없다

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Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 없다 (Yale: eps.ta).

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ˈɘ(ː)p̚t͈a̠]
    • Audio:(file)
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?eopda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?eobsda
McCune–Reischauer?ŏpta
Yale Romanization?ēpsta

Adjective

없다 (eopda) (infinitive 없어, sequential 없으니)

  1. to have none; (to be) lacking; (to be) nonexistent
    은행 계좌없어요.
    jeon eunhaeng gyejwaga eopseoyo.
    I don't have a bank account.
    하나없다.
    hanado eopda.
    Not a single one.
    없어 보인다.
    eopseo boinda.
    Lacking in appearance; not stylish
    같이 어울릴만한 친구가 한없다.
    gachi eoullilmanhan chin'guga hanmyeongdo eopda.
    I don't have a friend to hang out with.
    수준친구가 한없다.
    narang sujuni manneun chin'guga hanmyeongdo eopda.
    I don't have a friend who's up to my level.
  2. (North Korea) to die
    (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)

Usage notes

Most grammars classify 없다 (eopda) as an adjective with certain verbal qualities.[1]

Conjugation

Antonyms

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Koh & Nam (표준 국어 문법, rev. ed. 2002): 있다/없다