-eta

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Basque

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Suffix

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-eta

  1. Used to form toponyms.
    pago (beech) + ‎-eta → ‎Pagoeta
    iturri (fountain) + ‎-eta → ‎Iturrieta

Derived terms

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Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-eta f

  1. feminine singular of -et

Derived terms

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Finnish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *-t'ak (stem *-në-), from Proto-Uralic *-me-. Related to Estonian -nema, -neda and Veps -eta. The stem has been reworked considerably in some forms; see the Proto-Finnic entry for more details.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /-etɑˣ/, [-e̞t̪ɑ̝(ʔ)]

Suffix

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-eta (front vowel harmony variant -etä, stem -ne- or -ene-, linguistic notation -ne- or -ene- or -etA)

  1. Forms translative verbs from adjectives, meaning "to become (adjective)" or "to become more (adjective)".
    tumma (dark) + ‎-eta → ‎tummeta (to darken)

Usage notes

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  • The derived verbs belong to the conjugation type vanheta (72).
  • This ending normally replaces the stem-final vowel(s) of the base adjective, though some adjectives ending in -o show an allomorph -ta (e.g. isota).

Inflection

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Inflection of -eta (Kotus type 72/vanheta, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. -enen en -ene 1st sing. olen -ennut en ole -ennut
2nd sing. -enet et -ene 2nd sing. olet -ennut et ole -ennut
3rd sing. -enee ei -ene 3rd sing. on -ennut ei ole -ennut
1st plur. -enemme emme -ene 1st plur. olemme -enneet emme ole -enneet
2nd plur. -enette ette -ene 2nd plur. olette -enneet ette ole -enneet
3rd plur. -enevat eivät -ene 3rd plur. ovat -enneet eivät ole -enneet
passive -etaan ei -eta passive on -ettu ei ole -ettu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. -enin en -ennut 1st sing. olin -ennut en ollut -ennut
2nd sing. -enit et -ennut 2nd sing. olit -ennut et ollut -ennut
3rd sing. -eni ei -ennut 3rd sing. oli -ennut ei ollut -ennut
1st plur. -enimme emme -enneet 1st plur. olimme -enneet emme olleet -enneet
2nd plur. -enitte ette -enneet 2nd plur. olitte -enneet ette olleet -enneet
3rd plur. -enivat eivät -enneet 3rd plur. olivat -enneet eivät olleet -enneet
passive -ettiin ei -ettu passive oli -ettu ei ollut -ettu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. -enisin en -enisi 1st sing. olisin -ennut en olisi -ennut
2nd sing. -enisit et -enisi 2nd sing. olisit -ennut et olisi -ennut
3rd sing. -enisi ei -enisi 3rd sing. olisi -ennut ei olisi -ennut
1st plur. -enisimme emme -enisi 1st plur. olisimme -enneet emme olisi -enneet
2nd plur. -enisitte ette -enisi 2nd plur. olisitte -enneet ette olisi -enneet
3rd plur. -enisivat eivät -enisi 3rd plur. olisivat -enneet eivät olisi -enneet
passive -ettaisiin ei -ettaisi passive olisi -ettu ei olisi -ettu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. 1st sing.
2nd sing. -ene älä -ene 2nd sing.
3rd sing. -etkoon älköön -etko 3rd sing. olkoon -ennut älköön olko -ennut
1st plur. -etkaamme älkäämme -etko 1st plur.
2nd plur. -etkaa älkää -etko 2nd plur.
3rd plur. -etkoot älkööt -etko 3rd plur. olkoot -enneet älkööt olko -enneet
passive -ettakoon älköön -ettako passive olkoon -ettu älköön olko -ettu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. -ennen en -enne 1st sing. lienen -ennut en liene -ennut
2nd sing. -ennet et -enne 2nd sing. lienet -ennut et liene -ennut
3rd sing. -ennee ei -enne 3rd sing. lienee -ennut ei liene -ennut
1st plur. -ennemme emme -enne 1st plur. lienemme -enneet emme liene -enneet
2nd plur. -ennette ette -enne 2nd plur. lienette -enneet ette liene -enneet
3rd plur. -ennevat eivät -enne 3rd plur. lienevät -enneet eivät liene -enneet
passive -ettaneen ei -ettane passive lienee -ettu ei liene -ettu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st -eta present -eneva -ettava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st -etakseni -etaksemme
2nd -etaksesi -etaksenne
3rd -etakseen
-etaksensa
past -ennut -ettu
2nd inessive2 -etessa -ettaessa agent4 -enema
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st -etessani -etessamme
2nd -etessasi -etessanne
3rd -etessaan
-etessansa
negative -enematon
instructive -eten 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
4) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.

