餓死

See also: 饿死

Chinese

		to be hungry; hungry	to die; impassable; uncrossable to die; impassable; uncrossable; inflexible; rigid
trad. (餓死)		餓	死
simp. (饿死)		饿	死

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): èsǐ

  (Zhuyin): ㄜˋ ㄙˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngo⁶ sei²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngo-sí
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): gō--sí

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: èsǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄜˋ ㄙˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: èsǐh
    • Wade–Giles: o⁴-ssŭ³
    • Yale: è-sž
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ehsyy
    • Palladius: эсы (esy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɤ⁵¹ sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ngo⁶ sei²
    • Yale: ngoh séi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngo⁶ sei²
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngo⁶ séi²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔː²² sei̯³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngo-sí
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngo xi`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngo⁴ xi³
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋo⁵⁵ si³¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gō--sí
    • Tâi-lô: gō--sí

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• Middle Chinese: ngaH sijX

Rime
Character	餓	死
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)	脂 (17)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	五个切	息姊切
Baxter	ngaH	sijX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɑH/	/sˠiɪX/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋɑH/	/sᵚiX/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋɑH/	/siɪX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋaH/	/sjiX/
Li Rong	/ŋɑH/	/sjiX/
Wang Li	/ŋɑH/	/siX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋɑH/	/siX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	è	sǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngo6	si2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋˤaj-s  sijʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋaːls  hljiʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	餓	死
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	è	sǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ ngaH ›	‹ sijX ›
Old Chinese	/*ŋˁaj-s/	/*sijʔ/
English	hungry	die (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	餓	死
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	13044	12006
Phonetic component	我	死
Rime group	歌	脂
Rime subdivision	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	餓	死
Old Chinese	/*ŋaːls/	/*hljiʔ/

Verb

餓死

1. to starve to death; to die of starvation
2. to be extremely hungry

Synonyms

• (Min Nan) 枵死

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
餓	死
が Grade: S	し Grade: 3
on'yomi

Noun

餓(が)死(し) • (gashi) 

1. starvation
2. death from starvation

Verb

餓(が)死(し)する • (gashi suru) intransitive suru (stem 餓(が)死(し)し (gashi shi), past 餓(が)死(し)した (gashi shita))

1. to starve
2. to starve to death
3. to die from hunger/starvation

Conjugation

Conjugation of "餓死する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	餓死し	がしし	gashi shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	餓死し	がしし	gashi shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	餓死する	がしする	gashi suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	餓死する	がしする	gashi suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	餓死すれ	がしすれ	gashi sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	餓死せよ¹ 餓死しろ²	がしせよ¹ がししろ²	gashi seyo¹ gashi shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	餓死される	がしされる	gashi sareru
Causative	餓死させる 餓死さす	がしさせる がしさす	gashi saseru gashi sasu
Potential	餓死できる	がしできる	gashi dekiru
Volitional	餓死しよう	がししよう	gashi shiyō
Negative	餓死しない	がししない	gashi shinai
Negative continuative	餓死せず	がしせず	gashi sezu
Formal	餓死します	がしします	gashi shimasu
Perfective	餓死した	がしした	gashi shita
Conjunctive	餓死して	がしして	gashi shite
Hypothetical conditional	餓死すれば	がしすれば	gashi sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative