衙門

See also: 衙门

Chinese

		office; yamen	opening; door; gate opening; door; gate; doorway; gateway; valve; switch; way to do something; knack; family; house; (religious) sect; school (of thought); class; category; (taxonomy) phylum or division
trad. (衙門)		衙	門
simp. (衙门)		衙	门
alternative forms		牙門／牙门

Etymology

Originally written as 牙門／牙门 (yámén). See 衙 (yá) for more.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): yámen, yámén

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄚˊ ˙ㄇㄣ, ㄧㄚˊ ㄇㄣˊ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): ямын (i͡amɨn, I-II)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngaa⁴ mun^4-2 / ngaa⁴ mun⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngà-mùn
• Eastern Min (BUC): ngà-muòng
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): gê-mn̂g / gêe-mûi / gâ-bûn

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yámen
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˊ ˙ㄇㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yáme̊n
    • Wade–Giles: ya²-mên⁵
    • Yale: yá-men
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ya.men
    • Palladius: ямэнь (jamɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jä³⁵ mən³/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yámén
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˊ ㄇㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yámén
    • Wade–Giles: ya²-mên²
    • Yale: yá-mén
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yamen
    • Palladius: ямэнь (jamɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jä³⁵ mən³⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: ямын (i͡amɨn, I-II)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ia²⁴ məŋ⁵¹/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ngaa⁴ mun^4-2 / ngaa⁴ mun⁴
    • Yale: ngàh mún / ngàh mùhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngaa⁴ mun^4-2 / ngaa⁴ mun⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: nga⁴ mun^4-2 / nga⁴ mun⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋaː²¹ muːn²¹⁻³⁵/, /ŋaː²¹ muːn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngà-mùn
    • Hakka Romanization System: nga^ˇ mun^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nga² mun²
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋa¹¹ mun¹¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ngà-muòng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋa⁵³⁻³³ muoŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gê-mn̂g
    • Tâi-lô: gê-mn̂g
    • Phofsit Daibuun: gemngg
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡe²³⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɡe²⁴⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /ɡe²⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gêe-mûi
    • Tâi-lô: gêe-muî
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡɛ¹³⁻²² muĩ¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gâ-bûn
    • Tâi-lô: gâ-bûn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ga'buun
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /ɡa²⁴⁻²² bun²⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: ngae mwon

Rime
Character	衙	門
Reading #	2/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	麻 (98)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	II	I
Fanqie	五加切	莫奔切
Baxter	ngae	mwon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋˠa/	/muən/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋᵚa/	/muon/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋa/	/muən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋaɨ/	/mwən/
Li Rong	/ŋa/	/muən/
Wang Li	/ŋa/	/muən/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋa/	/muən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yá	mén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngaa4	mun4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋraː  mɯːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	門
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mén
Middle Chinese	‹ mwon ›
Old Chinese	/*mˁə[r]/
English	gate, door
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	衙	門
Reading #	1/3	1/1
No.	13136	8960
Phonetic component	五	門
Rime group	魚	文
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	牙	門
Old Chinese	/*ŋraː/	/*mɯːn/
Notes	秦地又牙分化字

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 衙門

1. (historical) yamen
2. (Dungan) office; bureau

Synonyms

• (yamen): 公廳／公厅 (gōngtīng), 官衙 (guānyá)

Descendants

• → English: yamen
• → Manchu: ᠶᠠᠮᡠᠨ (yamun)
• → Russian: ямэ́нь (jamɛ́nʹ)