تو

See also: پو, بو, and Appendix:Variations of "tu"

Malay

Alternative forms

• itu
• tu
• ايت

Etymology

Shortened form of ايت, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Malayic *(i)tu(ʔ), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *(i-)tu, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Austronesian *(i-)Cu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tu/
• Rhymes: -tu, -u

Determiner

تو (tu)

1. that (what is being indicated)

Pronoun

تو (tu)

1. that (that thing)

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Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian LK (tō, “you, thou”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Persian (compare 𐎬𐎺𐎶 (tuvam)), from Proto-Iranian *tuHám (compare Kurdish, Pashto ته (tə), Avestan 𐬙𐬏𐬨 (tūm)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tuHám (compare Sanskrit त्वम् (tvam)), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. PIE cognates include Latin tū, Ancient Greek σύ (sú), Russian ты (ty), and Old English þū.

Pronunciation

audio

(file)

Pronoun

Dari	تو
Iranian Persian
Tajik	ту

تو • (to)

1. you, thou (informal, singular)
2. (generally with following را) you, thee
3. (at the end of an ezafe) your, thy

Usage notes

• The form تو را (to râ) may be contracted into ترا (torâ), both of which are pronounced the same, however.

See also

• شما (formal, polite, and grammatically plural)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tuː/

Noun

تو • (tav, tow)

1. (archaic) pool, puddle

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tuː/

Noun

تو • (tu)

1. inside; interior

Preposition

1. in; inside

Usage notes

• May be construed with or without ezafe.

Adverb

1. inside

Adjective

تو • (tu)

1. within; interior; inner

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Southwestern Fars

Noun

تو (tow)

1. (Masarm, Deh Sarv) fever

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Urdu

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /t̪uː/

Pronoun

تو • (tū) (Hindi spelling तू)

1. you, thou (informal, grammatically singular)

Usage notes

• تو is least formal way of expressing "you" in Urdu and is used when addressing those of much lower social status or those one has a close enough relationship with to justify the reduced formality. Because the less formal forms could offend others, آپ is the safest way to express "you" unless there is reason to be less formal. The usage of تو varies. In some cases speakers would use it to refer to babies or children or even close friends, while others would use it only to refer to those they consider socially inferior, and some consider its use for people to be very rude in any situation. However تو, when used to address deities reflects a sense of reverence and closeness commensurate with the lack of formalities.

Declension

declension of تو

direct	تو (to) (tū)
indirect	تجھ (tujh)
ergative	تو نے (to ne) (tūne)
genitive	تیرا (terā) (terā)
dative/ accusative	تجھے (tujhe), تجھ کو (tujh-ko)

See also

• آپ (highest formality, grammatically plural)
• تم (mid level formality, grammatically plural)