築

See also: 筑

築 U+2F963, 築 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F963 ← 篆 [U+2F962] CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 䈧 → [U+2F964]

Translingual

Han character

築 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+10, 16 strokes, cangjie input 竹一弓木 (HMND), four-corner 8890₄, composition ⿱筑木)

Derived characters

• 𭣊, 𭬬

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 892, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26298
• Dae Jaweon: page 1320, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2998, character 4
• Unihan data for U+7BC9

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Chinese

trad.		築
simp.		筑*

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (竹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
竺	*tuːɡ, *tuːɡ, *tuɡ
篤	*tuːɡ
竹	*tuɡ
筑	*tuɡ, *duɡ
築	*tuɡ
茿	*tuɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tuɡ) : phonetic 筑 (OC *tuɡ, *duɡ) + semantic 木 (“wood”).

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsuk ~ tsik (“to build”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan རྩིག་པ (rtsig pa, “to build”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *ʔtsukᴴ (“to build”) (whence Burmese ဆောက် (hcauk, “to build”)).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhù, zhú

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨˋ, ㄓㄨˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zuk¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chuk
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tiok / tio̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): dog⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhù
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhù
    • Wade–Giles: chu⁴
    • Yale: jù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juh
    • Palladius: чжу (čžu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhú
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhú
    • Wade–Giles: chu²
    • Yale: jú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jwu
    • Palladius: чжу (čžu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zuk¹
    • Yale: jūk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzuk⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: zug¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊk̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chuk
    • Hakka Romanization System: zug`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zug⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡suk̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiok
    • Tâi-lô: tiok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diog
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɔk̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tio̍k
    • Tâi-lô: tio̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diok
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɔk̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: dog⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tok
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tok̚²/

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• Middle Chinese: trjuwk

Rime
Character	築
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	張六切
Baxter	trjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈiuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶiuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈuwk̚/
Li Rong	/ȶiuk̚/
Wang Li	/ȶĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zuk1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*truk/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tuɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	築
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhù
Middle Chinese	‹ trjuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*truk/
English	pound earth, build
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	築
Reading #	1/1
No.	17591
Phonetic component	竹
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	竹
Old Chinese	/*tuɡ/
Notes	說文築聲

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 築

1. to build; to construct

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Japanese

Kanji

築

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. fabricate

Readings

• Go-on: ちく (chiku, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: ちく (chiku, Jōyō)
• Kun: きずく (kizuku, 築く, Jōyō); つく (tsuku, 築く)
• Nanori: つい (tsui); つき (tsuki); つく (tsuku); づき (zuki)

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Korean

Hanja

築 • (chuk) (hangeul 축, revised chuk, McCune–Reischauer ch'uk, Yale chwuk)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

築: Hán Nôm readings: trốc, trúc

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.