folc

See also: Folc and FoLC

Catalan

Alternative forms

• folcat

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *folk (“people, tribe”), perhaps via a Vulgar Latin fulcus. Compare Old French foulc (Modern French foule).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencia) [ˈfolk]

Noun

folc m (plural folcs)

1. herd, flock

   Synonym: ramat

Further reading

• “folc” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

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Friulian

Etymology

From Latin fulgur.

Noun

folc m

1. thunderbolt

   Synonyms: saete, sfulmin

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Irish

Etymology 1

From Old Irish folc (“heavy rain, wet weather”).

Noun

folc f (genitive singular foilce, nominative plural folca)

1. downpour, flood

Declension

Declension of folc

Second declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative folc folca Vocative a fholc a fholca Genitive foilce folc Dative folc folca

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an fholc na folca Genitive na foilce na bhfolc Dative leis an bhfolc don fholc leis na folca

Derived terms

• folcmhar (“pouring, torrential”, adjective)

Etymology 2

From Old Irish folcaid (“washes”). Cognate with Welsh golchi, Cornish golhi, Breton gwalc'hiñ.

Verb

folc (present analytic folcann, future analytic folcfaidh, verbal noun folcadh, past participle folctha)

1. (transitive) bathe
2. (transitive) wash
3. (transitive) immerse, submerge, drench

Conjugation

conjugation of folc (first conjugation – A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	folcaim	folcann tú; folcair†	folcann sé, sí	folcaimid	folcann sibh	folcann siad; folcaid†	a fholcann; a fholcas / a bhfolcann*; a bhfolcas*	folctar
	past	d'fholc mé; d'fholcas / fholc mé‡; fholcas‡	d'fholc tú; d'fholcais / fholc tú; fholcais‡	d'fholc sé, sí / fholc sé, sí‡	d'fholcamar; d'fholc muid / fholcamar; fholc muid‡	d'fholc sibh; d'fholcabhair / fholc sibh; fholcabhair‡	d'fholc siad; d'fholcadar / fholc siad; fholcadar‡	a d'fholc / ar fholc*	folcadh
	past habitual	d'fholcainn / fholcainn‡; bhfolcainn‡‡	d'fholctá / fholctá‡; bhfolctᇇ	d'fholcadh sé, sí / fholcadh sé, sí‡; bhfolcadh sé, s퇇	d'fholcaimis; d'fholcadh muid / fholcaimis; fholcadh muid‡; bhfolcaimis‡‡; bhfolcadh muid‡‡	d'fholcadh sibh / fholcadh sibh‡; bhfolcadh sibh‡‡	d'fholcaidís; d'fholcadh siad / fholcaidís; fholcadh siad‡; bhfolcaidís‡‡; bhfolcadh siad‡‡	a d'fholcadh / a bhfolcadh*	d'fholctaí / fholctaí‡; bhfolcta퇇
future		folcfaidh mé; folcfad	folcfaidh tú; folcfair†	folcfaidh sé, sí	folcfaimid; folcfaidh muid	folcfaidh sibh	folcfaidh siad; folcfaid†	a fholcfaidh; a fholcfas / a bhfolcfaidh*; a bhfolcfas*	folcfar
conditional		d'fholcfainn / fholcfainn‡; bhfolcfainn‡‡	d'fholcfá / fholcfá‡; bhfolcfᇇ	d'fholcfadh sé, sí / fholcfadh sé, sí‡; bhfolcfadh sé, s퇇	d'fholcfaimis; d'fholcfadh muid / fholcfaimis‡; fholcfadh muid‡; bhfolcfaimis‡‡; bhfolcfadh muid‡‡	d'fholcfadh sibh / fholcfadh sibh‡; bhfolcfadh sibh‡‡	d'fholcfaidís; d'fholcfadh siad / fholcfaidís‡; fholcfadh siad‡; bhfolcfaidís‡‡; bhfolcfadh siad‡‡	a d'fholcfadh / a bhfolcfadh*	d'fholcfaí / fholcfaí‡; bhfolcfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go bhfolca mé; go bhfolcad†	go bhfolca tú; go bhfolcair†	go bhfolca sé, sí	go bhfolcaimid; go bhfolca muid	go bhfolca sibh	go bhfolca siad; go bhfolcaid†	—	go bhfolctar
	past	dá bhfolcainn	dá bhfolctá	dá bhfolcadh sé, sí	dá bhfolcaimis; dá bhfolcadh muid	dá bhfolcadh sibh	dá bhfolcaidís; dá bhfolcadh siad	—	dá bhfolctaí
imperative		folcaim	folc	folcadh sé, sí	folcaimis	folcaigí; folcaidh†	folcaidís	—	folctar
verbal noun		folcadh
past participle		folctha

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Derived terms

• folcadán (“bath”)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
folc	fholc	bhfolc
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “folc”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “folc”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “folc”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

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Middle English

Noun

folc

1. (chiefly Early Middle English) Alternative form of folk

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Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *folk, from Proto-Germanic *fulką.

Noun

folc n

1. people, folk

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Middle Dutch: volc
  • Dutch: volk
    • Afrikaans: volk
    • Negerhollands: volk, folok, folk, fulok, fuluk, folluk
    • → Sranan Tongo: folku
  • Limburgish: vouk

Further reading

• “folk”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

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Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *fulką (“people”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /folk/, [foɫk]

Noun

folc n

1. the people, especially the common people

   Lēodhatan frēoġaþ hīe selfe, ac hīe ġeþēowiaþ þæt folc.

   Dictators free themselves, but they enslave the people.

2. a people, nation, or tribe

   "Iūdēum þyncþ þæt hīe sīen Godes ġecorene folc." "Hwā ne dēþ?"

   "The Jews think they're God's chosen people." "Who doesn't?"

3. crowd
4. (in the singular or plural) people (multiple individuals)
5. military, army; troop
6. (in compounds) popular
7. (in compounds) public, common
8. (in compounds) country, rural

Declension

Declension of folc (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	folc	folc
accusative	folc	folc
genitive	folces	folca
dative	folce	folcum

Derived terms

• folcland
• folclīċ
• folcmōt
• folcryht
• folcsæl
• folcscaru
• folcstede
• folcġerēfa

 

Descendants

• Middle English: folk, folke, foolk, fok, folck, folc, follc, volk
  • English: folk
  • Scots: fowk

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Old Saxon

Noun

folc n

1. Alternative spelling of folk