द्रु
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- দ্ৰু (Assamese script)
- ᬤ᭄ᬭᬸ (Balinese script)
- দ্রু (Bengali script)
- 𑰟𑰿𑰨𑰲 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀤𑁆𑀭𑀼 (Brahmi script)
- ဒြု (Burmese script)
- દ્રુ (Gujarati script)
- ਦ੍ਰੁ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌦𑍍𑌰𑍁 (Grantha script)
- ꦢꦿꦸ (Javanese script)
- 𑂠𑂹𑂩𑂳 (Kaithi script)
- ದ್ರು (Kannada script)
- ទ្រុ (Khmer script)
- ທ຺ຣຸ (Lao script)
- ദ്രു (Malayalam script)
- ᡩᡵᡠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘟𑘿𑘨𑘳 (Modi script)
- ᢑᠷᠤ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦿𑧠𑧈𑧔 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐡𑑂𑐬𑐸 (Newa script)
- ଦ୍ରୁ (Odia script)
- ꢣ꣄ꢬꢸ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆢𑇀𑆫𑆶 (Sharada script)
- 𑖟𑖿𑖨𑖲 (Siddham script)
- ද්රු (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩭 𑪙𑩼𑩒 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚛𑚶𑚤𑚰 (Takri script)
- த்³ரு (Tamil script)
- ద్రు (Telugu script)
- ทฺรุ (Thai script)
- དྲུ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒠𑓂𑒩𑒳 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨛𑩇𑨫𑨃 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *drew- (“to run”).[1] Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬀𐬎𐬎 (drauu, “to run”), and, outside of Indo-Iranian, possibly Latin amtruō (“to dance around”),[2] Dravus (“the Drava river in southern Central Europe”).[3] See also द्रा (drā, “to run”), which may be related.[2]
Alternative forms
[edit]- द्रव् (drav)
Root
[edit]द्रु • (dru)
- to run, hasten, flee
- to run up to, attack, assault
- to become fluid, dissolve, melt
- to cause to run, make flow
- to make fluid, melt
- to drive away, put to flight
Derived terms
[edit]Primary verbal forms
Secondary forms
- अद्रा॑वि (ádrāvi, passive aorist)
- द्रा॒वय॑ति (drāváyati, causative)
- अदु॑द्रुवत् (ádudruvat, causative aorist)
- द्राव्यते (drāvyate, passive of causative)
- दुद्रूषति (dudrūṣati, desiderative)
- दोद्रूयते (dodrūyate, intensive)
- दोद्रोति (dodroti, intensive)
- दोद्राव (dodrāva, intensive perfect)
Non-finite forms
Derived nominal forms
Prefixed root forms
References
[edit]- ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*drau²”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 77
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “drav”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 181
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), “DRAV”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 755
Further reading
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899), “द्रु 2.dru”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 502, column 1.
- William Dwight Whitney (1885), “dru, 'run'”, in The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 80
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2026), “dru”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *drew-, oblique case stem of *dóru, whence also regularly Sanskrit दारु (dā́ru).[1][2] Compare Ancient Greek δρῦς (drûs) and Old Church Slavonic дръва (drŭva).
Noun
[edit]द्रु • (drú) stem, m or n
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | द्रुः (drúḥ) | द्रू (drū́) | द्रवः॑ (drávaḥ) |
| accusative | द्रुम् (drúm) | द्रू (drū́) | द्रून् (drū́n) |
| instrumental | द्रुणा॑ (drúṇā) द्र्वा¹ (drvā́¹) |
द्रुभ्या॑म् (drúbhyām) | द्रुभिः॑ (drúbhiḥ) |
| dative | द्रवे॑ (dráve) | द्रुभ्या॑म् (drúbhyām) | द्रुभ्यः॑ (drúbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | द्रोः (dróḥ) | द्रुभ्या॑म् (drúbhyām) | द्रुभ्यः॑ (drúbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | द्रोः (dróḥ) | द्र्वोः (drvóḥ) | द्रू॒णाम् (drūṇā́m) |
| locative | द्रौ (dráu) | द्र्वोः (drvóḥ) | द्रुषु॑ (drúṣu) |
| vocative | द्रो (dró) | द्रू (drū́) | द्रवः॑ (drávaḥ) |
- ¹Vedic
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | द्रु (drú) | द्रुणी॑ (drúṇī) द्र्वी¹ (drvī́¹) |
द्रूणि॑ (drū́ṇi) द्रु¹ (drú¹) द्रू¹ (drū́¹) |
| accusative | द्रु (drú) | द्रुणी॑ (drúṇī) द्र्वी¹ (drvī́¹) |
द्रूणि॑ (drū́ṇi) द्रु¹ (drú¹) द्रू¹ (drū́¹) |
| instrumental | द्रुणा॑ (drúṇā) द्र्वा¹ (drvā́¹) |
द्रुभ्या॑म् (drúbhyām) | द्रुभिः॑ (drúbhiḥ) |
| dative | द्रुणे॑ (drúṇe) द्रवे॑¹ (dráve¹) |
द्रुभ्या॑म् (drúbhyām) | द्रुभ्यः॑ (drúbhyaḥ) |
| ablative | द्रुणः॑ (drúṇaḥ) द्रोः¹ (dróḥ¹) |
द्रुभ्या॑म् (drúbhyām) | द्रुभ्यः॑ (drúbhyaḥ) |
| genitive | द्रुणः॑ (drúṇaḥ) द्रोः¹ (dróḥ¹) |
द्रुणोः॑ (drúṇoḥ) द्र्वोः¹ (drvóḥ¹) |
द्रू॒णाम् (drūṇā́m) |
| locative | द्रुणि॑ (drúṇi) द्रौ¹ (dráu¹) |
द्रुणोः॑ (drúṇoḥ) द्र्वोः¹ (drvóḥ¹) |
द्रुषु॑ (drúṣu) |
| vocative | द्रु (drú) द्रो (dró) |
द्रुणी॑ (drúṇī) द्र्वी¹ (drvī́¹) |
द्रूणि॑ (drū́ṇi) द्रु¹ (drú¹) द्रू¹ (drū́¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Derived terms
[edit]- द्रव्य (dravya, “related to trees, a resin”)
- द्रुपद (drupadá, “wooden post (to which captives are tied)”)
References
[edit]- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), “dru-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 759
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), “dā́ru-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][3] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 721
Further reading
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899), “द्रु 4.drú”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 502, column 1.
Categories:
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit roots
- Sanskrit roots in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit masculine nouns
- Sanskrit neuter nouns
- Sanskrit nouns with multiple genders
- Sanskrit u-stem nouns