er-
See also: Appendix:Variations of "er"
Dutch
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *uz- in unstressed positions. The Middle Dutch er- prefix mostly merged with ver- and her- in Modern Dutch. The current prefix is therefore either a direct continuation of this prefix or loaned from Old High German ir-, Middle High German er-. A prefix with the same origin but in stressed positions is oor-.
Pronunciation
Prefix
er-
- Inseparable verbal prefix that indicates the cause or beginning of an action.
Derived terms
German
Etymology
From Middle High German er-, from Old High German ir-, from Proto-West Germanic *uʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *uz-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɛɐ̯/ Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "standard" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.
- IPA(key): /ɛ/, /ɐ/ Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "common speech" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.
Audio: (file)
Prefix
- Inseparable verbal prefix that indicates a successful conclusion, leads to the wanted result.
- Inseparable verbal prefix that indicates killing or dying.
- Prefix signifying a notion of getting something by some means, usually through conscious effort.
- er- + arbeiten (“to work”) → erarbeiten (“to gain something by means of working for it”)
Usage notes
- In sense 3, the prefix is of almost unlimited productivity, provided that the underlying verb has initial stress. Such random constructs as sich etwas ertanzen (“to get something by dancing”), sich etwas erkuscheln (“to get something by cuddling”), etc., are all possible and intelligible.
Derived terms
Derived terms
- erbarmen
- erbauen
- erbeben
- erbeten
- erbetteln
- erbeuten
- erbieten
- erbitten
- erbohren
- erborgen
- erbrausen
- erbrechen
- erbrüten
- erdichten
- ereignen
- erfahren
- erfassen
- erfechten
- erfeilschen
- erfinden
- erfliegen
- erfochten
- erfolgen
- erforschen
- erfreuen
- erfrieren
Swedish
Etymology
From German er-, from Old High German ir-, and/or from Middle Low German er-, from Old Saxon ā-, both from Proto-Germanic *uz-.
Prefix
er-
- Inseparable verbal prefix that indicates an emphasizing meaning
Derived terms
Derived terms
Anagrams
Tocharian B
Etymology
From Proto-Tocharian *er- (whence also Tocharian A ar-), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to move, stir”).
Verb
er-
- to evoke, call up
- to produce, yield, bring forth
Further reading
- Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “er-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 98-99
Categories:
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old High German
- Dutch terms derived from Middle High German
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch prefixes
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German 1-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- Swedish terms derived from German
- Swedish terms derived from Old High German
- Swedish terms derived from Middle Low German
- Swedish terms derived from Old Saxon
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish prefixes
- Tocharian B terms inherited from Proto-Tocharian
- Tocharian B terms derived from Proto-Tocharian
- Tocharian B terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Tocharian B terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Tocharian B lemmas
- Tocharian B verbs