勞動

See also: 労働 and 劳动

Chinese

		toil	to move; to change; to use to move; to change; to use; to act
trad. (勞動)		勞	動
simp. (劳动)		劳	动

Etymology

Attestable in pre-Qin texts in the sense, "to do (physical) exercise" and "physical work; toil", and in literary Chinese as an expression of politeness. For the modern sense of "labor", wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 勞働(ろうどう) (rōdō).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): láodòng

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄠˊ ㄉㄨㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lou⁴ dung⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lò-thung
• Eastern Min (BUC): lò̤-dông
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): lô-tōng / lô͘-tǒng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): lao⁵ dong⁶

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶lau-don

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: láodòng
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˊ ㄉㄨㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: láodòng
    • Wade–Giles: lao²-tung⁴
    • Yale: láu-dùng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: laudonq
    • Palladius: лаодун (laodun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɑʊ̯³⁵ tʊŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: lou⁴ dung⁶
    • Yale: lòuh duhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lou⁴ dung⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: lou⁴ dung⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lou̯²¹ tʊŋ²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lò-thung
    • Hakka Romanization System: loˇ tung
    • Hagfa Pinyim: lo² tung⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /lo¹¹ tʰuŋ⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: lò̤-dông
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃o⁵³⁻²¹ ^(t-)louŋ²⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô-tōng
    • Tâi-lô: lô-tōng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: loi'dong
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lo¹³⁻²² tɔŋ²²/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lo²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lo²⁴⁻¹¹ tɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɤ²³⁻³³ tɔŋ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô͘-tǒng
    • Tâi-lô: lôo-tǒng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lɔ²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ²²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: lao⁵ dong⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lâu tŏng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lau⁵⁵⁻¹¹ toŋ³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶lau-don
    • MiniDict: lau^去 don
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³lau-don
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /lɔ²² doŋ⁴⁴/

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 勞動

1. physical work; toil

   熱愛勞動／热爱劳动  ―  rè'ài láodòng  ―  to love physical work

2. labor

   勞動仲裁／劳动仲裁  ―  láodòng zhòngcái  ―  labor arbitration

Verb

勞動

1. to do physical work; to toil
2. to perform labor
3. (archaic) to do physical exercise

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (勞動):

• → Japanese: 労働(ろうどう) (rōdō)
• → Korean: 로동(勞動) (rodong), 노동(勞動) (nodong)
• → Vietnamese: lao động (勞動)

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): láodong

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄠˊ ˙ㄉㄨㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lou⁴ dung⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): lô-tōng

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: láodong
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˊ ˙ㄉㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: láodo̊ng
    • Wade–Giles: lao²-tung⁵
    • Yale: láu-dung
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lau.dong
    • Palladius: лаодун (laodun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɑʊ̯³⁵ d̥ʊŋ³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: lou⁴ dung⁶
    • Yale: lòuh duhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lou⁴ dung⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: lou⁴ dung⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lou̯²¹ tʊŋ²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô-tōng
    • Tâi-lô: lô-tōng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: loi'dong
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɤ²³⁻³³ tɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lo²⁴⁻¹¹ tɔŋ³³/

Verb

勞動

1. (polite, colloquial, dated) to bother or trouble someone; to politely request someone to do something

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
勞	動
ろう Hyōgaiji	どう Grade: 3
on’yomi

Noun

1. Kyūjitai form of 労働: labour; labor

Verb

勞(ろう)動(どう)する • (rōdō suru) suru (stem 勞(ろう)動(どう)し (rōdō shi), past 勞(ろう)動(どう)した (rōdō shita))

1. Kyūjitai form of 労働: perform work, labor

Conjugation

Conjugation of "勞動する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	勞動し	ろうどうし	rōdō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	勞動し	ろうどうし	rōdō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	勞動する	ろうどうする	rōdō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	勞動する	ろうどうする	rōdō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	勞動すれ	ろうどうすれ	rōdō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	勞動せよ¹ 勞動しろ²	ろうどうせよ¹ ろうどうしろ²	rōdō seyo¹ rōdō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	勞動される	ろうどうされる	rōdō sareru
Causative	勞動させる 勞動さす	ろうどうさせる ろうどうさす	rōdō saseru rōdō sasu
Potential	勞動できる	ろうどうできる	rōdō dekiru
Volitional	勞動しよう	ろうどうしよう	rōdō shiyō
Negative	勞動しない	ろうどうしない	rōdō shinai
Negative continuative	勞動せず	ろうどうせず	rōdō sezu
Formal	勞動します	ろうどうします	rōdō shimasu
Perfective	勞動した	ろうどうした	rōdō shita
Conjunctive	勞動して	ろうどうして	rōdō shite
Hypothetical conditional	勞動すれば	ろうどうすれば	rōdō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

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Korean

Hanja in this term
勞	動

Noun

勞動 • (rodong) (hangeul 로동)

1. Hanja form^? of 로동 (“labour ("North Korea")”).

Noun

勞動 • (nodong) (hangeul 노동)

1. Hanja form^? of 노동 (“labour ("South Korea")”).

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Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
勞	動

Noun

勞動

1. Template:han tu form of