-ta

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ta"

Estonian

Suffix

-ta

1. suffix for the abessive case, without.

Usage notes

• Suffixed to the genitive singular.
• Often used in conjunction with the preposition ilma, for example ilma soolata "without salt, saltless".

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Finnish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *-ta, a variant form of *-da (whence Finnish -a) that was used when it followed a (secondarily) stressed syllable (suffixal gradation). Ultimately from the Proto-Uralic ablative case *-ta.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɑ/, [t̪ɑ]

Suffix

-ta (front vowel harmony variant -tä)

1. A suffix for the partitive singular case.

Usage notes

• This suffix is used after a long vowel, diphthong or a consonant.

See also

• -a

Etymology 2

From Proto-Finnic *-t'ak, composed of a stem-forming suffix *-t- (from Proto-Uralic *-ta-) and the regular infinitive ending *-dak.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɑˣ/, [t̪ɑ(ʔ)]

Suffix

-ta (front vowel harmony variant -tä)

2. Forms verbs from nouns.

   ‎kampa (“comb”) + ‎-ta → ‎kammata (“to comb”)

   ‎linko (“sling; centrifuge”) + ‎-ta → ‎lingota (“to hurl, sling, fling”)

   ‎kato (“disappearance”) + ‎-ta → ‎kadota (“to disappear”)

Usage notes

• The derivatives belong to the conjugation types no. 73 and 74.
• Triggers consonant gradation in the root, if applicable.
• Used mainly on bisyllabic vowel-stem nouns. For monosyllabic and consonant-stem nouns, -taa is more common.

Derived terms

► Finnish words suffixed with -ta (verbal)

See also

• -eta
• -ita

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Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tɒ]

Suffix

-ta

2. (personal suffix) Used to form the third-person singular indicative past definite form of verbs.

   olvas (“to read”) → olvasta (“he/she (has/had) read (it)”)

4. (verbal-participle suffix) Used to form the verbal participle of verbs, always following the agent noun.

   okoz (“to cause”) → [vihar] okozta [kár] (“[the damage] caused by [a storm]”, literally “storm-caused damage”)

6. (noun-forming suffix) Used to form nouns from certain verbs (cf. -ás), incorporating the third-person singular possessive suffix (-a), which can be replaced by other personal possessive suffixes.

   tud (“to know”) → tudta (“his/her knowledge [of something]”)

Usage notes

• (past-tense and verbal-participle suffix) Variants:

  -ta is added to most back-vowel verbs

  -te is added to most front-vowel verbs

  -tta is added to back-vowel verbs ending in a vowel (hí, fú, ó, ró, rí, szí)

  -tte is added to front-vowel verbs ending in a vowel (lő, nyű, sző)

  -otta is added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (fut, nyit, except lát)

  -ette is added to unrounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (vet)

  -ötte is added to rounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (köt, süt, üt)

• (noun-forming suffix) Variants:

  -ta is added to most back-vowel verbs

  -te is added to most front-vowel verbs

Derived terms

► Hungarian nouns suffixed with -ta

See also

• Category:Hungarian verbal participles
• Category:Hungarian verb forms
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

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Irish

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

• -tha

Suffix

-ta

2. added to nouns to form adjectives

Derived terms

► Irish words suffixed with -ta (adjective)

Related terms

• -ga (-da, -dha)

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• -te (slender form)
• -tha, -the

Suffix

-ta

2. used to form strong plural forms of nouns

Etymology 3

From Old Irish -ta, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts, whence also Ancient Greek -της (-tēs), Sanskrit -ताति (-tāti), and Latin -tās.

Alternative forms

• -te (slender form)
• -tha, -the

Suffix

-ta

2. used to form the past participle of verbs

Derived terms

► Irish words suffixed with -ta (participle)

Etymology 4

Alternative forms

• -te, -tha, -the

Suffix

-ta

2. genitive singular of -adh (verbal noun suffix)

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Kambera

Pronoun

-ta

1. first person plural inclusive accusative enclitic

See also

Kambera pronominal clitics

	Nominative	Genitive	Accusative	Dative
1sg	ku-	-nggu	-ka	-ngga
2sg	mu- (u-)	-mu	-kau	-nggau
3sg	na-	-na	-ya	-nya
1pl.incl	ta-	-nda	-ta	-nda
1pl.excl	ma-	-ma	-kama	-nggama
2pl	mi- (i-)	-mi	-kami (-kai)	-nggami (-nggai)
3pl	da-	-da	-ha	-nja

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Lakota

Suffix

-ta

1. to, at, on, in

   ‎pahá (“hill, butte”) + ‎-ta → ‎paháta (“on the hill, butte”)

   ‎maȟpíya (“sky”) + ‎-ta → ‎maȟpíyata (“in the sky”)

   ‎mní (“water”) + ‎-ta → ‎mniyáta (“at the water”)

Usage notes

Changes to (-ata), (-yata) following vowel.

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Latin

Suffix

-ta

1. inflection of -tus:
   1. feminine nominative/vocative singular
   2. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural

Suffix

-tā

1. feminine ablative singular of -tus

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Makasar

Alternative forms

• -nta

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ta, from Proto-Austronesian *ta.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ta]

Suffix

-ta (possessive suffix, Lontara spelling ᨈ)

1. our (first person plural inclusive)
2. your (polite second person singular and plural)

See also

Makasar free and bound pronouns

	Independent	Absolutive	Nominative	Possessive
1st sg / 1st pl excl	nakke	-a'	ku-	-ku
1st pl excl (archaic)	kambe	-kang	ki-	-mang
1st pl incl / 2nd sg polite	katte	-ki'	ki-	-ta
2nd sg / pl familiar	kau	-ko	nu-	-nu
3rd sg / pl	ia	-i	na-	-na

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Quechua

Alternative forms

• -kta (historically, after short vowels)

Suffix

-ta

1. A suffix for the accusative case. Indicates the direct object of a verb or the goal of a motion verb.

   ‎wasi (“house”) + ‎-ta → ‎wasita (“at the house”)

   ‎mama (“mother”) + ‎-ta → ‎mamaykita (“your mother (direct object)”)

2. Used to form adverbs from adjectives.

   ‎allin (“good”) + ‎-ta → ‎allinta (“well”)

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Scottish Gaelic

Suffix

-ta

1. Alternative form of -te

   'S leònta mo làmh. ― My hand is wounded.

Derived terms

► Scottish Gaelic words suffixed with -ta

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Somali

Suffix

-ta

1. A condition or state

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Turkish

Suffix

-ta

1. Alternative form of -da (locative suffix) (after an unvoiced consonant).