姊

See also: 姉 and 姐

姊 U+59CA, 姊 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-59CA ← 姉 [U+59C9] CJK Unified Ideographs 始 → [U+59CB]

Translingual

Han character

姊 (radical 38, 女+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 女中X竹 (VLXH), four-corner 4042₇, composition ⿰女𠂔)

References

• KangXi: page 258, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6164
• Dae Jaweon: page 523, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1032, character 9
• Unihan data for U+59CA

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		姊
variant forms		姉 𡛷

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (秭) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
姊	*ʔsiʔ
秭	*ʔsiʔ
趀	*sʰi
笫	*ʔsriʔ, *ʔsrɯʔ
胏	*ʔsrɯʔ
柹	*zrɯʔ
柿	*zrɯʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ʔsiʔ): semantic 女 (“woman”) + phonetic 𠂔.

Etymology

From Mon-Khmer; compare Old Mon kuṁci (“sister”) (Schuessler, 2007). Schuessler (2007) notes that connection with Proto-Tibeto-Burman *dzar (“sister (of man)”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dzər ~ tsər (Benedict, 1974) is "phonetically less direct".

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zǐ, jiě (zi³, jie³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗˇ, ㄐㄧㄝˇ

  (Chengdu, SP): zi³

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): zi², ze²

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): dei²

• Gan (Wiktionary): zi³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chí
• Jin (Wiktionary): zi²
• Min Bei (KCR): ci̿
• Min Dong (BUC): cī
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): chí / ché / chié / chú / chír

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zi²

• Wu (Wiktionary): tsr (T2)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): zr³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, literary, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Pinyin: zǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄗˇ
    • Wade–Giles: tzu³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyy
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, vernacular, standard in Taiwan, variant in Mainland)⁺
    • Pinyin: jiě
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˇ
    • Wade–Giles: chieh³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiie
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴/

Note: jiě - more commonly used in Taiwan, also written as 姐.

• • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: zi³
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: z
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: zi², ze²
    • Yale: jí, jé
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi², dze²
    • Guangdong Romanization: ji², zé²
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡siː³⁵/, /t͡sɛː³⁵/

Note: ze2 - usually written as 姐.

• • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: dei²
    • IPA ^(key): /tei⁵⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: zi³
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chí
    • Hakka Romanization System: ji`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ji³
    • IPA: /t͡ɕi³¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: zi²
    • IPA (old-style): /t͡sz̩⁵³/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ci̿
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cī
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡si³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chí
    • Tâi-lô: tsí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: cie
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡ɕi⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡ɕi⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ché
    • Tâi-lô: tsé
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zea
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kinmen): /t͡se⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡se⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Lukang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chié
    • Tâi-lô: tsié
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chú
    • Tâi-lô: tsú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zuo
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡su⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chír
    • Tâi-lô: tsír
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/

Note:

• chí, ché/chié - vernacular, also written as 姐 (especially for ché);
• chú/chír - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: zi²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsí
  • IPA ^(key): /t͡si⁵²/

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: tsr (T2)
  • IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩³⁴/

Xiang

• (Changsha)
  • Wiktionary: zr³
  • IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁴¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡sɨ^X/▼

Rime
Character	姊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	即里切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sɨX/
Li Rong	/t͡siəX/
Wang Li	/t͡sĭəX/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡siX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zǐ

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts][i]jʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsiʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	姊
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ tsijX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ts][i]jʔ/
English	older sister
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	姊
Reading #	1/1
No.	17870
Phonetic component	秭
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	𡛷
Old Chinese	/*ʔsiʔ/

Definitions

姊

1. elder sister

   姊妹  ―  zǐmèi  ―  sisters

Compounds

• 令姊
• 伯姊
• 內姊／内姊
• 十姊妹
• 堂姊 (tángzǐ)
• 堂姊妹
• 大姊
• 大姊頭／大姊头
• 妻姊妹婚
• 姊丈 (zǐzhàng)

• 姊兒／姊儿
• 姊兒倆／姊儿俩
• 姊夫 (zǐfū)
• 姊妹 (zǐmèi)
• 姊妹市
• 姊妹校
• 姊妹盟
• 姊妹行
• 姊姊 (zǐzǐ)
• 姑姊

• 家姊
• 手帕姊妹
• 母姊會／母姊会
• 胞姊
• 胞姊妹
• 表姊 (biǎozǐ)
• 賢姊／贤姊
• 阿姊 (āzǐ)
• 香火姊妹

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Japanese

Kanji

姊

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: し (shi)
• Kan-on: し (shi)
• Kun: あね (ane, 姊); はは (haha, 姊)

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Korean

Hanja

姊 • (ja) (hangeul 자)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

姊 (tỉ, tỷ, chị)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.