災難

See also: 灾难

Chinese

		disaster; calamity	disaster; distress; to scold disaster; distress; to scold; difficult (to...); problem; difficulty; difficult; not good
trad. (災難)		災	難
simp. (灾难)		灾	难

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zāinàn

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄞ ㄋㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zoi¹ naan⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): châi-nan
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chai-lān

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zai¹ lang⁷

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zāinàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄞ ㄋㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zainàn
    • Wade–Giles: tsai¹-nan⁴
    • Yale: dzāi-nàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzainann
    • Palladius: цзайнань (czajnanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saɪ̯⁵⁵ nän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zoi¹ naan⁶
    • Yale: jōi naahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoi¹ naan⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: zoi¹ nan⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːi̯⁵⁵ naːn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: châi-nan
    • Hakka Romanization System: zai´ nan
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zai¹ nan⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sai̯²⁴⁻¹¹ nan⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chai-lān
    • Tâi-lô: tsai-lān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zailan
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sai⁴⁴⁻²² lan²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sai³³ lan⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sai⁴⁴⁻²² lan²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sai⁴⁴⁻³³ lan³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sai⁴⁴⁻³³ lan³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zai¹ lang⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsai lāng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sai³³⁻²³ laŋ¹¹/

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 災難

1. disaster; calamity; catastrophe (Classifier: 場／场; 次; 種／种)

Synonyms

(deprecated template usage)

• 亂兒／乱儿 (luànr) (dialectal)
• 人禍／人祸 (rénhuò) (man-made disaster)
• 劫 (jié) (Buddhism)
• 劫煞 (Hokkien)
• 劫難／劫难 (jiénàn)
• 厄 (literary, or in compounds)
• 大禍／大祸 (dàhuò) (major catastrophe)
• 大難／大难 (dànàn) (major catastrophe)
• 天災／天灾 (tiānzāi) (natural disaster)
• 央厄 (yāng'è) (literary)
• 奇禍／奇祸 (qíhuò) (literary, unexpected disaster)
• 巨禍／巨祸 (jùhuò) (literary)
• 患 (huàn) (literary, or in compounds)
• 慘事／惨事 (cǎnshì)
• 慘劇／惨剧 (cǎnjù)
• 慘禍／惨祸 (cǎnhuò) (tragic accident)
• 沙𧐔 (sua¹ sab⁴) (Teochew)
• 浩劫 (hàojié)
• 災／灾 (zāi) (literary, or in compounds)
• 災劫／灾劫 (zāijié) (literary)
• 災厄／灾厄 (zāi'è) (literary)
• 災害／灾害 (zāihài)
• 災殃／灾殃 (zāiyāng)
• 災禍／灾祸 (zāihuò)
• 災變／灾变 (zāibiàn) (literary, natural disaster)
• 癰疽／痈疽 (yōngjū) (figurative)
• 眚沴 (shěnglì) (literary)
• 禍／祸 (huò) (literary, or in compounds)
• 禍事／祸事 (huòshì)
• 禍害／祸害 (huòhài)
• 禍息／祸息 (ho⁵ si⁶) (Xiang)
• 禍患／祸患 (huòhuàn)
• 禍殃／祸殃 (huòyāng)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (災難):

• → Japanese: 災難(さいなん) (sainan)
• → Korean: 재난(災難) (jaenan)
• → Vietnamese: tai nạn (災難)

(deprecated template usage)

---

Japanese

Kanji in this term
災	難
さい Grade: 5	なん Grade: 6
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
災難 (kyūjitai)

Noun

災(さい)難(なん) • (sainan) 

1. disaster
   • 災難に遭う
     さいなんにあう
     sainan ni au
     to meet with disaster
     
     
   • 災難を免れる
     さいなんをまぬかれる
     sainan o manukareru
     to escape disaster

References

• The Oxford Starter Japanese Dictionary. →ISBN

---

Korean

Hanja in this term
災	難

Noun

災難 • (jaenan) (hangeul 재난)

1. Hanja form^? of 재난 (“disaster”).

---

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
災	難

Noun

災難

1. chữ Hán form of tai nạn (“accident”).