पाल

See also: पल, पीला, पुल, and पूल

Gondi

Etymology

Cognate with Kannada ಹಾಲು (hālu), Malayalam പാൽ (pāl), Tamil பால் (pāl), Telugu పాలు (pālu).

Noun

पाल (pāl)

1. milk

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /pɑːl/, [päːl]

Etymology 1

From Sanskrit पल्ल (palla).

Noun

पाल • (pāl) m (Urdu spelling پال)

1. sail

Declension

Declension of पाल (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	पाल pāl	पाल pāl
oblique	पाल pāl	पालों pālõ
vocative	पाल pāl	पालो pālo

Etymology 2

From Sanskrit पाली (pālī).

Noun

पाल • (pāl) m

1. (poetic) dyke, dam

Declension

Declension of पाल (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	पाल pāl	पाल pāl
oblique	पाल pāl	पालों pālõ
vocative	पाल pāl	पालो pālo

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “पाल”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 625

Konkani

Etymology

From Sanskrit पल्ली (pallī), borrowed from Proto-Dravidian. Cognate with Marathi पाल (pāl). Also compare Kannada ಪಲ್ಲಿ (palli), ಹಲ್ಲಿ (halli), Malayalam പല്ലി (palli), Tamil பல்லி (palli).

Noun

पाल • (pāl) (Latin script pal, Kannada script ಪಾಲ್)

1. house gecko

Marathi

Etymology

From Sanskrit पल्ली (pallī), borrowed from Proto-Dravidian. Cognate with Konkani पाल (pāl). Also compare Kannada ಪಲ್ಲಿ (palli), ಹಲ್ಲಿ (halli), Malayalam പല്ലി (palli), Tamil பல்லி (palli).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pal/

Noun

पाल • (pāl) f (plural पाली)

1. house gecko

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “पाल”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “पाल”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “पाल”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press

Nepali

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [päl]
• Phonetic Devanagari: पाल्

Noun

पाल • (pāl)

1. tent

   Synonym: तिरपाल (tirpāl)

2. sail

Derived terms

• पाल टाँग्नु [pāl ṭā̃gnu]
• पाल हाल्नु [pāl hālnu]

References

• “पाल”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary]‎^[1], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
• Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “पाल”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• pāla (Latin script)
• 𑀧𑀸𑀮 (Brahmi script)
• পাল (Bengali script)
• පාල (Sinhalese script)
• ပါလ or ပႃလ (Burmese script)
• ปาล or ปาละ (Thai script)
• ᨷᩤᩃ (Tai Tham script)
• ປາລ or ປາລະ (Lao script)
• បាល (Khmer script)
• 𑄛𑄂𑄣 (Chakma script)

Noun

पाल m

1. Devanagari script form of pāla

Declension

Declension table of "पाल" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	पालो (pālo)	पाला (pālā)
Accusative (second)	पालं (pālaṃ)	पाले (pāle)
Instrumental (third)	पालेन (pālena)	पालेहि (pālehi) or पालेभि (pālebhi)
Dative (fourth)	पालस्स (pālassa) or पालाय (pālāya) or पालत्थं (pālatthaṃ)	पालानं (pālānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	पालस्मा (pālasmā) or पालम्हा (pālamhā) or पाला (pālā)	पालेहि (pālehi) or पालेभि (pālebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	पालस्स (pālassa)	पालानं (pālānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	पालस्मिं (pālasmiṃ) or पालम्हि (pālamhi) or पाले (pāle)	पालेसु (pālesu)
Vocative (calling)	पाल (pāla)	पाला (pālā)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• পাল (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬵᬮ (Balinese script)
• পাল (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰯𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀸𑀮 (Brahmi script)
• ပါလ (Burmese script)
• પાલ (Gujarati script)
• ਪਾਲ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑌾𑌲 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦴꦭ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂰𑂪 (Kaithi script)
• ಪಾಲ (Kannada script)
• បាល (Khmer script)
• ປາລ (Lao script)
• പാല (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘰𑘩 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠠᢗᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧑𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐵𑐮 (Newa script)
• ପାଲ (Odia script)
• ꢦꢵꢭ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆳𑆬 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖯𑖩 (Siddham script)
• පාල (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩛𑩽 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚭𑚥 (Takri script)
• பால (Tamil script)
• పాల (Telugu script)
• ปาล (Thai script)
• པཱ་ལ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒰𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨊𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-

Sanskrit पा (pā)?

