侵略
Appearance
Chinese
[edit]| to invade; to infringe; to approach | plan; strategy; outline plan; strategy; outline; summary; slightly; rather; to rob; to plunder; to summarize | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (侵略) | 侵 | 略 | |
| simp. #(侵略) | 侵 | 略 | |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cam1 loek6
- Hakka
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cing1 lyorh7 / cing1 lyoeh7
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): chhim-lio̍k / chhim-lia̍k
- (Teochew, Peng'im): cim5 liag8
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin: qīnlüè
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣ ㄌㄩㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cinlyuè
- Wade–Giles: chʻin1-lüeh4
- Yale: chīn-lywè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chinliueh
- Palladius: циньлюэ (cinʹljue)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ ly̯ɛ⁵¹/
- Homophones:
侵掠
侵略
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: cam1 loek6
- Yale: chām leuhk
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsam1 loek9
- Guangdong Romanization: cem1 lêg6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɐm⁵⁵ lœːk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhîm-lio̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: qimˊ liog
- Hagfa Pinyim: qim1 liog6
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰim²⁴⁻¹¹ li̯ok̚⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: cimˋ liogˋ
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰim⁵³ liok²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: cing1 lyorh7 [Phonetic: cing5 lyorh7]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ching-lio̤̍h
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ lyɒʔ⁴/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: cing1 lyoeh7 [Phonetic: cing5 lyoeh7]
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ lyøʔ⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhim-lio̍k
- Tâi-lô: tshim-lio̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: chimliok
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰim⁴⁴⁻²² liɔk̚⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰim⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔk̚⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰim³³ liɔk̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhim-lia̍k
- Tâi-lô: tshim-lia̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: chimliak
- Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰim⁴⁴⁻²² liak̚¹²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: cim5 liag8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshîm lia̍k
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰim⁵⁵⁻¹¹ liak̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
Verb
[edit]侵略

- (transitive) to invade (to enter a region by force); to commit aggression
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Japanese
[edit]| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 侵 | 略 |
| しん Grade: S |
りゃく Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi | |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 侵掠 |
Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 侵略する
| Plain | 侵略する | しんりゃく・する | [shìńryákú sùrú] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conjunctive | 侵略して | しんりゃく・して | [shìńryákú shìté] |
| Perfective | 侵略した | しんりゃく・した | [shìńryákú shìtá] |
| Negative | 侵略しない | しんりゃく・しない | [shìńryákú shìnáí] |
| Negative perfective | 侵略しなかった | しんりゃく・しなかった | [shìńryákú shìnáꜜkàttà] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 侵略すれば | しんりゃく・すれば | [shìńryákú sùréꜜbà] |
| Past conditional | 侵略したら | しんりゃく・したら | [shìńryákú shìtáꜜrà] |
| Imperative | 侵略しろ 侵略せよ |
しんりゃく・しろ しんりゃく・せよ |
[shìńryákú shìró] [shìńryákú séꜜyò] |
| Volitional | 侵略しよう | しんりゃく・しよー | [shìńryákú shìyóꜜò] |
| Desiderative | 侵略したい | しんりゃく・したい | [shìńryákú shìtáí] |
| Formal | 侵略します | しんりゃく・します | [shìńryákú shìmáꜜsù] |
| Formal negative | 侵略しません | しんりゃく・しません | [shìńryákú shìmáséꜜǹ] |
| Formal volitional | 侵略しましょう | しんりゃく・しましょー | [shìńryákú shìmáshóꜜò] |
| Formal perfective | 侵略しました | しんりゃく・しました | [shìńryákú shìmáꜜshìtà] |
| Continuative | 侵略し 侵略しに |
しんりゃく・し しんりゃく・しに |
[shìńryákú shì] [shìńryákú shì ní] |
| Negative continuative | 侵略せず 侵略せずに |
しんりゃく・せず しんりゃく・せずに |
[shìńryákú séꜜzù] [shìńryákú séꜜzù nì] |
| Passive | 侵略される | しんりゃく・される | [shìńryákú sàrérú] |
| Causative | 侵略させる 侵略さす |
しんりゃく・させる しんりゃく・さす |
[shìńryákú sàsérú] [shìńryákú sàsú] |
| Potential | 侵略できる | しんりゃく・できる | [shìńryákú dèkíꜜrù] |
Noun
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Verb
[edit]侵略する • (shinryaku suru) suru (stem 侵略し (shinryaku shi), past 侵略した (shinryaku shita))
- to invade
Conjugation
[edit]| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 侵略し | しんりゃくし | shinryaku shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 侵略し | しんりゃくし | shinryaku shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 侵略する | しんりゃくする | shinryaku suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 侵略する | しんりゃくする | shinryaku suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 侵略すれ | しんりゃくすれ | shinryaku sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 侵略せよ¹ 侵略しろ² |
しんりゃくせよ¹ しんりゃくしろ² |
shinryaku seyo¹ shinryaku shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 侵略される | しんりゃくされる | shinryaku sareru |
| Causative | 侵略させる 侵略さす |
しんりゃくさせる しんりゃくさす |
shinryaku saseru shinryaku sasu |
| Potential | 侵略できる | しんりゃくできる | shinryaku dekiru |
| Volitional | 侵略しよう | しんりゃくしよう | shinryaku shiyō |
| Negative | 侵略しない | しんりゃくしない | shinryaku shinai |
| Negative continuative | 侵略せず | しんりゃくせず | shinryaku sezu |
| Formal | 侵略します | しんりゃくします | shinryaku shimasu |
| Perfective | 侵略した | しんりゃくした | shinryaku shita |
| Conjunctive | 侵略して | しんりゃくして | shinryaku shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 侵略すれば | しんりゃくすれば | shinryaku sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
[edit]- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- “侵略”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
[edit]| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 侵 | 略 |
Noun
[edit]- hanja form? of 침략 (“aggression; invasion”)
Vietnamese
[edit]| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 侵 | 略 |
Noun
[edit]侵略
- chữ Hán form of xâm lược (“aggression; invasion”)
Verb
[edit]侵略
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