-cha

See also: Appendix:Variations of "cha"

English

Alternative forms

-choo
-chu

Etymology

From an unstressed you (/jə/) after a word ending in /t/; the unstressed sequence /tj/ coalesces into /tʃ/ ⟨ch⟩ in many accents.

Pronunciation

(UK) IPA^(key): /tʃ(j)ə/, /tʃ(j)æ/

Pronoun

-cha (clitic)

(informal, used only after a /t/ sound) Alternative form of ya (“you”)
- 2019 December 10, Yacht Club Games, "Story" (Reize), in Shovel Knight Showdown (version 4.1), Nintendo Switch:
  Baz: 'BAD NEWS, BUD. I NEVER WANTED TO FIGHTCHA, BUT IF WE WANT OUT, WE GOTTA SCRAP! YOU 'N ME, MANO A MANO.'

Usage notes

Sometimes written as a separate word (cha).

Navajo

Stem

-cha

Verbal stem occurring in the following root, aspect, and mode combinations:

Aspect	IMP	PERF	FUT	ITER	OPT
MOM		-CHA (cry)
CON	-CHA (cry)	-CHA (cry)			-CHA (cry)

Polish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Slavic *-xa

Polish -cha

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-xa.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /xa/
Rhymes: -a
Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

Suffix

-cha

attached to truncated stems of common nouns to form feminine or masculine nouns, often augmentative or derogatory
‎gospodyni + ‎-cha → ‎gospocha

‎gorzałka + ‎-cha → ‎gocha

‎kiszka + ‎-cha → ‎kicha

‎kleryk + ‎-cha → ‎klecha

‎kmotra + ‎-cha → ‎kmocha

‎kreska + ‎-cha → ‎krecha

‎łyżka + ‎-cha → ‎łycha

‎misa + ‎-cha → ‎micha

‎pietruszka + ‎-cha → ‎pietrucha

‎plesz + ‎-cha → ‎plecha

‎wiązka + ‎-cha → ‎wiącha

‎wioska + ‎-cha → ‎wiocha

‎zagryzka + ‎-cha → ‎zagrycha
attached to truncated stems of given names to form nicknames
‎Krystyna + ‎-cha → ‎Krzycha

‎Zofia + ‎-cha → ‎Zocha

Declension

Feminine:

Declension of -cha

	singular	plural
nominative	-cha	-chy
genitive	-chy	-ch
dative	-sze	-chom
accusative	-chę	-chy
instrumental	-chą	-chami
locative	-sze	-chach
vocative	-cho	-chy

Masculine:

Declension of -cha

	singular	plural
nominative	-cha	-chy
genitive	-chy	-chów / -ch
dative	-sze	-chom
accusative	-chę	-chów / -ch
instrumental	-chą	-chami
locative	-sze	-chach
vocative	-cho	-chy

Masculine surnames:

Declension of -cha

	singular	plural
nominative	-cha	-chowie
genitive	-chy	-chów
dative	-sze	-chom
accusative	-chę	-chów
instrumental	-chą	-chami
locative	-sze	-chach
vocative	-cho	-chowie

Derived terms

Quechua

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /t͡ʃa/

Suffix

-cha

Factive suffix. Verbalizes nouns (N→V). Expresses that the head noun is being made, built, shaped, turned into, added or removed from something else.
apu (“chief”) → apuchay (“to turn into a chief ⇒ to honor”)

pampa (“flat, plains”) → pampachay (“to turn into a plain ⇒ to level, to demolish, to forgive”)

wasi (“house”) → wasichay (“to build a house”)

qura (“grass”) → qurachay (“to remove grass ⇒ to weed”)
Diminutive suffix (N→N). Used to indicate a smaller size or to convey affection.
allqu (“dog”) → allqucha (“puppy”)

allqu (“dog”) → allqchay (“my (dear) dog”)

Uzbek

Other scripts
Yangi Imlo	ـچا
Cyrillic	-ча‍
Latin	-cha‍
Perso-Arabic (Afghanistan)

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *-če (orientative–prolative suffix). Cognate with Azerbaijani -cə, Kazakh -ше (-şe), Turkish -ce.

Suffix

-cha

suffix to form adverbs when added to names of ethnic groups or countries
‎oʻzbek (“Uzbek”) + ‎-cha → ‎oʻzbekcha (“Uzbek-style”)

‎Ozarbayjon (“Azerbaijan”) + ‎-cha → ‎ozarbayjoncha (“Azerbaijani-style”)
(nominalized adverbs) names the languages of these groups or countries
Synonym: ... tili

‎oʻzbek (“Uzbek”) + ‎-cha → ‎oʻzbekcha (“Uzbek language”)

‎Ozarbayjon (“Azerbaijan”) + ‎-cha → ‎ozarbayjoncha (“Azerbaijani language”)