3rd inessive -enemassa
elative -enemasta
illative -enemaan
adessive -enemalla
abessive -enematta
instructive -eneman -ettaman
4th3 verbal noun -eneminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st -enemaisillani -enemaisillamme
2nd -enemaisillasi -enemaisillanne
3rd -enemaisillaan
-enemaisillansa

Note that gradation may apply.

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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Ingrian

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Finnic *-t'ak. Cognates include Finnish -eta and Estonian -neda.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-eta (front vowel variant -etä)

  1. Used to form inchoative verbs.
    pimmiä (dark) + ‎-eta → ‎pimetä (to darken)
Conjugation
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Conjugation of -eta (type 15/valeta, no gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular -enen en -ene 1st singular oon -ent, oon -ennut en oo -ent, en oo -ennut
2nd singular -enet et -ene 2nd singular oot -ent, oot -ennut et oo -ent, et oo -ennut
3rd singular -enoo ei -ene 3rd singular ono -ent, ono -ennut ei oo -ent, ei oo -ennut
1st plural -enemma emmä -ene 1st plural oomma -enneet emmä oo -enneet
2nd plural -enetta että -ene 2nd plural ootta -enneet että oo -enneet
3rd plural -enoot1), -enevat2), -etaa evät -ene, ei -eta 3rd plural ovat -enneet evät oo -enneet, ei oo -ettu
impersonal -etaa ei -eta impersonal ono -ettu ei oo -ettu
Imperfekta Pluskvamperfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular -enin en -ent, en -ennut 1st singular olin -ent, olin -ennut en olt -ent, en olt -ennut
2nd singular -enit et -ent, et -ennut 2nd singular olit -ent, olit -ennut et olt -ent, et olt -ennut
3rd singular -eni ei -ent, ei -ennut 3rd singular oli -ent, oli -ennut ei olt -ent, ei olt -ennut
1st plural -enimma emmä -enneet 1st plural olimma -enneet emmä olleet -enneet
2nd plural -enitta että -enneet 2nd plural olitta -enneet että olleet -enneet
3rd plural -eniit1), -enivat2), -ettii evät -enneet, ei -ettu 3rd plural olivat -enneet evät olleet -enneet, ei olt -ettu
impersonal -ettii ei -ettu impersonal oli -ettu ei olt -ettu
Konditsionala
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular -enisin en -enis 1st singular olisin -ent, olisin -ennut en olis -ent, en olis -ennut
2nd singular -enisit, -eniist1) et -enis 2nd singular olisit -ent, olisit -ennut et olis -ent, et olis -ennut
3rd singular -enis ei -enis 3rd singular olis -ent, olis -ennut ei olis -ent, ei olis -ennut
1st plural -enisimma emmä -enis 1st plural olisimma -enneet emmä olis -enneet
2nd plural -enisitta että -enis 2nd plural olisitta -enneet että olis -enneet
3rd plural -enisiit1), -enisivat2), -ettais evät -enis, ei -ettais 3rd plural olisivat -enneet evät olis -enneet, ei olis -ettu
impersonal -ettais ei -ettais impersonal olis -ettu ei olis -ettu
Imperativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular 1st singular
2nd singular -ene elä -ene 2nd singular oo -ent, oo -ennut elä oo -ent, elä oo -ennut
3rd singular -etkoo elköö -etko 3rd singular olkoo -ent, olkoo -ennut elköö olko -ent, elköö olko -ennut
1st plural 1st plural
2nd plural -etkaa elkää -etko 2nd plural olkaa -enneet elkää olko -enneet
3rd plural -etkoot elkööt -etko, elköö -ettako 3rd plural olkoot -enneet elkööt olko -enneet, elköö olko -ettu
impersonal -ettakkoo elköö -ettako impersonal olkoo -ettu elköö olko -ettu
Potentsiala
Preesens
positive negative
1st singular -enen en -ene
2nd singular -enet et -ene
3rd singular -enoo ei -ene
1st plural -enemma emmä -ene
2nd plural -enetta että -ene
3rd plural -enoot evät -ene, ei -ettane
impersonal -ettannoo ei -ettane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat Partisipat
active passive
1st -eta present -eneva -ettava
2nd inessive -etees past -ent, -ennut -ettu
instructive -eten 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect.
2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect.
*) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (-etkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well.
**) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative
***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential
****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd illative -enommaa
inessive -enomas
elative -enomast
abessive -enomata
4th nominative -enomiin
partitive -enomista, -enomist
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-eta

  1. impersonal present indicative connegative of -taa

Italian

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Etymology

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From Latin -ēta, plural of -ētum. Compare -eto.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈe.ta/
  • Rhymes: -eta
  • Hyphenation: -é‧ta

Suffix

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-eta f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ete)

  1. wood, forest
    sughera (cork oak) + ‎-eta → ‎sughereta (cork oak forest)
  2. orchard, grove, plantation
    ulivo (olive, olive tree) + ‎-eta → ‎uliveta (olive grove)

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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Latin

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Suffix

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-ēta

  1. nominative/accusative/vocative plural of -ētum

Portuguese

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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    In some words from Italian -etta and in others from French -ette. Both come from Latin -itta. Doublet of -ita and -ete.

