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топ

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Bulgarian

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Bulgarian Wikipedia has an article on:
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Топове (оръдие) край Паметника на свободата на вр. Шипка

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طوپ (top, ball, clump).

Noun

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топ (topm (relational adjective топо́вен, diminutive то́пче)

  1. (originally) cannonball, bullet (round projectile)
    Synonym: гюле́ (gjulé)
    (by methonymic generalization) cannon
    хвърлям топа (idiom)hvǎrljam topato kick the bucket (literally, “to shoot the cannonball”)
  2. bundle, roll, pellet, round clump
    топ харти́яtop hartíjabundle of paper, ream
    топ платtop platroll of fabric
    топ тесто́top testópellet of dough
Usage notes
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In the modern language, the two meanings of the word are often interpreted as separate lemmas, but etymologically they share the same origin.

Declension
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Declension of топ
singular plural
indefinite топ
top
то́пове, топо́ве
tópove, topóve
definite
(subject form)
то́път
tópǎt
то́повете, топо́вете
tópovete, topóvete
definite
(object form)
то́па
tópa
count form то́па
tópa
Derived terms
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  • топу́з (topúz, cudgel, mace) (historical, dialectal)

References

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  • топ²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
  • топ¹”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
  • топ”, in БЕРОН (Български езикови ресурси онлайн) [BERON (Bulgarian Language Resources Online)] (in Bulgarian), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2024

Further reading

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Etymology 2

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Bulgarian Wikipedia has an article on:
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Calque of Classical Persian رخ (rux, battle tower).

Noun

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топ (topm

  1. (chess) rook (a piece shaped like a castle tower, that can be moved only up, down, left or right (but not diagonally) or in castling)
    Synonym: тур (tur)

See also

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Chess pieces in Bulgarian · шахматни фигури (šahmatni figuri) (layout · text)
♚ ♛ ♜ ♝ ♞ ♟
цар (car) царица (carica) топ (top) офицер (oficer) кон (kon) пешка (peška)

Etymology 3

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    Borrowed from English top.

    Adjective

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    топ (top) (indeclinable)

    1. top, excellent, superb
      топ диви́зияtop divízijahighest division
      топ секре́тенtop sekrétentop secret
    Derived terms
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    Noun

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    топ (topm

    1. (colloquial) top (garment worn to cover the torso)
    Declension
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    Declension of топ
    singular plural
    indefinite топ
    top
    то́пове
    tópove
    definite
    (subject form)
    то́път
    tópǎt
    то́повете
    tópovete
    definite
    (object form)
    то́па
    tópa
    count form то́па
    tópa

    References

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    • топ²”, in ЛексИт [LexIt] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014

    Anagrams

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    Chechen

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    Etymology

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    From Turkic, compare Azerbaijani top.

    Noun

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    топ (top)

    1. gun
    2. rifle

    Kazakh

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    Alternative scripts
    Arabic توپ
    Cyrillic топ
    Latin top
    Kazakh Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia kk

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    топ (top)

    1. team, group, cluster

    Declension

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    Declension of топ
    singular plural
    nominative топ (top) топтар (toptar)
    genitive топтың (toptyñ) топтардың (toptardyñ)
    dative топқа (topqa) топтарға (toptarğa)
    accusative топты (topty) топтарды (toptardy)
    locative топта (topta) топтарда (toptarda)
    ablative топтан (toptan) топтардан (toptardan)
    instrumental топпен (toppen) топтармен (toptarmen)
    similative топтай (toptai) топтардай (toptardai)

    Synonyms

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    Derived terms

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    Kyrgyz

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    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    топ (top) (Arabic spelling توپ)

