天狗

Chinese

		day; sky; heaven	dog
simp. and trad. (天狗)		天	狗

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tiāngǒu

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢ ㄍㄡˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tin¹ gau²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): thiên-kiéu
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): thian-káu

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tiāngǒu
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢ ㄍㄡˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tiangǒu
    • Wade–Giles: tʻien¹-kou³
    • Yale: tyān-gǒu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tiangoou
    • Palladius: тяньгоу (tjanʹgou)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ koʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: tin¹ gau²
    • Yale: tīn gáu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tin¹ gau²
    • Guangdong Romanization: tin¹ geo²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiːn⁵⁵ kɐu̯³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thiên-kiéu
    • Hakka Romanization System: tien^ˊ gieu^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: tian¹ gieu³
    • Sinological IPA: /tʰi̯en²⁴ ki̯eu̯³¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thian-káu
    • Tâi-lô: thian-káu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tienkao
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kau⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiɛn³³ kau⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kau⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kau⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kau⁴¹/

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 天狗

1. (Chinese mythology) tiangou
2. (Japanese mythology, Shinto, folklore) tengu

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (天狗):

• → Japanese: 天狗(てんぐ) (tengu)
• → Korean: 천구(天狗) (cheon'gu)
• → Vietnamese: thiên cẩu (天狗)

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

天狗 (tengu): a large tengu mask.

Kanji in this term
天	狗
てん Grade: 1	く > ぐ Hyōgai
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 天狗 (MC then kuwX, “heaven + dog”). First appears in the Nihon Shoki (720 CE).

The Chinese version of tengu (Tiangou) was originally more of a dog-like spirit or falling star. As the term and idea were imported into Japanese, the character became associated with 修験道 (“Shugendō, a kind of syncretism of Buddhist and native Japanese elements”), and the Japanese tengu changed to resemble either a long-nosed 山伏 (yamabushi, “mountain monk”, a practitioner of Shugendō) with bright-red skin, or a crow.

Noun

天(てん)狗(ぐ) • (tengu) 

1. (Japanese mythology, Shinto, folklore) a tengu, a mythical Japanese creature, typically birdlike and having a long nose
   • 1999 September 23, “カラス天(てん)狗(ぐ) [Crow Tengu]”, in Vol.5, Konami:

     様(さま)々(ざま)なことを知(し)っている天(てん)狗(ぐ)。神(じん)通(つう)力(りき)が使(つか)えるという。

     Samazama na koto o shitte iru tengu. Jintsūriki ga tsukaeru to iu.

     An omniscient tengu. They say it uses divine power.

2. (figurative) a yamabushi
3. (Noh) a tengu mask
4. (historical) the Christian devil
5. (figurative, from the tengu's long nose) pridefulness; someone who is very prideful, boastful, or full of oneself (compare English look down one's nose)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 天(てん)狗(ぐ)鮫(ざめ) (tenguzame): Mitsukurina owstoni, the goblin shark
• 天(てん)狗(ぐ)猿(ざる) (tenguzaru): Nasalis larvatus, the proboscis monkey
• 天(てん)狗(ぐ)貝(がい) (tengugai): Chicoreus ramosus, the ramose murex or branched murex
• 天(てん)狗(ぐ)鍬(くわ)形(がた) (tengu kuwagata): Veronica serpyllifolia, the thyme-leaved speedwell or thymeleaf speedwell
• 天(てん)狗(ぐ)根(こん)性(じょう) (tengukonjō): a self-centered personality, a prideful or boastful disposition
• 天(てん)狗(ぐ)酒(ざけ) (tenguzake): a feast, banquet, or party with lots of alcohol; a drinking party
• 天(てん)狗(ぐ)星(せい) (tengusei): a kind of shooting star, one that includes a loud sound and a bright light
• 天(てん)狗(ぐ)巣(す) (tengusu): literally “tengu nest”, a place on a tree where many small branches grow
• 天(てん)狗(ぐ)巣(す)病(よう) (tengusuyō): literally “tengu nest disease”, a microbial infection of cherry and other trees that causes a cluster of many small branches and knots
• 天(てん)狗(ぐ)茸(たけ) (tengutake): Amanita pantherina, the poisonous panther cap or false blusher mushroom

Descendants

• → Chinese: 天狗 (tiāngǒu) (reborrowed for the Japanese sense)
• → English: tengu
• → French: tengu
• → Korean: 텐구 (ten'gu)
• → Russian: тэнгу (tɛngu)