換

See also: 换

Translingual

Han character

換 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 手弓月大 (QNBK), four-corner 5703₄, composition ⿰扌奐)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 442, character 14
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12358
• Dae Jaweon: page 793, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 3, page 1922, character 4
• Unihan data for U+63DB

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Chinese

trad.		換
simp.		换

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (奐) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
渙	*qʰʷaːds, *qʰʷaːns
瘓	*tqʰʷaːnʔ
喚	*qʰʷaːns
煥	*qʰʷaːns
奐	*qʰʷaːns
寏	*ɢʷaːn
換	*ɢʷaːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷaːns) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 奐 (OC *qʰʷaːns).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): huàn (huan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wun⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): von

  (Meixian, Guangdong): von⁴

• Northern Min (KCR): hūing
• Eastern Min (BUC): uâng
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ōaⁿ / hoān / hoàn

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: huàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: huàn
    • Wade–Giles: huan⁴
    • Yale: hwàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huann
    • Palladius: хуань (xuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯än⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: wun⁶
    • Yale: wuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wun⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: wun⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuːn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: von
    • Hakka Romanization System: von
    • Hagfa Pinyim: von⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /von⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: von⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /ʋɔn⁵³/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hūing
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xuiŋ⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: uâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /uɑŋ²⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ōaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: uānn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: voa
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /uã²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /uã³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /uã⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoān
    • Tâi-lô: huān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoan
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /huan⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /huan²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /huan³³/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoàn
    • Tâi-lô: huàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoaxn
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /huan²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /huan¹¹/

Note:

• ōaⁿ - vernacular;
• hoān/hoàn - literary.

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 換
Mandarin	Beijing	/xuan⁵¹/
	Harbin	/xuan⁵³/
	Tianjin	/xuan⁵³/
	Jinan	/xuã²¹/
	Qingdao	/xuã⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/xuan³¹²/
	Xi'an	/xuã⁴⁴/
	Xining	/xuã²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/xuan¹³/
	Lanzhou	/xuɛ̃n¹³/
	Ürümqi	/xuan²¹³/
	Wuhan	/xuan³⁵/
	Chengdu	/xuan¹³/
	Guiyang	/xuan²¹³/
	Kunming	/xuã̠²¹²/
	Nanjing	/xuaŋ⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/xʊ̃⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/xuæ̃⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/xuɑŋ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/xuæ̃⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦue²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦuø³¹/
	Hangzhou	/ɦuõ¹³/
	Wenzhou	/va²²/
Hui	Shexian	/xuɛ²²/ /uɛ²²/
	Tunxi	/uːə¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/xõ⁵⁵/ /xõ¹¹/
	Xiangtan	/ɦɔn²¹/
Gan	Nanchang	/uɵn²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/von⁵³/
	Taoyuan	/von⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/wun²²/
	Nanning	/wun²²/
	Hong Kong	/wun²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/huan²²/ /uã²²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/uɑŋ²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/xuiŋ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/huaŋ²¹³/ /uã³¹/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/huaŋ³⁵/ /ua²³/

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• Middle Chinese: hwanH

Rime
Character	換
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡玩切
Baxter	hwanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwanH/
Li Rong	/ɣuɑnH/
Wang Li	/ɣuɑnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wun6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷˤa[n]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷaːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	換
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	huàn
Middle Chinese	‹ hwanH ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷˁa[n]-s/
English	change
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	換
Reading #	1/1
No.	5360
Phonetic component	奐
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	換
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷaːns/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 換

1. to change; to swap; to switch; to substitute

   政府換咗人又點啫？ [Cantonese, trad.]
   政府换咗人又点啫？ [Cantonese, simp.]

   zing³ fu² wun⁶ zo² jan⁴ jau⁶ dim² ze¹? [Jyutping]

   OK, the head of government has changed; so what?

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

換

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. to interchange

Readings

• Go-on: がん (gan)^{←ぐわん (gwan, historical)}
• Kan-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)^{←くわん (kwan, historical)}
• Kun: かえる (kaeru, 換える, Jōyō); かわる (kawaru, 換わる, Jōyō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
換
かん Grade: S
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 換 (MC hwanH).

Affix

換(かん) • (kan) ^{←くわん (kwan)?}

1. to exchange

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Korean

Hanja

換 • (hwan) (hangeul 환)

1. change, exchange
2. substitute

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 換 (hoán)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.