кой

See also: кои, кој, and қой

Adyghe

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kʷaj]

Noun

кой • (kʷoj)

1. village

Synonyms

• (village): къуажэ (qʷažɛ) (Kabardian)
• (village): къуаджэ (qʷadžɛ) (Adyghe)

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Old Slavonic кꙑи.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kɔj]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔj

Pronoun

кой • (koj) m (interrogative)

1. who, which (one) (used to ask about the identity of one or more people or things)

   Кой го напра́ви?

   Koj go naprávi?

   Who did it?

   Коя́ е та́зи жена́?

   Kojá e tázi žená?

   Who is that woman?

   Кого́ питаш?

   Kogó pitaš?

   Who are you asking?

   С кого́ разговарям?

   S kogó razgovarjam?

   Who am I talking to?

   Кои́ от пациентите се възстановиха?

   Koí ot pacientite se vǎzstanoviha?

   Which of the patients have recovered?

   Кое́ искаш?

   Koé iskaš?

   Which one do you want?

   Кому́ да благодаря́? (archaic)

   Komú da blagodarjá?

   Who should I thank?

2. (as a conjunction) who, which, what (used to introduce an indirect question)

   Не зная кой ще дойде.

   Ne znaja koj šte dojde.

   I don't know who will come.

   Чудя се от кого́ беше писмото.

   Čudja se ot kogó beše pismoto.

   I wonder who the letter was from.

   Решението, кого́ да поканим, беше трудно.

   Rešenieto, kogó da pokanim, beše trudno.

   The decision who to invite was a difficult one.

   Изтръпвам при мисълта, кой би могъл да направи подобно нещо.

   Iztrǎpvam pri misǎlta, koj bi mogǎl da napravi podobno nešto.

   I shudder at the thought who could do such a thing.

Usage notes

The accusative, dative and prepositional forms are used only when кой (koj) is a pronoun standing on its own (not a determiner standing in front of a noun) and refers to a person. The dative form is dated and is replaced by на (na) + the prepositional form:

На кого́ да благодаря́.

Na kogó da blagodarjá.

(please add an English translation of this usage example)

In informal Bulgarian the nominative form is often used instead of the accusative and prepositional ones:

Кой питаш, с кой разговарям.

Koj pitaš, s koj razgovarjam.

(please add an English translation of this usage example)

This usage is not considered standard.

Declension

Declension of кой (as a pronoun)

	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	кой koj	коя́ kojá	кое́ koé	кои́ koí
accusative	кого́ kogó
dative	кому́1 komú1

¹Archaic.

Determiner

кой • (koj) m (interrogative)

1. which, what (used to ask about the identity of one or more people or things)

   Кой чове́к би напра́вил подо́бно не́що?

   Koj čovék bi naprávil podóbno néšto?

   What person would do such a thing?

   Коя́ жена́ би се омъжила за него?

   Kojá žená bi se omǎžila za nego?

   What woman would marry him?

   Кое́ яйце е по-тежко?

   Koé jajce e po-težko?

   Which egg is heavier?

   На кой стол седеше?

   Na koj stol sedeše?

   Which chair was she sitting on?

2. (as a conjunction) who, which, what (used to introduce an indirect question)

   Не можеха да решат коя́ песен да пуснат.

   Ne možeha da rešat kojá pesen da pusnat.

   They couldn't decide which song to play.

   Попитах ги през кои́ градове са минали.

   Popitah gi prez koí gradove sa minali.

   I asked them what towns they went through.

Declension

Declension of кой (as a determiner)

singular			plural
masculine	feminine	neuter
кой koj	коя́ kojá	кое́ koé	кои́ koí

Related terms

Bulgarian interrogative pronouns

	personal		qualitative	possessive	quantitative
masculine	nominative	кой (koj)	какъ́в (kakǎ́v) ко́лкав (kólkav)	чий (čij)	ко́лко (kólko) колци́на (kolcína)
	accusative	кого́ (kogó)
	dative	кому́ (komú)
	prepositional	с кого́ (s kogó)
feminine	коя́ (kojá)		каква́ (kakvá) ко́лкава (kólkava)	чия́ (čijá)
neuter	кое́ (koé) какво́ (kakvó) що (što)		какво́ (kakvó) ко́лкаво (kólkavo)	чие́ (čié)
plural	кои́ (koí)		какви́ (kakví) ко́лкави (kólkavi)	чии́ (čií)

References

• “кой”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “кой”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “кой¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, pages 527-528

Anagrams

• йок (jok)

Erzya

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *kuja (“custom, habit, way, manner”). Compare Proto-Finnic *kujëh, whence Finnish kuje (“practical joke”).

First coined in sense of body of administrative rules by bishop Damaskin in 1785.

