سیر

See also: شیر, سير, and ـسز

Central Kurdish

Noun

سیر (sîr)

1. garlic

Khowar

Etymology

From Sanskrit सेतु (sétu, “bridge”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sHáytuš.

Noun

سیر (ser)

1. bridge

References

• Elena Bashir; Maula Nigah; Rahmat Karim Baig (2022), “سیر”, in A digital Khowar-English dictionary with audio‎^[1], second edition, Chicago, I.L.: South Asia Language and Area Center, University of Chicago, archived from the original on 19 January 2023.

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic سَيْر (sayr).

Noun

سیر • (seyr)

1. motion
2. show, spectacle

Derived terms

• سیر یری (seyr yeri)
• سیرجی (seyrci)

Descendants

• Turkish: seyir

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Persian سیر (sir, “garlic”).

Noun

سیر • (sir)

1. garlic

Descendants

• Turkish: sir, sirmo (dialectal)

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Persian سیر (sir, “satiated”).

Adjective

سیر • (sir)

1. full, satiated

References

• Redhouse, J. W.; Wells, Charles (1880), “سیر”, in Redhouse's Turkish Dictionary, in Two Parts, English and Turkish, and Turkish and English, 2nd edition, London: Bernard Quartch, 15 Piccadilly, page 607b

Persian

Etymology 1

Cognate with Northern Kurdish têr.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈseːr/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [seːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [seːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [seːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [seːɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [siːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [seɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	sēr
Dari reading?	sēr
Iranian reading?	sir
Tajik reading?	ser

• Rhymes: -iːr

Adjective

Dari	سیر
Iranian Persian
Tajik	сер

سیر • (sir)

2. full, satiated

   Antonym: گرسنه (gorosne)

3. sated, fed up
4. (of colors) dark

   Synonym: تیره (tire)

   Antonym: روشن (rowšan)

   قرمز سیر ― qermez-e sir ― dark red

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European; in Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (syl) or Aramaic heterogram [script needed] (TWMʾ); often claimed to come from an Old Persian *θigraʰ, only imagined to be reflected in the month name Old Persian 𐎰𐎠𐎡𐎥𐎼𐎨𐎡𐏁 (Θāigraciš, literally “*the month of garlic-collecting”), while another suggestion sees the full term rather reflected by Proto-Turkic *sarmïsak (“garlic”) borrowed from Iranian.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈsiːr/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [siːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [siːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [siːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [siɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [siːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [siɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	sīr
Dari reading?	sīr
Iranian reading?	sir
Tajik reading?	sir

• Rhymes: -uːd

Noun

Dari	سیر
Iranian Persian
Tajik	сир

سیر • (sir)

2. garlic

Descendants

• → Ottoman Turkish: سیر (sir)
  • Turkish: sir, sirmo (dialectal)
• → Romani: sir

See also

• (Haft-sin table) هفت‌سین (haft-sin); سبزه (sabze), سیر (sir), سیب (sib), سمنو (samanu), سنجد (senjed), سرکه (serke), سماق (somâq), سکه (sekke)

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic سَيْر (sayr).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈsajr/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [säjɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [säjɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [säjɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [säjɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sejɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [säjɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	sayr
Dari reading?	sayr
Iranian reading?	seyr
Tajik reading?	sayr

Noun

سیر • (seyr)

1. act of going; movement
2. excursion, trip
   • c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 83:

     داشتیم وقت سحر در سیر گلشن گریه‌ای
     کز غمم خواند این غزل مرغی بدرد افغان کنان

     dāštēm waqt-i sahar dar sayr-i gulšan girya'ē
     k-az ġamam xwānd īn ġazal murġē ba-dard-i afġān kunān

     I wept a little at the time of dawn during my outing to the rose garden,
     For out of my grief, a bird sang this love poem with a pain that makes one cry out.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Further reading

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “سیر”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press.

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian سیر (sayr), from Arabic سَيْر (sayr).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /sɛːɾ/

Noun

سیر • (sair) f (Hindi spelling सैर)

1. tour
2. journey

Declension

Declension of سیر

	singular	plural
direct	سیر (sair)	سیریں (sairẽ)
oblique	سیر (sair)	سیروں (sairõ)
vocative	سیر (sair)	سیرو (sairo)

Derived terms

• سیر کرنا (sair karnā)
• سیر سپاٹا (sair-sapāṭā)

Ushojo

Etymology

From Urdu سیر (ser).

Noun

سیر (ser)

1. walk
2. 1200 grams