Sabbath

See also: sabbath

English

Alternative forms

• sabbath

Etymology

From Middle English sabat, sabbat, sabath, from Old English Sabat, from Old French sabat, sabbat and its etymon Latin sabbatum, from Ancient Greek σάββατον (sábbaton, “Sabbath”), from Hebrew שַׁבָּת (shabát, “Sabbath”), with the spelling ending in -th, probably influenced by the traditional transliteration of the Hebrew as shabbāth, being attested since the 14th century and widespread since the 16th.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsæbəθ/

Noun

Sabbath (plural Sabbaths)

1. Saturday, observed in Judaism and some Christian denominations as a day of rest and worship.
2. Sunday, observed in most of Christianity as a day of rest and worship.
3. Friday, observed in Islam as a day of rest and worship.

   There are three Sabbaths–Friday (Muslim), Saturday (Jewish), and Sunday (Christian).

4. A meeting of witches. (Also called a witches' sabbath, sabbat, or black sabbath.)
   • 1971, Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, Folio Society 2012, page 419:

     Around this conception was built up the notion of ritual devil-worship, involving the sabbath or nocturnal meeting at which the witches gathered to worship their master and to copulate with him.

5. (historical) Among the ancient Jews and Hebrews, the seventh year, when the land was left fallow.

   Synonym: Sabbath year

Derived terms

• Sabbathless, Sabbathlike

Related terms

• sabbat, Sabbat
• sabbatarian, Sabbatarian
• sabbatarianism, Sabbatarianism
• sabbatic, Sabbatic
• sabbatical, Sabbatical
• sabbatically, Sabbatically
• sabbatism, Sabbatism
• sabbatise, Sabbatise
• sabbatiser, Sabbatiser
• sabbatist, Sabbatist
• sabbatistic, Sabbatistic
• sabbatistical, Sabbatistical
• sabbatize, Sabbatize
• sabbatizer, Sabbatizer

Translations

Jewish Saturday

• Arabic: اَلسَّبْت (ar) m (as-sabt)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 安息日 (zh) (ānxīrì)

• Czech: sabat (cs) m
• Danish: sabbat (da) c
• Dutch: sabbat (nl) m, sjabbat (nl) m, sjabbes (nl) m
• Esperanto: sabato (eo), ŝabato
• Faroese: sabbatur m
• Finnish: sapatti (fi)
• French: sabbat (fr) m, shabbat (fr) m, chabbat (fr) m
• German: Sabbat (de) m, Schabbat (de) m, Schabbes (de) m
• Greek: σάββατο n (sávvato)

  Ancient: σάββατον n (sábbaton)

• Hebrew: שַׁבָּת (he) f (shabát)
• Ido: sabato (io)
• Irish: Tsabóid; Sabóide
• Japanese: 安息日 (ja) (ansokunichi, ansokujitsu, ansokubi)
• Latin: sabbatum n, Hērōdis diēs f
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Low German: Sabbat m, Schabbat m, Schabbes m
• Maori: hāpati
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: sabbat m

  Nynorsk: sabbat m

• Old English: sabat m
• Persian: شبات (šabât)
• Polish: szabat (pl) m, szabas (pl) m, sabat (pl) m
• Portuguese: sabá (pt) m
• Romanian: Șabat n
• Russian: шабба́т (ru) m (šabbát), суббо́та (ru) f (subbóta) (Saturday)
• Scottish Gaelic: Sàbaid f
• Serbo-Croatian: сабат m, sabat (sh) m
• Spanish: sábado (es) m, sabbat m
• Swedish: sabbat (sv) c
• Thai: สะบาโต (sà-baa-dtoo)
• Volapük: jabat (vo)
• Yiddish: שבת (yi) m (shabes)

Christian Sunday

• Danish: søndag (da) c
• Esperanto: dimanĉo (eo)
• Finnish: sapatti (fi)
• French: dimanche (fr) m
• German: Sonntag (de) m
• Hebrew: יוֹם רִאשׁוֹן (he) m (yom rishón)
• Ido: sundio (io)
• Low German: Sünndag m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: søndag (no) m

  Nynorsk: sundag (nn) m, søndag (nn) m

• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Portuguese: domingo (pt) m
• Russian: воскресе́нье (ru) n (voskresénʹje)
• Serbo-Croatian: недеља f, nedelja (sh) f
• Spanish: domingo (es) m
• Swedish: söndag (sv) c, sabbat (sv) c
• Ukrainian: неділя (uk) f (nedilja)

Muslim Friday

• Finnish: sapatti (fi)
• French: vendredi (fr) m
• German: Freitag (de) m
• Hebrew: יוֹם שִׁשִּׁי (he) m (yom shishí)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Hindi: शुक्रवार (hi) (śukravār)
• Low German: Freedag m, Friedag (nds) m
• Russian: пя́тница (ru) f (pjátnica)
• Serbo-Croatian: петак m, petak (sh) m

witches' Sabbath

• Basque: akelarre (eu)
• Catalan: aquelarre (ca), akelarre (ca)
• Czech: sabat (cs) m
• Danish: heksesabbat c
• Dutch: heksensabbat (nl) m
• Esperanto: sabatorgio
• Finnish: noitasapatti
• French: sabbat (fr) m, esba
• German: Hexensabbat (de) m, Hexentanz m, Teufelstanz m
• Italian: sabba m
• Low German: Hexensabbat m,
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: heksesabbat m

  Nynorsk: heksesabbat m

• Polish: sabat (pl) m
• Portuguese: sabbat, sabá (pt) m
• Russian: ша́ба́ш (ru) m (šábáš), ша́ба́ш ведьм m (šábáš vedʹm)
• Serbo-Croatian: врзино коло n, vrzino kolo (sh) n
• Spanish: aquelarre (es) m
• Swedish: häxsabbat c
• Ukrainian: ша́баш (uk) m (šábaš)

See also

• Gregorian calendar
• Jewish calendar
• Islamic calendar

Anagrams

• Shabbat, shabbat