按

Translingual

Han character

按 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 手十女 (QJV), four-corner 5304₄, composition ⿰扌安)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 429, character 26
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12038
• Dae Jaweon: page 779, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1876, character 1
• Unihan data for U+6309

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Chinese

trad.		按
simp. #		按

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (安) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
安	*qaːn
鞍	*qaːn
鞌	*qaːn
侒	*qaːn
按	*qaːns
案	*qaːns
洝	*qaːns
荌	*qaːns
晏	*qaːns, *qraːns
鴳	*qraːns
騴	*qraːns
鷃	*qraːns
頞	*qaːd
胺	*qaːd
咹	*qaːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qaːns) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 安 (OC *qaːn).

Etymology

Exoactive of 安 (OC *qaːn, “be calm”), lit. "cause to be settled, calmed".

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): àn (an⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): on³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): on
• Eastern Min (BUC): áng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): àn / án

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ang³

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁵oe

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: àn
    • Zhuyin: ㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: àn
    • Wade–Giles: an⁴
    • Yale: àn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ann
    • Palladius: ань (anʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: on³
    • Yale: on
    • Cantonese Pinyin: on³
    • Guangdong Romanization: on³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɔːn³³/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: on
    • Hakka Romanization System: on
    • Hagfa Pinyim: on⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /on⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: áng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɑŋ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: àn / án
    • Tâi-lô: àn / án
    • Phofsit Daibuun: axn, arn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /an²¹/, /an⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /an⁴¹/, /an⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /an²¹/, /an⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /an¹¹/, /an⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /an²¹/, /an⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ang³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: àng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /aŋ²¹³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁵oe
    • MiniDict: oe^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²oe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ø³⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: 'anH

Rime
Character	按
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏旰切
Baxter	'anH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔanH/
Li Rong	/ʔɑnH/
Wang Li	/ɑnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	àn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	on3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔˤa[n]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qaːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	按
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	àn
Middle Chinese	‹ ʔanH ›
Old Chinese	/*ʔˁa[n]-s/
English	repress
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	按
Reading #	1/1
No.	15
Phonetic component	安
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	按
Old Chinese	/*qaːns/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 按

1. to push (with hands); to press

   按鈕／按钮  ―  ànniǔ  ―  to press a button

2. to put aside
3. to restrain
4. to check against
5. to make comments; to write notes
6. (Malaysia, Singapore) to withdraw (money)
7. according to; referring to; following

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

按

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: あん (an)
• Kan-on: あん (an)
• Kun: おさえる (osaeru, 按える); しらべる (shiraberu, 按べる)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
按
あん Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 按 (MC 'anH).

Affix

按(あん) • (an) 

1. push (with hands); press
2. examine; investigate

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Korean

Hanja

按 • (an, al) (hangeul 안, 알, revised an, al, McCune–Reischauer an, al, Yale an, al)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 按 (án, ấn, ướn)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.