पीठ

See also: पाठ and पेठ

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /piːʈʰ/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sanskrit पीठ (pīṭha).

Noun

पीठ • (pīṭh) m (Urdu spelling پیٹھ)

1. seat, bench, desk
2. base, plinth (of a statue)
3. altar
4. (Hinduism) seat of a deity

Declension

Declension of पीठ (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	पीठ pīṭh	पीठ pīṭh
oblique	पीठ pīṭh	पीठों pīṭhõ
vocative	पीठ pīṭh	पीठो pīṭho

Etymology 2

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞𑀺 (piṭṭhi), from Sanskrit पृष्ठ (pṛṣṭha), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥štʰás (“back”), from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥-sth₂-ós. Cognate with Punjabi ਪਿੱਠ (piṭṭh), Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬙𐬀 (paršta), Persian پشت (pošt, “back”), and Proto-Slavic *pьrstъ.

Noun

पीठ • (pīṭh) f (Urdu spelling پیٹھ)

1. back (rear of the body)

Declension

Declension of पीठ (fem cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	पीठ pīṭh	पीठें pīṭhẽ
oblique	पीठ pīṭh	पीठों pīṭhõ
vocative	पीठ pīṭh	पीठो pīṭho

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “pr̥ṣṭí”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi पीठ (pīṭha), Maharastri Prakrit 𑀧𑀺𑀝𑁆𑀞 (piṭṭha), from Sanskrit पिष्ट (piṣṭa). Cognate to Assamese পিঠা (pitha), Bengali পিঠা (piṭha), Kannada ಹಿಟ್ಟು (hiṭṭu), Konkani पिट्टि (piṭṭi), Odia ପିଠା (piṭhā).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /piʈʰ/, [piːʈʰ]

• Audio:

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Noun

पीठ • (pīṭh) n

1. flour
2. meal, except that of wheat

Declension

Declension of पीठ (neut cons-stem)
direct singular	पिठ piṭh
direct plural	पिठे, पिठं piṭhe, piṭha
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	पिठ piṭh		पिठे, पिठं piṭhe, piṭha
oblique सामान्यरूप	पिठा piṭhā		पिठां- piṭhān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	पिठाला piṭhālā		पिठांना piṭhānnā
ergative	पिठाने, पिठानं piṭhāne, piṭhāna		पिठांनी piṭhānnī
instrumental	पिठाशी piṭhāśī		पिठांशी piṭhānśī
locative सप्तमी	पिठात piṭhāt		पिठांत piṭhāt
vocative संबोधन	पिठा piṭhā		पिठांनो piṭhānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of पीठ (neut cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	पिठाचा piṭhāċā	पिठाचे piṭhāċe	पिठाची piṭhācī	पिठाच्या piṭhācā	पिठाचे, पिठाचं piṭhāċe, piṭhāċa	पिठाची piṭhācī	पिठाच्या piṭhācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	पिठांचा piṭhānċā	पिठांचे piṭhānċe	पिठांची piṭhāñcī	पिठांच्या piṭhāncā	पिठांचे, पिठांचं piṭhānċe, piṭhānċa	पिठांची piṭhāñcī	पिठांच्या piṭhāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

• पिठले (piṭhle, “a boiled and spicy sauce made of gram flour”)

 

See also

• कणीक (kaṇīk, “flour or meal which may be made of wheat”)

References

• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “पीठ”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Tulpule, Shankar Gopal; Feldhaus, Anne, “[1]”, in A Dictionary of Old Marathi, Mumbai: Popular Prakashan, 1999.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “piṣṭá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• pīṭha (Latin script)
• 𑀧𑀻𑀞 (Brahmi script)
• পীঠ (Bengali script)
• පීඨ (Sinhalese script)
• ပီဌ or ပဳဌ or ပီꩧ (Burmese script)
• ปีฐ or ปีฐะ (Thai script)
• ᨷᩦᨮ (Tai Tham script)
• ປີຐ or ປີຐະ (Lao script)
• បីឋ (Khmer script)
• 𑄛𑄩𑄒 (Chakma script)

