prepositional		ко́ем kójem		ко́ей kójej	ко́их kóix

Pre-reform declension of кой

		masculine	neuter	feminine	plural
nominative		кой koj	ко́е kóje	ко́я kója	ко́и kói
genitive		ко́его kójevo		ко́ей kójej	ко́ихъ kóix
dative		ко́ему kójemu		ко́ей kójej	ко́имъ kóim
accusative	animate	ко́его kójevo	ко́е kóje	ко́ю kóju	ко́ихъ kóix
	inanimate	кой koj			ко́и kói
instrumental		ко́имъ kóim		ко́ей, ко́ею kójej, kójeju	ко́ими kóimi
prepositional		ко́емъ kójem		ко́ей kójej	ко́ихъ kóix

Synonyms

• како́й (kakój), кото́рый (kotóryj)

Antonyms

• никой (nikoj)

Derived terms

• кое- (koje-)

Related terms

► Russian terms derived from the PIE root *kʷe-‎ (0 c, 11 e)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кой”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Oleg Trubačóv, Moscow: Progress