Proto-Indo-European *per-

Sanskrit पार (pāra)?

Sanskrit पाल (pāla)

Traditionally and folk-etymologically derived from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂-los and connected to पा (pā, “to protect”). However, Mayrhofer and Turner disagree, and consider the word an l-form of पार (pāra, “bringing across”), albeit with heavy semantic contamination from derivatives of पा.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pɑː.lɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈpɑː.l̪ɐ/

Noun

पाल • (pāla) stem, m

1. guard, protector, keeper
2. herdsman
3. protector of the earth, king, prince
4. (also n) a spitting spittoon (as "recipient" ?)
5. name of a serpent-demon of the race of vāsuki
6. name of a prince
7. (with भट्ट (bhaṭṭa)) name of an author

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of पाल (pāla)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पालः pālaḥ	पालौ / पाला¹ pālau / pālā¹	पालाः / पालासः¹ pālāḥ / pālāsaḥ¹
Vocative	पाल pāla	पालौ / पाला¹ pālau / pālā¹	पालाः / पालासः¹ pālāḥ / pālāsaḥ¹
Accusative	पालम् pālam	पालौ / पाला¹ pālau / pālā¹	पालान् pālān
Instrumental	पालेन pālena	पालाभ्याम् pālābhyām	पालैः / पालेभिः¹ pālaiḥ / pālebhiḥ¹
Dative	पालाय pālāya	पालाभ्याम् pālābhyām	पालेभ्यः pālebhyaḥ
Ablative	पालात् pālāt	पालाभ्याम् pālābhyām	पालेभ्यः pālebhyaḥ
Genitive	पालस्य pālasya	पालयोः pālayoḥ	पालानाम् pālānām
Locative	पाले pāle	पालयोः pālayoḥ	पालेषु pāleṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Neuter a-stem declension of पाल (pāla)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पालम् pālam	पाले pāle	पालानि / पाला¹ pālāni / pālā¹
Vocative	पाल pāla	पाले pāle	पालानि / पाला¹ pālāni / pālā¹
Accusative	पालम् pālam	पाले pāle	पालानि / पाला¹ pālāni / pālā¹
Instrumental	पालेन pālena	पालाभ्याम् pālābhyām	पालैः / पालेभिः¹ pālaiḥ / pālebhiḥ¹
Dative	पालाय pālāya	पालाभ्याम् pālābhyām	पालेभ्यः pālebhyaḥ
Ablative	पालात् pālāt	पालाभ्याम् pālābhyām	पालेभ्यः pālebhyaḥ
Genitive	पालस्य pālasya	पालयोः pālayoḥ	पालानाम् pālānām
Locative	पाले pāle	पालयोः pālayoḥ	पालेषु pāleṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• गोपाल (gopāla)
• धर्मपाल (dharmapāla)
• पाल् (pāl)
• भूपाल (bhūpāla)
• शिशुपाल (śiśupāla)

 

Descendants

• Hindi: -वाला (-vālā)
  • → English: wallah
• Bengali: -ওয়ালা (-ala)
• Pali: pāla
• Punjabi: ਵਾਲ਼ਾ (vāḷā)
• → Thai: บาล (baan)
  • ⇒ Thai: อนุบาล (à-nú-baan) (from अनुपाल (anupāla))
  • ⇒ Thai: อภิบาล (à-pí-baan) (from अभिपाल (abhipāla))
  • ⇒ Thai: บริบาล (bɔɔ-rí-baan) (from परिपाल (paripāla))

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899) “पाल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0622/3.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 124
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “pāláyati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press