柱

Translingual

Han character

柱 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木卜土 (DYG), four-corner 4091₄, composition ⿰木主)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 520, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14660
• Dae Jaweon: page 908, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1188, character 1
• Unihan data for U+67F1

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		柱

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (主) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
飳	*tʰoːʔ
妵	*tʰoːʔ
黈	*tʰoːʔ
蘣	*tʰoːʔ
罜	*doːɡ, *tjos
拄	*toʔ
柱	*toʔ, *doʔ
駐	*tos
註	*tos, *tjos
鉒	*tos
軴	*tos
住	*tos, *dos
跓	*doʔ
嵀	*doʔ
主	*tjoʔ
麈	*tjoʔ
宔	*tjoʔ
炷	*tjoʔ, *tjos
注	*tjos
疰	*tjos
蛀	*tjos
霔	*tjos

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhù (zhu⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cyu⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhû
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tū / tǔ / chū / chǔ / thiāu / thiǎu

  (Teochew, Peng'im): tiao⁶ / tiou⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhù
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhù
    • Wade–Giles: chu⁴
    • Yale: jù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juh
    • Palladius: чжу (čžu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cyu⁵
    • Yale: chyúh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsy⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: qu⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰyː¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhû
    • Hakka Romanization System: cu´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cu¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰu²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tū
    • Tâi-lô: tū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: du
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tu³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tu²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tǔ
    • Tâi-lô: tǔ
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tu²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū
    • Tâi-lô: tsū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zu
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡su³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡su²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chǔ
    • Tâi-lô: tsǔ
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡su²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiāu
    • Tâi-lô: thiāu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tiau
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰiau²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tʰiau³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiǎu
    • Tâi-lô: thiǎu
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiau²²/

Note:

• tū/tǔ, chū/chǔ - literary;
• thiāu/thiǎu - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: tiao⁶ / tiou⁶
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thiău / thiŏu
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiau³⁵/, /tʰiou³⁵/

Note:

• tiao6 - Shantou;
• tiou6 - Chaozhou.

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 柱
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/
	Tianjin	/ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/ /t͡su⁵³/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂu²¹/
	Qingdao	/tʃu⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂu³¹²/
	Xi'an	/p͡fu⁴⁴/
	Xining	/ʈ͡ʂv̩²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂu¹³/
	Lanzhou	/p͡fu¹³/
	Ürümqi	/ʈ͡ʂu²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕy³⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡su¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡su²¹³/
	Kunming	/ʈ͡ʂu²¹²/
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂu⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/ʈ͡ʂu⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡su⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡sz̩ʷ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡su⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/zz̩²³/
	Suzhou	/zz̩ʷ³¹/
	Hangzhou	/d͡zz̩ʷ¹³/
	Wenzhou	/d͡zz̩³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰy³⁵/
	Tunxi	/t͡ɕʰy²⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕy⁵⁵/ /t͡ɕy¹¹/
	Xiangtan	/d͡ʑy²¹/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡ɕʰy²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sʰu⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/tʃʰu²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sʰy²³/
	Nanning	/t͡sʰy²⁴/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sʰy¹³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/t͡su²²/ /tʰiau²²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/tʰiɛu²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/tʰiu⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/tʰiau³⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/tu³³/ /hiau³³/

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• Middle Chinese: drjuX, trjuX

Rime
Character	柱	柱
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	直主切	知庾切
Baxter	drjuX	trjuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖɨoX/	/ʈɨoX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖioX/	/ʈioX/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡioX/	/ȶioX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖuə̆X/	/ʈuə̆X/
Li Rong	/ȡioX/	/ȶioX/
Wang Li	/ȡĭuX/	/ȶĭuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯uX/	/ȶi̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhù	zhǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zyu6	zyu2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-t<r>oʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*toʔ/, /*doʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	柱
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhù
Middle Chinese	‹ drjuX ›
Old Chinese	/*m-t<r>oʔ/
English	pillar
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	柱	柱
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	17608	17614
Phonetic component	主	主
Rime group	侯	侯
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	拄	柱
Old Chinese	/*toʔ/	/*doʔ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 柱

1. pillar; post; column
2. column-shaped thing
3. to support
4. to lean on

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Japanese

Kanji

柱

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: じゅう (jū)^{←ぢゆう (dyuu, historical)}
• Kan-on: ちゅう (chū, Jōyō)
• Kun: はしら (hashira, 柱, Jōyō); ことじ (kotoji); ささえる (sasaeru)

Noun

Kanji in this term
柱
はしら Grade: 3
kun'yomi

柱(はしら) • (hashira) 

1. pillar

Counter

柱(はしら) or 柱(counter) • (hashira or counter) [[Category:Japanese
|はしら]]

1. gods, spirits, worshipped entity.
2. spirit tablets, cremation remains.

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Korean

Hanja

柱 • (ju) (hangeul 주, revised ju, McCune–Reischauer chu, Yale cwu)

1. pillar

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 柱 (trụ)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.