    1. ball
    2. group, team, cluster

    Declension

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    Declension of топ
    singular
    (жекелик)
    possession →
    case ↓
    first-person
    singular
    (менин)
    second-person
    singular informal
    (сенин)
    second-person
    singular formal
    (сиздин)
    third-person
    singular/plural
    (анын/алардын)
    first-person
    plural
    (биздин)
    second-person
    plural informal
    (силердин)
    second-person
    plural formal
    (сиздердин)
    nominative (атооч) топ
    top
    тобум
    tobum
    тобуң
    tobuŋ
    тобуңуз
    tobuŋuz
    тобу
    tobu
    тобубуз
    tobubuz
    тобуңар
    tobuŋar
    тобуңуздар
    tobuŋuzdar
    genitive (илик) топтун
    toptun
    тобумдун
    tobumdun
    тобуңдун
    tobuŋdun
    тобуңуздун
    tobuŋuzdun
    тобунун
    tobunun
    тобубуздун
    tobubuzdun
    тобуңардын
    tobuŋardın
    тобуңуздардын
    tobuŋuzdardın
    dative (барыш) топко
    topko
    тобума
    tobuma
    тобуңа
    tobuŋa
    тобуңузга
    tobuŋuzga
    тобуна
    tobuna
    тобубузга
    tobubuzga
    тобуңарга
    tobuŋarga
    тобуңуздарга
    tobuŋuzdarga
    accusative (табыш) топту
    toptu
    тобумду
    tobumdu
    тобуңду
    tobuŋdu
    тобуңузду
    tobuŋuzdu
    тобун
    tobun
    тобубузду
    tobubuzdu
    тобуңарды
    tobuŋardı
    тобуңуздарды
    tobuŋuzdardı
    locative (жатыш) топто
    topto
    тобумда
    tobumda
    тобуңда
    tobuŋda
    тобуңузда
    tobuŋuzda
    тобунда
    tobunda
    тобубузда
    tobubuzda
    тобуңарда
    tobuŋarda
    тобуңуздарда
    tobuŋuzdarda
    ablative (чыгыш) топтон
    topton
    тобумдан
    tobumdan
    тобуңдан
    tobuŋdan
    тобуңуздан
    tobuŋuzdan
    тобунан
    tobunan
    тобубуздан
    tobubuzdan
    тобуңардан
    tobuŋardan
    тобуңуздардан
    tobuŋuzdardan
    plural
    (көптөгөн)
    possession →
    case ↓
    first-person
    singular
    (менин)
    second-person
    singular informal
    (сенин)
    second-person
    singular formal
    (сиздин)
    third-person
    singular/plural
    (анын/алардын)
    first-person
    plural
    (биздин)
    second-person
    plural informal
    (силердин)
    second-person
    plural formal
    (сиздердин)
    nominative (атооч) топтор
    toptor
    топторум
    toptorum
    топторуң
    toptoruŋ
    топторуңуз
    toptoruŋuz
    топтору
    toptoru
    топторубуз
    toptorubuz
    топторуңар
    toptoruŋar
    топторуңуздар
    toptoruŋuzdar
    genitive (илик) топтордун
    toptordun
    топторумдун
    toptorumdun
    топторуңдун
    toptoruŋdun
    топторуңуздун
    toptoruŋuzdun
    топторунун
    toptorunun
    топторубуздун
    toptorubuzdun
    топторуңардын
    toptoruŋardın
    топторуңуздардын
    toptoruŋuzdardın
    dative (барыш) топторго
    toptorgo
    топторума
    toptoruma
    топторуңа
    toptoruŋa
    топторуңузга
    toptoruŋuzga
    топторуна
    toptoruna
    топторубузга
    toptorubuzga
    топторуңарга
    toptoruŋarga
    топторуңуздарга
    toptoruŋuzdarga
    accusative (табыш) топторду
    toptordu
    топторумду
    toptorumdu
    топторуңду
    toptoruŋdu
    топторуңузду
    toptoruŋuzdu
    топторун
    toptorun
    топторубузду
    toptorubuzdu
    топторуңарды
    toptoruŋardı
    топторуңуздарды
    toptoruŋuzdardı
    locative (жатыш) топтордо
    toptordo
    топторумда
    toptorumda
    топторуңда
    toptoruŋda
    топторуңузда
    toptoruŋuzda
    топторунда
    toptorunda
    топторубузда
    toptorubuzda
    топторуңарда
    toptoruŋarda
    топторуңуздарда
    toptoruŋuzdarda
    ablative (чыгыш) топтордон
    toptordon
    топторумдан
    toptorumdan
    топторуңдан
    toptoruŋdan
    топторуңуздан
    toptoruŋuzdan
    топторунан
    toptorunan
    топторубуздан
    toptorubuzdan
    топторуңардан
    toptoruŋardan
    топторуңуздардан
    toptoruŋuzdardan

    Derived terms

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    Macedonian

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    Pronunciation

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    Etymology 1

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    Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طوپ (top).

    Noun

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    топ (topm (relational adjective топовски)

    1. cannon
    Declension
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    Declension of топ
    singular plural
    indefinite топ (top) топови (topovi)
    definite unspecified топот (topot) топовите (topovite)
    definite proximal топов (topov) топовиве (topovive)
    definite distal топон (topon) топовине (topovine)
    vocative топу (topu) топови (topovi)
    count form топа (topa)

    Etymology 2

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    Borrowed from English top.

    Adjective

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    топ (top) (indeclinable, not comparable)

    1. topnotch, great, awesome

    Adverb

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    топ (top) (not comparable)

    1. in a topnotch, great, awesome way

    Russian

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    Pronunciation

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    Etymology 1

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    Borrowed from Dutch top, English top, or Low German Topp.

    Noun

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    топ (topm inan (genitive то́па, nominative plural то́пы, genitive plural то́пов, diminutive то́пик)

    1. top (of the mast)
    2. cheese, note (pressed mass of tobacco in tobacco cutting machine)
    Declension
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    Etymology 2

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    Onomatopoeic.

    Interjection

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    топ (top)

    1. stamp (sound of stamping when walking)

    Serbo-Croatian

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    то̏п

    Etymology

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    Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طوپ (top).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    то̏п m inan or m anim (Latin spelling tȍp)

    1. (inanimate) cannon
    2. (chess, animate) rook

    Declension

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    inanimate (cannon)
    Declension of топ
    singular plural
    nominative топ топови
    genitive топа топова
    dative топу топовима
    accusative топ топове
    vocative топе топови
    locative топу топовима
    instrumental топом топовима
    animate (rook)
    Declension of топ
    singular plural
    nominative топ топови
    genitive топа топова
    dative топу топовима
    accusative топа топове
    vocative топе топови
    locative топу топовима
    instrumental топом топовима

    See also

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    Chess pieces in Serbo-Croatian · šahovske figure / шаховске фигуре (layout · text)
    ♚ ♛ ♜ ♝ ♞ ♟
    kralj
    краљ
    dama, kraljica
    дама, краљица
    top, kula
    топ, кула
    lovac, trkač, laufer
    ловац, тркач, лауфер
    skakač, konj
    скакач, коњ
    pješak, pešak, pion, pijun
    пјешак, пешак, пион, пијун

    Southern Altai

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    Etymology

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    From Proto-Turkic *top.

    Noun

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    топ (top)

    1. (archaic) round thing

    Declension

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    Inflection of топ
    singular plural
    absolute топ (top) топтор (toptor)
    definite genitive топтыҥ (toptïŋ) топтордыҥ (toptordïŋ)
    dative топко (topko) топторго (toptorgo)
    definite accusative топты (toptï) топторды (toptordï)
    locative топто (topto) топтордо (toptordo)
    ablative топтоҥ (toptoŋ) топтордоҥ (toptordoŋ)

    Derived terms

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    References

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    • Räsänen, Martti (1969), Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 489