Noun

кой • (koj)

1. tradition, custom
   • 1865, Ferdinand Johann Wiedemann, Das Evangelium des Matthäus ersamordwinisch, page 53:

     Son že jovtaź synenst otvets: mezeń kis tyńgak kalavtsynk pazoń zapovedenze tynk koienk kis?

     Jesus replied, “And why do you break the command of God for the sake of your tradition?

2. way, manner
3. law

Declension

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Russian кое- (koje-).

Particle

кой • (koj)

1. As part of compound particles:

   кой-зярдо, кой-косо

   koj -źardo, koj -koso

   sometimes, somewhere

References

• B. A. Serebrennikov; R. N. Buzakova; M. V. Mosin (1993), “кой”, in Эрзянь-рузонь валкс [Erzya-Russian dictionary], Moscow: Русский язык, →ISBN
• Entry #381 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.

Kyrgyz

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic; cognate with Kazakh қой (qoi), Uzbek qoʻy, Azerbaijani qoyun, Turkmen goýun, Turkish koyun.

Noun

кой • (koy) (Arabic spelling قوي)

1. sheep (mammal of the genus Ovis)

Declension

Declension of кой

singular (жекелик)
possession → case ↓	—	first-person singular (менин)	second-person singular informal (сенин)	second-person singular formal (сиздин)	third-person singular/plural (анын/алардын)	first-person plural (биздин)	second-person plural informal (силердин)	second-person plural formal (сиздердин)
nominative (атооч)	кой koy	койум koyum	койуң koyuŋ	койуңуз koyuŋuz	койу koyu	койубуз koyubuz	койуңар koyuŋar	койуңуздар koyuŋuzdar
genitive (илик)	койдун koydun	койумдун koyumdun	койуңдун koyuŋdun	койуңуздун koyuŋuzdun	койунун koyunun	койубуздун koyubuzdun	койуңардын koyuŋardın	койуңуздардын koyuŋuzdardın
dative (барыш)	койго koygo	койума koyuma	койуңа koyuŋa	койуңузга koyuŋuzga	койуна koyuna	койубузга koyubuzga	койуңарга koyuŋarga	койуңуздарга koyuŋuzdarga
accusative (табыш)	койду koydu	койумду koyumdu	койуңду koyuŋdu	койуңузду koyuŋuzdu	койуну koyunu	койубузду koyubuzdu	койуңарды koyuŋardı	койуңуздарды koyuŋuzdardı
locative (жатыш)	койдо koydo	койумда koyumda	койуңда koyuŋda	койуңузда koyuŋuzda	койунда koyunda	койубузда koyubuzda	койуңарда koyuŋarda	койуңуздарда koyuŋuzdarda
ablative (чыгыш)	койдон koydon	койумдан koyumdan	койуңдан koyuŋdan	койуңуздан koyuŋuzdan	койунан koyunan	койубуздан koyubuzdan	койуңардан koyuŋardan	койуңуздардан koyuŋuzdardan
plural (көптөгөн)
possession → case ↓	—	first-person singular (менин)	second-person singular informal (сенин)	second-person singular formal (сиздин)	third-person singular/plural (анын/алардын)	first-person plural (биздин)	second-person plural informal (силердин)	second-person plural formal (сиздердин)
nominative (атооч)	койлор koylor	койлорум koylorum	койлоруң koyloruŋ	койлоруңуз koyloruŋuz	койлору koyloru	койлорубуз koylorubuz	койлоруңар koyloruŋar	койлоруңуздар koyloruŋuzdar
genitive (илик)	койлордун koylordun	койлорумдун koylorumdun	койлоруңдун koyloruŋdun	койлоруңуздун koyloruŋuzdun	койлорунун koylorunun	койлорубуздун koylorubuzdun	койлоруңардын koyloruŋardın	койлоруңуздардын koyloruŋuzdardın
dative (барыш)	койлорго koylorgo	койлорума koyloruma	койлоруңа koyloruŋa	койлоруңузга koyloruŋuzga	койлоруна koyloruna	койлорубузга koylorubuzga	койлоруңарга koyloruŋarga	койлоруңуздарга koyloruŋuzdarga
accusative (табыш)	койлорду koylordu	койлорумду koylorumdu	койлоруңду koyloruŋdu	койлоруңузду koyloruŋuzdu	койлоруну koylorunu	койлорубузду koylorubuzdu	койлоруңарды koyloruŋardı	койлоруңуздарды koyloruŋuzdardı
locative (жатыш)	койлордо koylordo	койлорумда koylorumda	койлоруңда koyloruŋda	койлоруңузда koyloruŋuzda	койлорунда koylorunda	койлорубузда koylorubuzda	койлоруңарда koyloruŋarda	койлоруңуздарда koyloruŋuzdarda
ablative (чыгыш)	койлордон koylordon	койлорумдан koylorumdan	койлоруңдан koyloruŋdan	койлоруңуздан koyloruŋuzdan	койлорунан koylorunan	койлорубуздан koylorubuzdan	койлоруңардан koyloruŋardan	койлоруңуздардан koyloruŋuzdardan

Nogai

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *koń. cognate with Kazakh қой (qoi), Uzbek qo'y, Azerbaijani qoyun, Turkmen goýun, Turkish koyun.