    Pronunciation

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    Suffix

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    -eta f

    1. forms the diminutive of feminine nouns, often as an adaptation of French loanwords ending in -ette
      Synonym: -ete
      canção (song) + ‎-eta → ‎cançoneta (short, cheerful song)

    Suffix

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    -eta m or f

    1. person missing a body part, especially if they have only one part of a pair, such as only one hand or one foot

    Derived terms

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    Spanish

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from French -ette and Italian -etta. Doublet of -ita and -eta.

    Suffix

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    -eta f (noun-forming suffix, plural -etas)

    1. Alternative form of -ete; added to nouns and adjectives that often adds a diminutive or particularizing sense to the base
      banca (bench) + ‎-eta → ‎banqueta (footstool, small bench)
      casa (house) + ‎-eta → ‎caseta (hut)

    Usage notes

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    • Used especially after feminine nouns. Compare -ete.

    Derived terms

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    Further reading

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    Veps

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    Etymology 1

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    From Proto-Finnic *-t'ak. Related to Finnish -eta.

    Suffix

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    -eta

    1. Forms intransitive verbs from adjectives, indicating "to become".
    Inflection
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    Inflection of -eta (inflection type 28/edeta)
    1st infinitive -eta
    present indic. -eneb
    past indic. -eni
    present
    indicative
    past
    indicative
    imperative
    1st singular -enen -enin
    2nd singular -ened -enid -ene
    3rd singular -eneb -eni -ekaha
    1st plural -enem -enim -ekam
    2nd plural -enet -enit -ekat
    3rd plural -etas
    -eneba
    -eniba -ekaha
    sing. conneg.1 -ene -enend -ene
    plur. conneg. -ekoi -enugoi -ekoi
    present
    conditional
    past
    conditional
    potential
    1st singular -enižin -enuižin -enenen
    2nd singular -enižid -enuižid -enened
    3rd singular -eniži -enuiži -eneneb
    1st plural -enižim -enuižim -enenem
    2nd plural -enižit -enuižit -enenet
    3rd plural -enižiba -enuižiba -eneneba
    connegative -eniži -enuiži -enene
    non-finite forms
    1st infinitive -eta
    2nd infinitive 3rd infinitive
    inessive -etes inessive -enemas
    instructive -eten illative -enemaha
    participles elative -enemaspäi
    present active -enii adessive -enemal
    past active -enu abessive -enemat
    past passive -etud
    1 In imperative: used only in the second-person singular. The plural form is used with other persons.
    Derived terms
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    Etymology 2

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    From Proto-Finnic *-ntadak. Related to Finnish -(e)ntaa.

    Suffix

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    -eta

    1. Forms transitive verbs from adjectives, indicating "to make" or "to cause to become".
    Inflection
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    Inflection of -eta (inflection type 29/koheta)
    1st infinitive -eta
    present indic. -endab
    past indic. -enzi
    present
    indicative
    past
    indicative
    imperative
    1st singular -endan -enzin
    2nd singular -endad -enzid -enda
    3rd singular -endab -enzi -ekaha
    1st plural -endam -enzim -ekam
    2nd plural -endat -enzit -ekat
    3rd plural -etas
    -endaba
    -enziba -ekaha
    sing. conneg.1 -enda -endand -enda
    plur. conneg. -ekoi -enugoi -ekoi
    present
    conditional
    past
    conditional
    potential
    1st singular -endaižin -enuižin -endanen
    2nd singular -endaižid -enuižid -endaned
    3rd singular -endaiži -enuiži -endaneb
    1st plural -endaižim -enuižim -endanem
    2nd plural -endaižit -enuižit -endanet
    3rd plural -endaižiba -enuižiba -endaneba
    connegative -endaiži -enuiži -endane
    non-finite forms
    1st infinitive -eta
    2nd infinitive 3rd infinitive
    inessive -etes inessive -endamas
    instructive -eten illative -endamaha
    participles elative -endamaspäi
    present active -endai adessive -endamal
    past active -enu abessive -endamat
    past passive -etud
    1 In imperative: used only in the second-person singular. The plural form is used with other persons.
    Derived terms
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