妖怪
Chinese
goblin; witch; devil goblin; witch; devil; bewitching; enchanting; monster; phantom |
queer; to blame | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (妖怪) | 妖 | 怪 | |
simp. #(妖怪) | 妖 | 怪 |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu1 gwaai3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yêu-koai
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): iau-koài
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄠ ㄍㄨㄞˋ → ㄧㄠ ˙ㄍㄨㄞ (toneless final syllable variant)
- Tongyong Pinyin: yaoguåi
- Wade–Giles: yao1-kuai5
- Yale: yāu-gwai
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iau.guay
- Palladius: яогуай (jaoguaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ku̯aɪ̯⁵¹/ → /jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ g̊u̯aɪ̯²/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: jiu1 gwaai3
- Yale: yīu gwaai
- Cantonese Pinyin: jiu1 gwaai3
- Guangdong Romanization: yiu1 guai3
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiːu̯⁵⁵ kʷaːi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yêu-koai
- Hakka Romanization System: ieuˊ guai
- Hagfa Pinyim: yeu1 guai4
- Sinological IPA: /i̯eu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ ku̯ai̯⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yêu-koai
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)ieuˊ guai
- Hagfa Pinyim: yeu1 guai4
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯eu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ ku̯ai̯⁵⁵/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Southern Min
Noun
(deprecated template usage) 妖怪
Synonyms
Descendants
Japanese
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
妖 | 怪 |
よう Grade: S |
かい Grade: S |
on'yomi |
Etymology
*/ɨeu kʷæi/ → /jeukʷai/ → /joːkai/
From Middle Chinese compound 妖怪 (MC 'jew kweajH, literally “strange, supernatural + extraordinary”).
Compare modern Mandarin 妖怪 (yāoguài).
Pronunciation
Lua error in Module:parameters at line 797: Parameter "yomi" is not used by this template.
Adjective
妖怪 • (yōkai) ←えうくわい (eukwai)?-na (adnominal 妖怪な (yōkai na), adverbial 妖怪に (yōkai ni))
Inflection
Inflection of 妖怪
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 妖怪だろ | ようかいだろ | yōkai daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 妖怪で | ようかいで | yōkai de |
Terminal (終止形) | 妖怪だ | ようかいだ | yōkai da |
Attributive (連体形) | 妖怪な | ようかいな | yōkai na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 妖怪なら | ようかいなら | yōkai nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 妖怪であれ | ようかいであれ | yōkai de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 妖怪ではない 妖怪じゃない |
ようかいではない ようかいじゃない |
yōkai de wa nai yōkai ja nai |
Informal past | 妖怪だった | ようかいだった | yōkai datta |
Informal negative past | 妖怪ではなかった 妖怪じゃなかった |
ようかいではなかった ようかいじゃなかった |
yōkai de wa nakatta yōkai ja nakatta |
Formal | 妖怪です | ようかいです | yōkai desu |
Formal negative | 妖怪ではありません 妖怪じゃありません |
ようかいではありません ようかいじゃありません |
yōkai de wa arimasen yōkai ja arimasen |
Formal past | 妖怪でした | ようかいでした | yōkai deshita |
Formal negative past | 妖怪ではありませんでした 妖怪じゃありませんでした |
ようかいではありませんでした ようかいじゃありませんでした |
yōkai de wa arimasen deshita yōkai ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 妖怪で | ようかいで | yōkai de |
Conditional | 妖怪なら(ば) | ようかいなら(ば) | yōkai nara (ba) |
Provisional | 妖怪だったら | ようかいだったら | yōkai dattara |
Volitional | 妖怪だろう | ようかいだろう | yōkai darō |
Adverbial | 妖怪に | ようかいに | yōkai ni |
Degree | 妖怪さ | ようかいさ | yōkaisa |
Noun
Usage notes
- The Japanese concept of the yōkai does not map directly to any specific English term.
Synonyms
Derived terms
- 妖怪変化 (yōkai henge, “monstrous apparition”)
References
Korean
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
妖 | 怪 |
Noun
Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
妖 | 怪 |
Noun
妖怪
Categories:
- Mandarin words containing toneless variants
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 妖
- Chinese terms spelled with 怪
- zh:Chinese mythology
- zh:Mythological creatures
- Japanese terms spelled with 妖 read as よう
- Japanese terms spelled with 怪 read as かい
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese adjectives
- Japanese terms historically spelled with わ
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese な-na adjectives
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese dated terms
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese nouns
- ja:Mythological creatures
- Korean lemmas
- Korean nouns
- Korean nouns in Han script
- Korean hanja forms
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese nouns
- Vietnamese nouns in Han script
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán