See also: Ꜥ [U+A724 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER EGYPTOLOGICAL AIN] and ʿ [U+02BF MODIFIER LETTER LEFT HALF RING] ꜥ (upper case Ꜥ
( Egyptological transliteration ) ayin , used in most Egyptian transliteration schemes to represent the sound of the hieroglyph IPA [ʕ] since at least the time of Middle Egyptian, hypothesized by some to have come from earlier *[d].Possibly related to Proto-Semitic *yad- ( “ hand ” ) .
m
arm , hand [since the First Dynasty]
c. BCE ,
Amduat of Amenhotep II (tomb of Amenhotep II, KV35) First Hour, closing text, line 4:
wn n⟨.j⟩ ꜥwj .ṯn bntjw Open your arms to ⟨me⟩, baboons! ‘hand’ of an animal : hoof of a cow , foot of a crocodile , etc. [since the Pyramid Texts]
part , portion
specific measure of a substance such as food , liquid , or myrrh ; portion individual item of something countable , item , piece [since the Middle Kingdom] pair of something generally found in pairs [since the Middle Kingdom] region
area , region , portion (of a country , piece of land , or building ) [since the Pyramid Texts] region of the sky where something, particularly the sun , is located ( chiefly Late Egyptian ) state , condition ( chiefly Late Egyptian , with following infinitive as a genitive ) manner (of doing something, such as moving or flying )
Declension of ꜥ (masculine)
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥ
ꜥ ꜥ ꜥ ꜥwj ꜥ
[Pyramid Texts]
[Late Egyptian]
[Late Egyptian]
[Greco-Roman Period]
in the sense ‘state’
in the sense ‘state’
Demotic: ꜥ ( “ state, condition ” )
Demotic: ( ꜥ.wy “ arms, portion, pair ” ) Bohairic Coptic: ⲏⲓ ( ēi , “ pair, couple ” )
Sahidic Coptic: ⲏⲓ ( ēi , “ pair, couple ” ) Compounded with nj ( “ of ” ) :
⇒ Bohairic Coptic: ⲁⲛ- ( an- , collective numeral prefix; place-name prefix ) ⇒ Sahidic Coptic: ⲁⲛ- ( an- , collective numeral prefix; place-name prefix ) m
official document , register , record [since the Pyramid Texts] certificate , deed , warrant [since the Pyramid Texts]
Declension of ꜥ (masculine)
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥ
m
dyke [Middle Kingdom to 18th Dynasty]
Declension of ꜥ (masculine)
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥ
m
( chiefly Late Egyptian ) wooden shaft , particularly as a carriage pole or drawbar
Declension of ꜥ (masculine)
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥ
From earlier
( ꜥt ,
“ room ” ) , or else a formation from the same root.
m
house [Late Period]
Declension of ꜥ (masculine)
Demotic: ( ꜥ.wy “ house ” ) Akhmimic Coptic: ⲏⲓ ( ēi ) , ⲏⲉⲓ ( ēei )
Bohairic Coptic: ⲏⲓ ( ēi )
Fayyumic Coptic: ⲏⲓ ( ēi )
Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲏⲉⲓ ( ēei )
Old Coptic: ⲏⲓ ( ēi )
Sahidic Coptic: ⲏⲓ ( ēi ) , ⲏⲉⲓ ( ēei ) “ꜥ (lemma ID 34360) ”, “ꜥ (lemma ID 34410) ”, “ꜥ (lemma ID 34390) ”, and “ꜥ (lemma ID 34460) Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae [1] 2004–26 July 2023 Erman, Adolf , Grapow, Hermann (1926 ) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache [2] →ISBN pages 156.1–157.10, 157.14–158.12, 158.19–159.1, 159.3, 159.7, 159.15 Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962 ) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian , Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN page 36 
(ꜥ.wy, “house”)
