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рука

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: рѫка

Belarusian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Middle Belarusian рука (ruka), from Old East Slavic рѫка (rǫka), from Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ruˈka]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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рука́ (rukáf inan (genitive рукі́, nominative plural ру́кі, genitive plural рук)

  1. hand
  2. arm

Declension

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Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • рука” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Old East Slavic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Slavic *rǫkà, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.

Noun

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рука́ (rukáf

  1. hand

Declension

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Accent paradigm c.

Descendants

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  • Belarusian: рука́ (ruká)
  • Russian: рука́ (ruká)
  • Carpathian Rusyn: рука (ruka)
  • Ukrainian: рука́ (ruká)

Further reading

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  • Zaliznyak, Andrey A. (2019), “рука́”, in Древнерусское ударение: Общие сведения и словарь [Old East Slavic accent: General Information and Dictionary]‎[1] (in Russian), 2nd, expanded and revised edition, Moscow: Publishing House “YASK”, →DOI, →ISBN, page 187

Pannonian Rusyn

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Slovak ruka, from Proto-Slavic *rǫka. Cognates include Carpathian Rusyn рука́ (ruká) and Slovak ruka.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈruka]
  • Rhymes: -uka
  • Hyphenation: ру‧ка

Noun

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рука (rukaf (diminutive ручка, augmentative ручиска, relational adjective ручни)

  1. (anatomy) arm
  2. (anatomy) hand
    Synonyms: длань (dlanʹ), гарсц (harsc)
  3. (in the plural) lap (parts of the legs above the knees)

Usage notes

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  • годзина (hodzina), рука (ruka), and око (oko) are some of the only nouns to (sometimes) have a null genitive plural suffix. For рука (ruka), the null suffix occurs only after prepositions, especially in the phrase з рук до рук (z ruk do ruk, from hand to hand).

Declension

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Declension of рука (ruka)
singular plural
nominative рука (ruka) руки (ruki)
genitive руки (ruki) рукох / рук (rukox / ruk)
dative руки (ruki) руком (rukom)
accusative руку (ruku) руки (ruki)
instrumental руку (ruku) руками (rukami)
locative руки (ruki) рукох (rukox)
vocative руко (ruko) руки (ruki)
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adjectives
nouns
verbs

References

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Russian

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Etymology

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From Old East Slavic рѫка (rǫka), from Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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рука́ (rukáf inan (genitive руки́, nominative plural ру́ки, genitive plural рук, relational adjective ручно́й, diminutive ру́чка or ручо́нка, augmentative ручи́ща)

  1. hand
    из рук в ру́киiz ruk v rúkifrom hand to hand
    уме́лые ру́киumélyje rúkiskilled worker (singular)
    держа́ть кого́-либо за́ рукуderžátʹ kovó-libo zá rukuto hold someone by the hand
    держа́ть себя́ в рука́хderžátʹ sebjá v rukáxto have control over oneself, to keep oneself in hand, to keep oneself under control
    брать кого́-либо за́ рукуbratʹ kovó-libo zá rukuto take someone by the hand
    вести́ кого́-либо за́ рукуvestí kovó-libo zá rukuto lead someone by the hand
    держа́ть друг дру́га за́ рукуderžátʹ drug drúga zá rukuto hold hands
    здоро́ваться за́ руку с ке́м-либоzdoróvatʹsja zá ruku s kém-liboto shake hands with someone, to greet by shaking hands with someone
    подава́ть/пода́ть ру́куpodavátʹ/podátʹ rúkuto offer one's hand
    Моя́ рука́ сожмётся.Mojá ruká sožmjótsja.My hand will be clenched.
    развя́зывать/развяза́ть ру́киrazvjázyvatʹ/razvjazátʹ rúkito untie/free (someone's) hands
  2. arm

Declension

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Meronyms

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Holonyms

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Derived terms

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Compounds:

Phrases
Proverbs
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Adjectives with -ру́кий
Adjectives
Adverbs
Nouns
Shorten Nouns
verbs

See also

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References

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  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “рука”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “рука”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 127

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /rǔːka/
  • Hyphenation: ру‧ка

Noun

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ру́ка f (Latin spelling rúka)

  1. hand

Declension

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Declension of рука
singular plural
nominative ру́ка ру̑ке
genitive руке ру̏кӯ / ру̏ка̄
dative ру́ци рукама
accusative руку руке
vocative руко руке
locative ру́ци рукама
instrumental руком рукама

Derived terms

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Ukrainian

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Etymology

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From Middle Ukrainian рѫка (ruka), from Old East Slavic рѫка (rǫka), from Proto-Slavic *rǫka, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ránkāˀ.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [rʊˈka]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -a
  • Hyphenation: ру‧ка

Noun

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рука́ (rukáf inan (genitive руки́, nominative plural ру́ки, genitive plural рук, diminutive руча́ or ру́чка)

  1. (anatomy) hand
  2. (anatomy) arm
  3. (writing) hand, handwriting

Declension

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Declension of рука́
(inan hard fem-form accent-f')
singular plural
nominative рука́
ruká
ру́ки
rúky
genitive руки́
ruký
рук
ruk
dative руці́
rucí
рука́м
rukám
accusative ру́ку
rúku
ру́ки
rúky
instrumental руко́ю
rukóju
рука́ми
rukámy
locative руці́
rucí
рука́х
rukáx
vocative ру́ко
rúko
ру́ки
rúky

Further reading

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