曝

Translingual

Han character

曝 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+15, 19 strokes, cangjie input 日日廿水 (AATE), four-corner 6603₂, composition ⿰日暴)

Related characters

• 爆

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 501, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14239
• Dae Jaweon: page 871, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1540, character 13
• Unihan data for U+66DD

---

Chinese

simp. and trad.		曝

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (暴) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
暴	*boːwɢs, *boːɡ
曝	*boːwɢs, *boːɡ
瀑	*boːwɢs, *boːɡ
虣	*boːwɢs
爆	*proːwɢs, *poːwɢ, *proːwɢ
襮	*poːwɢ, *poːwɢ
嚗	*proːwɢ
謈	*pʰroːwɢ, *broːwɢ
犦	*broːwɢ, *poːwɢ
懪	*broːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *boːwɢs, *boːɡ) : semantic 日 (“sun”) + phonetic 暴 (OC *boːwɢs, *boːɡ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pù, bào (pu⁴, bao⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄨˋ, ㄅㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): buk⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pha̍k / pho̍k / po̍k

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pù
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pù
    • Wade–Giles: pʻu⁴
    • Yale: pù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: puh
    • Palladius: пу (pu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰu⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bào
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bào
    • Wade–Giles: pao⁴
    • Yale: bàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baw
    • Palladius: бао (bao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Note: bào - standard in Mainland in 曝光 (bàoguāng).

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: buk⁶
    • Yale: buhk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: buk⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: bug⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʊk̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pha̍k
    • Tâi-lô: pha̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phak
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰak̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰak̚⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰak̚¹²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pho̍k
    • Tâi-lô: pho̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phok
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰɔk̚¹²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: po̍k
    • Tâi-lô: po̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pok
    • IPA (Xiamen): /pɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɔk̚¹²¹/

Note:

• pha̍k - vernacular;
• pho̍k/po̍k - literary.

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 曝
Mandarin	Beijing	/pʰu⁵¹/ /pau⁵¹/
	Harbin	/pau⁵³/
	Tianjin	/pʰu⁵³/
	Jinan	/pɔ²¹/
	Qingdao	/pɔ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/pʰu⁵³/
	Xi'an	/pau⁴⁴/
	Xining	/pʰv̩⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/pʰu¹³/
	Lanzhou	/pɔ¹³/ /pʰu¹³/
	Ürümqi	/pʰu⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/pʰu²¹³/
	Chengdu	/pʰu³¹/ /pau¹³/
	Guiyang	/pao²¹³/
	Kunming	/pʰu³¹/
	Nanjing	/pɔo⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/pʰəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/pau⁵³/
	Pingyao
	Hohhot	/pɔ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/boʔ¹/ /bɔ²³/
	Suzhou	/boʔ³/
	Hangzhou	/boʔ²/
	Wenzhou	/bo²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/pʰɔ²²/
	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/pʰu²⁴/
	Xiangtan	/pʰu²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/pʰuk̚⁵/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/pok̚²/
	Nanning	/pɔk̚²²/
	Hong Kong	/pok̚²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/pɔk̚⁵/ /pʰak̚⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/pʰuoʔ⁵/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/pʰu⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/pʰak̚⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ʔbau³³/ /fak̚³/

---

• Middle Chinese: bawH, buwk

Rime
Character	曝	曝
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)	屋 (3)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	薄報切	蒲木切
Baxter	bawH	buwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɑuH/	/buk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/bɑuH/	/buk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/bɑuH/	/buk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bawH/	/bəwk̚/
Li Rong	/bɑuH/	/buk̚/
Wang Li	/bɑuH/	/buk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱɑuH/	/bʱuk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bào	bú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bou6	buk6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-pˤawk/

  (Zhengzhang): /*boːwɢs/, /*boːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	曝
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	pù
Middle Chinese	‹ buwk ›
Old Chinese	/*m-pˁawk/
English	expose to the sun
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	曝	曝
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	331	344
Phonetic component	暴	暴
Rime group	貌	屋
Rime subdivision	3	0
Corresponding MC rime	暴	暴
Old Chinese	/*boːwɢs/	/*boːɡ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 曝

1. to sun; to air in the sun; to expose or dry in the sun
2. to expose; to reveal

---

Japanese

Kanji

曝

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: ぼく (boku)
• Kan-on: ほく (hoku)
• Kan’yō-on: ばく (baku)
• Kun: さらす (sarasu, 曝す)

Compounds

Compounds

• 曝白(ばくはく) (bakuhaku): whitening in exposure to the sun

---

Korean

Hanja

曝 • (po, pok) (hangeul 포, 폭, revised po, pok, McCune–Reischauer p'o, p'ok, Yale pho, phok)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Vietnamese

Han character

曝: Hán Nôm readings: bộc

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation