-nik
English
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]From the Slavic suffix represented by Russian -ник (-nik). This suffix experienced a surge in English coinages for nicknames and diminutives after the Soviet launch of the first Sputnik satellite in 1957. Its usage in English is heavily influenced by Yiddish usage of ־ניק (-nik) and similar borrowed words (nogoodnik, nudnik, kibbutznik).
Suffix
[edit]-nik (noun-forming suffix, plural -niks or -niki or -nikim)
- Creates a nickname for a person who exemplifies, endorses, or is associated with the thing or quality specified (by the base form), often a particular ideology or preference.
Usage notes
[edit]- The plural -niki is usually only used in contexts related to Russia or the former Soviet Union; e.g., beatniki, peaceniki, refuseniki.
- Terms from Yiddish may also have plurals in -nikim; e.g., Chabadnikim, Likudnikim, kibbutznikim.
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Kabakchi, V. V. with Doyle, Charles Clay (Autumn 1990), “Of Sputniks, Beatniks, and Nogoodniks”, in American Speech[1], volume 65, number 3, →JSTOR, pages 275-278
Anagrams
[edit]Basque
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From -n (“that”) + -ik (partitive suffix).
Conjunction
[edit]-nik
- Negative polarity item used to form relative clauses, that
- Ez dut esan etorriko direnik. ― I didn't say that they'll come.
Usage notes
[edit]- The form taken by this clitic depends on the ending of the verbal form to which it is attached, see the usage notes at -n.
Estonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Compare Ingrian -nikka, Livonian -nikā, Latvian -nieks and Russian -ник (-nik).
Suffix
[edit]-nik (genitive -niku, partitive -nikku)
- Forms occupational agent nouns. (non-productive)
Declension
[edit]| Declension of -nik (ÕS type 25/õnnelik, length gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | -nik | -nikud | |
| accusative | nom. | ||
| gen. | -niku | ||
| genitive | -nike -nikkude | ||
| partitive | -nikku | -nikke -nikkusid | |
| illative | -nikku -nikusse |
-nikesse -nikkudesse | |
| inessive | -nikus | -nikes -nikkudes | |
| elative | -nikust | -nikest -nikkudest | |
| allative | -nikule | -nikele -nikkudele | |
| adessive | -nikul | -nikel -nikkudel | |
| ablative | -nikult | -nikelt -nikkudelt | |
| translative | -nikuks | -nikeks -nikkudeks | |
| terminative | -nikuni | -nikeni -nikkudeni | |
| essive | -nikuna | -nikena -nikkudena | |
| abessive | -nikuta | -niketa -nikkudeta | |
| comitative | -nikuga | -nikega -nikkudega | |
Derived terms
[edit]Lower Sorbian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *-nikъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-nik m
- Forms masculine nouns referring to a performer of some action, sometimes a device; -er
Declension
[edit]Animate nouns:
Inanimate nouns:
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- -nica f
Ojibwe
[edit]Noun
[edit]-nik (plural -nikan, obligatorily possessed)
Derived terms
[edit]- gichinik (“right hand”)
- ginik (“your arm”)
- ingodonik (“one arm; one armlength”)
- jiiskinikebizon (“bracelet; garter”)
- midaasonik (“ten arms; ten armlengths”)
- minikeyaab (“armband; bracelet”)
- ninik (“my arm”)
- onik (“his arm”)
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/main-entry/ninik-nid
Old Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-nikъ.
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-nik m
- forms masculine nouns referring to a performer of some action, sometimes a device
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Polish: -nik
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish -nik
Pronunciation
[edit]Suffix
[edit]-nik m
- forms masculine nouns referring to a performer of some action, sometimes a device; -er
Declension
[edit]Personal nouns:
Impersonal nouns:
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-nikъ, *-ьnikъ, itself originally by nominalization of adjectives in *-ьnъ with the suffix *-ikъ (whence -ik). The suffix originates from the Proto-Balto-Slavic period; compare with dialectal Lithuanian lauk-inykas (“peasant, farmer”) (from laũkas (“field”)) and Old Prussian lauk-inikis (“vassal”).
Suffix
[edit]-nik (Cyrillic spelling -ник)
- Suffix appended to nominal stems to create a masculine noun, usually denoting a professional, performer, adherent, place, object, tool or a feature.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Skok, Petar (1971), “-nik”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 1 (A – J), Zagreb: JAZU, page 515
- English terms derived from Slavic languages
- English terms derived from Yiddish
- English lemmas
- English suffixes
- English noun-forming suffixes
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- Basque terms suffixed with -ik
- Basque lemmas
- Basque conjunctions
- Basque clitics
- Basque terms with usage examples
- Estonian lemmas
- Estonian suffixes
- Estonian noun-forming suffixes
- Estonian õnnelik-type nominals
- Lower Sorbian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Lower Sorbian lemmas
- Lower Sorbian suffixes
- Lower Sorbian noun-forming suffixes
- Lower Sorbian masculine suffixes
- Ojibwe lemmas
- Ojibwe nouns
- Ojibwe inanimate nouns
- Ojibwe dependent inanimate nouns
- oj:Body parts
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Polish lemmas
- Old Polish suffixes
- Old Polish masculine suffixes
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish terms derived from Old Polish
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ik
- Rhymes:Polish/ik/1 syllable
- Polish lemmas
- Polish suffixes
- Polish masculine suffixes
- Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian suffixes