Noun

पीठ n

1. Devanagari script form of pīṭha (“chair”)

Declension

Declension table of "पीठ" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	पीठं (pīṭhaṃ)	पीठानि (pīṭhāni)
Accusative (second)	पीठं (pīṭhaṃ)	पीठानि (pīṭhāni)
Instrumental (third)	पीठेन (pīṭhena)	पीठेहि (pīṭhehi) or पीठेभि (pīṭhebhi)
Dative (fourth)	पीठस्स (pīṭhassa) or पीठाय (pīṭhāya) or पीठत्थं (pīṭhatthaṃ)	पीठानं (pīṭhānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	पीठस्मा (pīṭhasmā) or पीठम्हा (pīṭhamhā) or पीठा (pīṭhā)	पीठेहि (pīṭhehi) or पीठेभि (pīṭhebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	पीठस्स (pīṭhassa)	पीठानं (pīṭhānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	पीठस्मिं (pīṭhasmiṃ) or पीठम्हि (pīṭhamhi) or पीठे (pīṭhe)	पीठेसु (pīṭhesu)
Vocative (calling)	पीठ (pīṭha)	पीठानि (pīṭhāni)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• পীঠ (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬷᬞ (Balinese script)
• পীঠ (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰱𑰙 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀻𑀞 (Brahmi script)
• ပီဌ (Burmese script)
• પીઠ (Gujarati script)
• ਪੀਠ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑍀𑌠 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦷꦜ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂲𑂘 (Kaithi script)
• ಪೀಠ (Kannada script)
• បីឋ (Khmer script)
• ປີຐ (Lao script)
• പീഠ (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᡳᡳᡱᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘲𑘙 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠢᠢᢍᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧓𑦹 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐷𑐛 (Newa script)
• ପୀଠ (Odia script)
• ꢦꢷꢝ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆵𑆜 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖱𑖙 (Siddham script)
• පීඨ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩑𑩛𑩧 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚯𑚕 (Takri script)
• பீட² (Tamil script)
• పీఠ (Telugu script)
• ปีฐ (Thai script)
• པཱི་ཋ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒲𑒚 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨁𑨊𑨕 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Likely a substrate borrowing, as evidenced by phonetic variants which were precursors to derivatives in modern descendants.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /piː.ʈʰɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈpiː.ʈʰɐ/

Noun

पीठ • (pīṭha) stem, n

1. seat, bench, desk, stool, chair
2. a religious student's seat (made properly of Kuśa grass)
3. case, pedestal (esp. of an idol)
4. royal seat, throne
5. place, office
6. base, plinth (of a statue)
7. altar
8. (religious) seat of a deity
9. a district, province
10. a particular posture in sitting
11. (geometry) the complement of a segment

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of पीठ (pīṭha)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पीठम् pīṭham	पीठे pīṭhe	पीठानि / पीठा¹ pīṭhāni / pīṭhā¹
Vocative	पीठ pīṭha	पीठे pīṭhe	पीठानि / पीठा¹ pīṭhāni / pīṭhā¹
Accusative	पीठम् pīṭham	पीठे pīṭhe	पीठानि / पीठा¹ pīṭhāni / pīṭhā¹
Instrumental	पीठेन pīṭhena	पीठाभ्याम् pīṭhābhyām	पीठैः / पीठेभिः¹ pīṭhaiḥ / pīṭhebhiḥ¹
Dative	पीठाय pīṭhāya	पीठाभ्याम् pīṭhābhyām	पीठेभ्यः pīṭhebhyaḥ
Ablative	पीठात् pīṭhāt	पीठाभ्याम् pīṭhābhyām	पीठेभ्यः pīṭhebhyaḥ
Genitive	पीठस्य pīṭhasya	पीठयोः pīṭhayoḥ	पीठानाम् pīṭhānām
Locative	पीठे pīṭhe	पीठयोः pīṭhayoḥ	पीठेषु pīṭheṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Pali: pīṭha
• → Hindi: पीठ (pīṭh) (learned)
• → Telugu: పీఠము (pīṭhamu) (learned)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “पीठ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 629/1.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 136
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎^[3] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 291

Further reading

• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “pīṭha”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.