Noun

кой • (koy)

1. sheep

Further reading

• N. A. Baskakov, S.A Kalmykov, editor (1963), “кой”, in Nogajsko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Nogai-Russian Dictionary], Moscow: karačajevo-čerkesskij naučno- issledovatelʹskij institut jazyka, literatury i istorii, →ISBN

Northern Altai

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *koń. Cognate to Khakas хой (xoy), Tuvan хой (xoy), Western Yugur ɢoj, etc.

Noun

кой • (koy)

1. sheep

References

• N. A. Baskakov, editor (1985), “кой”, in Severnyje Dialekty Altajskovo( Ojrotskovo) Jazyka- Dialekt Lebedinskix Tatar-čalkancev(kuu-kiži) [Northern Altai language-Dialect of Chelkan], Moskva: glavnaja redakcija vostočnoj literatury, →ISBN, page 164

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic къи (kŷi), from Proto-Slavic *kъjь (“who, what, which”), from *kъ (“who”) + *-jь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kas (“who”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos (“who”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [koj]

• Audio:

  (file)

Determiner

кой • (koj)

1. (archaic, literary) how, which, who, what

   Synonyms: како́й (kakój), кото́рый (kotóryj)

   Antonym: никой (nikoj)

   в ко́и-то ве́ки ― v kói-to véki ― once in a very long time

   до ко́их пор? ― do kóix por? ― how long?

   из ко́их ― iz kóix ― of which; of whom

   на кой чёрт? ― na koj čort? ― what the hell for?

   ни в ко́ей ме́ре ― ni v kójej mére ― not in the least

   ни в ко́ем ра́зе ― ni v kójem ráze ― not on your nelly

   ни в ко́ем слу́чае ― ni v kójem slúčaje ― on no account; by no means

   ни ко́им о́бразом ― ni kóim óbrazom ― there is no way

Usage notes

Now only found in a few set phrases and expressions.

Declension

Declension of кой

		masculine	neuter	feminine	plural
nominative		кой koj	ко́е kóje	ко́я kója	ко́и kói
genitive		ко́его kójevo		ко́ей kójej	ко́их kóix
dative		ко́ему kójemu		ко́ей kójej	ко́им kóim
accusative	animate	ко́его kójevo	ко́е kóje	ко́ю kóju	ко́их kóix
	inanimate	кой koj			ко́и kói
instrumental		ко́им kóim		ко́ей, ко́ею kójej, kójeju	ко́ими kóimi
prepositional		ко́ем kójem		ко́ей kójej	ко́их kóix

Pre-reform declension of кой

		masculine	neuter	feminine	plural
nominative		кой koj	ко́е kóje	ко́я kója	ко́и kói
genitive		ко́его kójevo		ко́ей kójej	ко́ихъ kóix
dative		ко́ему kójemu		ко́ей kójej	ко́имъ kóim
accusative	animate	ко́его kójevo	ко́е kóje	ко́ю kóju	ко́ихъ kóix
	inanimate	кой koj			ко́и kói
instrumental		ко́имъ kóim		ко́ей, ко́ею kójej, kójeju	ко́ими kóimi
prepositional		ко́емъ kójem		ко́ей kójej	ко́ихъ kóix

Derived terms

• кое- (koje-)
• э́кий (ékij), эко́й (ekój)

Related terms

Category Russian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷe- not found

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кой”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress\

Southern Altai

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic; cognate with Kazakh қой (qoi), Uzbek qo'y, Azerbaijani qoyun, Turkmen goýun, Turkish koyun.

Noun

кой • (koy)

1. sheep

Declension

Inflection of кой

	singular	plural
absolute	кой (koy)	койлор (koylor)
definite genitive	койдыҥ (koydïŋ)	койлордыҥ (koylordïŋ)
dative	койго (koygo)	койлорго (koylorgo)
definite accusative	койды (koydï)	койлорды (koylordï)
locative	койдо (koydo)	койлордо (koylordo)
ablative	койдоҥ (koydoŋ)	койлордоҥ (koylordoŋ)

References

N. A. Baskakov, Toščakova N.A, editor (1947), “кой”, in Ojrotsko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Oyrot-Russian Dictionary], Moscow: M.: OGIZ, →ISBN