خوراک

Pashto

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian خْوَرَاک (xwarāk).

Noun

خوراک • (xwarā́k, xorā́k) m

1. food

Persian

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Persian *hwlʾk' (/⁠xwarāg⁠/). By surface analysis, خور (xwar / xor, present stem of خوردن (xwardan / xordan, “to eat, to drink, to corrode, to collide with, to fit”)) +‎ ـاک (-āk / -âk, alternative form of ـا (-ā / -â)). Akin to Old Armenian խորակ (xorak), an Iranian borrowing.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /xʷa.ˈraːk/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xoː.ɾɑːk], [xʊ.ɾɑːk]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xoː.ɾɑːk], [xʊ.ɾɑːk]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [xoː.ɾɑːk], [xʊ.ɾɑːk]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [xʊː.ɾɔːk], [xu.ɾɔːk]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [xo.ɹɒːkʰʲ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [χɵ.ɾɔk]

Readings
Classical reading?	xwarāk
Dari reading?	xōrāk, xurāk
Iranian reading?	xorâk
Tajik reading?	xürok

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Noun

خوراک • (xwarāk / xorâk) (Tajik spelling хӯрок)

1. (Dari, Tajik or archaic) food, victuals, provisions

   Synonyms: غذا, طعام

   خوراک تیار خوش داری؟ (Formal Dari)

   xōrāk-i tayyār xōš dārī?

   Do you like fast food?

2. daily bread, eatables

Derived terms

• خوراکی (xwarākī / xorâki, “food, meal, nourishment”)

Descendants

• → Georgian: ხორაგი (xoragi)
• → Azerbaijani: xörək
• → Uzbek: xoʻrak
• → Kazakh: қорек (qorek)

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian خوراک (xwarāk).

Noun

خُراک • (xurāk) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਖ਼ੁਰਾਕ)

1. food

Saraiki

Etymology

From Classical Persian خوراک (xwārāk).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xuː.ɾaːk/

Noun

خُوراک (xūrāk) f

1. food

Sindhi

Etymology

From Classical Persian خوراک (xwarāk).

Noun

خوراک • (xorākh)

1. food

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian خوراک. First attested in c. 1609 as Middle Hindi خوراک (xvrak)

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /xʊ.ɾɑːk/
• Rhymes: -ɑːk

Noun

خوراک • (xorāk) f (Hindi spelling ख़ुराक)

1. victuals, meal, food (for humans, animals, or plants etc.)

   Synonyms: کھانا (khānā), غَذا (ġazā)

2. one's appetite or diet
3. (medicine) dose
4. expenses (of an employee etc.)

Declension

Declension of خوراک

	singular	plural
direct	خوراک (xorāk)	خوراکیں (xorākẽ)
oblique	خوراک (xorāk)	خوراکوں (xorākõ)
vocative	خوراک (xorāk)	خوراکو (xorāko)

Further reading

• “خوراک”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “خوراک”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2026.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “خوراک”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• Platts, John T. (1884), “خوراک”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• Fallon, S. W. (1879), “خوراک”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
• John Shakespear (1834), “خوراک”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3^rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC