謝罪
Appearance
See also: 谢罪
Chinese
[edit]| to decline; to thank; gratitude | guilt; crime; fault guilt; crime; fault; blame; sin | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (謝罪) | 謝 | 罪 | |
| simp. (谢罪) | 谢 | 罪 | |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ze6 zeoi6
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): siâ-cô̤i
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siā-chǒe / siā-chōe
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xièzuì
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˋ ㄗㄨㄟˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sièzuèi
- Wade–Giles: hsieh4-tsui4
- Yale: syè-dzwèi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiehtzuey
- Palladius: сецзуй (seczuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ze6 zeoi6
- Yale: jeh jeuih
- Cantonese Pinyin: dze6 dzoey6
- Guangdong Romanization: zé6 zêu6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɛː²² t͡sɵy̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhia-chhui
- Hakka Romanization System: qia cui
- Hagfa Pinyim: qia4 cui4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯a⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯i⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: cia˖ cui˖
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰia³³ t͡sʰui³³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: siâ-cô̤i
- Sinological IPA (key): /sia²⁴²⁻⁵³ (t͡s-)ʒɔy²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: zjaeH dzwojX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*sə-lAk-s [dz]ˤujʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ljaːɡs zuːlʔ/
Verb
[edit]謝⫽罪 (verb-object)
- to acknowledge one's error and seek forgiveness
Synonyms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Japanese
[edit]| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 謝 | 罪 |
| しゃ Grade: 5 |
ざい Grade: 5 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 謝罪する
| Plain | 謝罪する | しゃざい・する | [shàzáí sùrú] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conjunctive | 謝罪して | しゃざい・して | [shàzáí shìté] |
| Perfective | 謝罪した | しゃざい・した | [shàzáí shìtá] |
| Negative | 謝罪しない | しゃざい・しない | [shàzáí shìnáí] |
| Negative perfective | 謝罪しなかった | しゃざい・しなかった | [shàzáí shìnáꜜkàttà] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 謝罪すれば | しゃざい・すれば | [shàzáí sùréꜜbà] |
| Past conditional | 謝罪したら | しゃざい・したら | [shàzáí shìtáꜜrà] |
| Imperative | 謝罪しろ 謝罪せよ |
しゃざい・しろ しゃざい・せよ |
[shàzáí shìró] [shàzáí séꜜyò] |
| Volitional | 謝罪しよう | しゃざい・しよー | [shàzáí shìyóꜜò] |
| Desiderative | 謝罪したい | しゃざい・したい | [shàzáí shìtáí] |
| Formal | 謝罪します | しゃざい・します | [shàzáí shìmáꜜsù] |
| Formal negative | 謝罪しません | しゃざい・しません | [shàzáí shìmáséꜜǹ] |
| Formal volitional | 謝罪しましょう | しゃざい・しましょー | [shàzáí shìmáshóꜜò] |
| Formal perfective | 謝罪しました | しゃざい・しました | [shàzáí shìmáꜜshìtà] |
| Continuative | 謝罪し 謝罪しに |
しゃざい・し しゃざい・しに |
[shàzáí shì] [shàzáí shì ní] |
| Negative continuative | 謝罪せず 謝罪せずに |
しゃざい・せず しゃざい・せずに |
[shàzáí séꜜzù] [shàzáí séꜜzù nì] |
| Passive | 謝罪される | しゃざい・される | [shàzáí sàrérú] |
| Causative | 謝罪させる 謝罪さす |
しゃざい・させる しゃざい・さす |
[shàzáí sàsérú] [shàzáí sàsú] |
| Potential | 謝罪できる | しゃざい・できる | [shàzáí dèkíꜜrù] |
Noun
[edit]Verb
[edit]謝罪する • (shazai suru) transitive suru (stem 謝罪し (shazai shi), past 謝罪した (shazai shita))
- to apologize
Conjugation
[edit]| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 謝罪し | しゃざいし | shazai shi |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 謝罪し | しゃざいし | shazai shi |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 謝罪する | しゃざいする | shazai suru |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 謝罪する | しゃざいする | shazai suru |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 謝罪すれ | しゃざいすれ | shazai sure |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 謝罪せよ¹ 謝罪しろ² |
しゃざいせよ¹ しゃざいしろ² |
shazai seyo¹ shazai shiro² |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 謝罪される | しゃざいされる | shazai sareru |
| Causative | 謝罪させる 謝罪さす |
しゃざいさせる しゃざいさす |
shazai saseru shazai sasu |
| Potential | 謝罪できる | しゃざいできる | shazai dekiru |
| Volitional | 謝罪しよう | しゃざいしよう | shazai shiyō |
| Negative | 謝罪しない | しゃざいしない | shazai shinai |
| Negative continuative | 謝罪せず | しゃざいせず | shazai sezu |
| Formal | 謝罪します | しゃざいします | shazai shimasu |
| Perfective | 謝罪した | しゃざいした | shazai shita |
| Conjunctive | 謝罪して | しゃざいして | shazai shite |
| Hypothetical conditional | 謝罪すれば | しゃざいすれば | shazai sureba |
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
References
[edit]- “謝罪”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
Korean
[edit]| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 謝 | 罪 |
Noun
[edit]Categories:
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Eastern Min verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Middle Chinese verbs
- Old Chinese verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 謝
- Chinese terms spelled with 罪
- Chinese separable verbs
- Japanese terms spelled with 謝 read as しゃ
- Japanese terms spelled with 罪 read as ざい
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese terms with Heiban pitch accent (Tōkyō)
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese transitive verbs
- Japanese suru verbs
- Korean lemmas
- Korean nouns
- Korean nouns in Han script
- Korean hanja forms