Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/andi

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti, locative of *h₂ent- (“front, forehead”). West Germanic continues an enclitic variant. The Old High German forms in *u- may continue the genitive singular *h₂n̥tés instead.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑn.di/

Conjunction

*andi

1. in addition, furthermore, and

See also

• *anda-

Descendants

• Old English: and, ond, end, ᚪᚾᛞ (and), ᛖᚾᛞ (end) — Franks Casket
  • Middle English: and, annd, ant, an, en, ⁊, &
    • English: and
    • Scots: an
    • Yola: an, an', and
• Old Frisian: and, ande, ende
  • North Frisian: en
  • Saterland Frisian: un
  • West Frisian: en, in
• Old Saxon: endi
  • Middle Low German: ende, end, en; unde, und, un; (western also) inde, ind, in; (early) ande
    • Dutch Low Saxon: en, in
    • German Low German: un, on
    • Plautdietsch: un, en
    • → Latvian: un
• Old Dutch: ande, enda, in, indi, unde
  • Middle Dutch: ende, en, end, enn, enne; (early) inde; (very rare) unde, ande
    • Dutch: en, ende (archaic)
      • Afrikaans: en
      • Berbice Creole Dutch: an
      • Jersey Dutch: en
      • Negerhollands: en, an
      • Petjo: en
      • Sranan Tongo: èn
    • Limburgish: ènde, ènd, èn, è
• Old High German: unti, unta, unte, unda, undi, unde, un; anti, and; enti, endi, end; inti, indi, int, in
  • Middle High German: unde, unt, und, unn; onde, ont; (Central Franconian) inde
    • Bavarian: und
      • Cimbrian: un
      • Mòcheno: ont
    • Central Franconian: en, an (< inde), on, un (< unde, now predominant, originally south-eastern)
      • Hunsrik: un
      • Luxembourgish: an
    • German: und
    • Rhine Franconian: un, on
      • Pennsylvania German: un
    • Yiddish: און (un)
• Proto-Norse: (from *anþi)
  • Old Norse: enn
    • Icelandic: enn
    • Faroese: enn
    • Norwegian: enn
    • Old Swedish: æn
      • Swedish: än
    • Danish: end
  • • Estonian: ent
    • Finnish: entä
    • Ingrian: entä

References

• Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN