Template talk:et-verb
Latest comment: 10 years ago by Neitrāls vārds in topic Object case
Can we get usage instructions for this? — Jeraphine Gryphon 02:12, 27 December 2011 (UTC)
Object case[edit]
Would anyone have any objections to an object case parameter. This is a hot topic for me in Livonian and I often turn to Estonian for pointers. In Latvian for example accusative (~ Finnic partitive) is used almost universally for an object without spacial/directional relationships. Finnic languages tend to be much more creative with their choice of the object case which would probably be of interest to anyone learning the languages. For example otsima apparently usually takes partitive (as I would expect):
- Kas sa otsid eilset päeva? (part.) – Are you looking for the day passed (yesterday)? (an idiom apparently)
- Otsi teda nagu nõela heina sees! (part.) – Look/search for him like a needle in a haystack!
But then:
- Viimist Liivimaa liivlast otsimas (elat.) – Looking for the last Vidzeme Livonian
Perhaps it's poetic, archaic but still could be indicated. (Commonly using genitive objects (since lv doesn't have elative) is one of the "signature" characteristics of western Latvian dialects this would lead me to think that elative objects could be very common in liv and perhaps also et.)
Not sure what the source of these could be (except native speakers knowledge), ÕS 2013 gives only partitive examples for otsima, e.g., Otsib kääre, korterit, riidu. Neitrāls vārds (talk) 19:58, 1 April 2014 (UTC)
- Presumably, different cases are used with different meanings. So I think this should be indicated in the definition line with a context label, not in the headword line. —CodeCat 20:02, 1 April 2014 (UTC)
- (made a minor edit and didn't even see the reply with this awful font!) OK, in your opinion what would be the semantic difference between the first 2 (bulleted) sentences and the 3rd one? All three seem to me a plain object without spacial/directional relationship. Neitrāls vārds (talk) 20:19, 1 April 2014 (UTC)
- I have no idea, I don't really speak any Estonian. —CodeCat 20:42, 1 April 2014 (UTC)
- Neither do I, hehhe... What I can lean on are lv calques (and there are quite many). The "last Livonian" example with elative instantly reminds me of, say, western lv es redzēj mamms (~ es redzēju mammas) vs. standard es redzēju mammu. Both are identical in what they convey except one is dialectal and the other is standard. (The Russian (somewhat semantic) gender distinction (ja videl mamu:acc vs. ja videl otca:gen) (or rather syncretism of masc. acc. and gen. in Russian, not sure) is not at play here either, as both masc. and fem. would be either/or.) If Estonian has this variation on a literary language level it would be very valuable to indicate this.
- I have no idea, I don't really speak any Estonian. —CodeCat 20:42, 1 April 2014 (UTC)
- (made a minor edit and didn't even see the reply with this awful font!) OK, in your opinion what would be the semantic difference between the first 2 (bulleted) sentences and the 3rd one? All three seem to me a plain object without spacial/directional relationship. Neitrāls vārds (talk) 20:19, 1 April 2014 (UTC)
- Of course in light of the long term lack of Estonian editors this would be the least of our concerns. But would you want to add, say, oc= and oc2= as optional parameters, or I could do it as well. Neitrāls vārds (talk) 21:59, 1 April 2014 (UTC)
- But what about the point I raised? Different senses of the same verb might use objects in different cases. Look at Finnish puhua for example. Just using simple "oc=" parameters would not be enough for that, you really need sense-level labels. Estonian and Livonian most likely have similar cases. —CodeCat 22:05, 1 April 2014 (UTC)
- Of course in light of the long term lack of Estonian editors this would be the least of our concerns. But would you want to add, say, oc= and oc2= as optional parameters, or I could do it as well. Neitrāls vārds (talk) 21:59, 1 April 2014 (UTC)
Yes, labels are a good idea. For the second one it could be mandatory with a warning message "provide context for when this object case is used" or similar. Unlike puhua I think these two are "relationally" identical but I suspect that one is poetic, archaic. Were I to add the param to the entry I'd simply put "rare" simply on the basis of ÕS not listing an example with elat. obj. and that could be the fallback for any non-native speaker who is not certain of when exactly the alternative is used (when relationally they seem identical.) Neitrāls vārds (talk) 23:04, 1 April 2014 (UTC)
- I'm not really sure what you're actually asking for. Could you create a subpage of your user page, which shows how you envision the entry should look? —CodeCat 23:33, 1 April 2014 (UTC)
Simply specify them in italics (Latvian prepositions at least do that.)
// Moksha
creation_rules['mdf'] =
function (params, entry)
{
var formparam = {
'indefinite-plural-nominative':'indef|p|nom',
'indefinite-singular-genitive':'indef|s|gen',
'indefinite-plural-genitive':'indef|p|gen',
'indefinite-singular-dative':'indef|s|dat',
'indefinite-plural-dative':'indef|p|dat',
'indefinite-singular-ablative':'indef|s|abl',
'indefinite-plural-ablative':'indef|p|abl',
'indefinite-singular-inessive':'indef|s|ine',
'indefinite-plural-inessive':'indef|p|ine',
'indefinite-singular-elative':'indef|s|ela',
'indefinite-plural-elative':'indef|p|ela',
'indefinite-singular-illative':'indef|s|ill',
'indefinite-plural-illative':'indef|p|ill',
'indefinite-singular-prolative':'indef|s|prolative',
'indefinite-plural-prolative':'indef|p|prolative',
'indefinite-singular-comparative':'indef|s|comparative',
'indefinite-plural-comparative':'indef|p|comparative',
'indefinite-singular-translative':'indef|s|tra',
'indefinite-plural-translative':'indef|p|tra',
'indefinite-singular-abessive':'indef|s|abe',
'indefinite-plural-abessive':'indef|p|abe',
'indefinite-singular-causative':'indef|s|causative',
'indefinite-plural-causative':'indef|p|causative',
'definite-singular-nominative':'def|s|nom',
'definite-plural-nominative':'def|p|nom',
'definite-singular-genitive':'def|s|gen',
'definite-plural-genitive':'def|p|gen',
'definite-singular-dative':'def|s|dat',
'definite-plural-dative':'def|p|dat',
'possessive':'possessive',
'first-person-singular-copulative':'1|s|copulative',
'second-person-singular-copulative':'2|s|copulative',
'third-person-singular-copulative':'3|s|copulative',
'first-person-plural-copulative':'1|p|copulative',
'second-person-plural-copulative':'2|p|copulative',
'third-person-plural-copulative':'3|p|copulative',
'first-person-singular-present-indicative':'1|s|pres|ind',
'second-person-singular-present-indicative':'2|s|pres|ind',
'third-person-singular-present-indicative':'3|s|pres|ind',
'first-person-plural-present-indicative':'1|p|pres|ind',
'second-person-plural-present-indicative':'2|p|pres|ind',
'third-person-plural-present-indicative':'3|p|pres|ind',
'first-person-singular-past-indicative':'1|s|past|ind',
'second-person-singular-past-indicative':'2|s|past|ind',
'third-person-singular-past-indicative':'3|s|past|ind',
'first-person-plural-past-indicative':'1|p|past|ind',
'second-person-plural-past-indicative':'2|p|past|ind',
'third-person-plural-past-indicative':'3|p|past|ind',
'first-person-singular-subjunctive':'1|s|sub',
'second-person-singular-subjunctive':'2|s|sub',
'third-person-singular-subjunctive':'3|s|sub',
'first-person-plural-subjunctive':'1|p|sub',
'second-person-plural-subjunctive':'2|p|sub',
'third-person-plural-subjunctive':'3|p|sub',
'second-person-singular-imperative':'2|s|imp',
'second-person-plural-imperative':'2|p|imp',
'connegative':'connegative',
'gerund-connegative':'gerund|connegative'};
if (!formparam[params.form])
throw new PreloadTextError('No rule for "' + params.form + '" in language "' + params.lang + '".');
entry.def = '{{inflection of|' + params.origin + '||' + formparam[params.form] + '|lang=' + params.lang + '}}';
}
// Erzya
creation_rules['myv'] =
function (params, entry)
{
var formparam = {
'indefinite-plural-nominative':'indef|p|nom',
'indefinite-singular-genitive':'indef|s|gen',
'indefinite-plural-genitive':'indef|p|gen',
'indefinite-singular-dative':'indef|s|dat',
'indefinite-plural-dative':'indef|p|dat',
'indefinite-singular-ablative':'indef|s|abl',
'indefinite-plural-ablative':'indef|p|abl',
'indefinite-singular-inessive':'indef|s|ine',
'indefinite-plural-inessive':'indef|p|ine',
'indefinite-singular-elative':'indef|s|ela',
'indefinite-plural-elative':'indef|p|ela',
'indefinite-singular-illative':'indef|s|ill',
'indefinite-plural-illative':'indef|p|ill',
'indefinite-singular-prolative':'indef|s|prolative',
'indefinite-plural-prolative':'indef|p|prolative',
'indefinite-singular-comparative':'indef|s|comparative',
'indefinite-plural-comparative':'indef|p|comparative',
'indefinite-singular-translative':'indef|s|tra',
'indefinite-plural-translative':'indef|p|tra',
'indefinite-singular-abessive':'indef|s|abe',
'indefinite-plural-abessive':'indef|p|abe',
'definite-singular-nominative':'def|s|nom',
'definite-plural-nominative':'def|p|nom',
'definite-singular-genitive':'def|s|gen',
'definite-plural-genitive':'def|p|gen',
'definite-singular-dative':'def|s|dat',
'definite-plural-dative':'def|p|dat'
'definite-singular-ablative':'def|s|abl',
'definite-plural-ablative':'def|p|abl',
'definite-singular-inessive':'def|s|ine',
'definite-plural-inessive':'def|p|ine',
'definite-singular-elative':'def|s|ela',
'definite-plural-elative':'def|p|ela',
'definite-singular-illative':'def|s|ill',
'definite-plural-illative':'def|p|ill',
'definite-singular-prolative':'def|s|prolative',
'definite-plural-prolative':'def|p|prolative',
'definite-singular-comparative':'def|s|comparative',
'definite-plural-comparative':'def|p|comparative',
'definite-singular-translative':'def|s|tra',
'definite-plural-translative':'def|p|tra',
'definite-singular-abessive':'def|s|abe',
'definite-plural-abessive':'def|p|abe'};
if (!formparam[params.form])
throw new PreloadTextError('No rule for "' + params.form + '" in language "' + params.lang + '".');
entry.def = '{{inflection of|' + params.origin + '||' + formparam[params.form] + '|lang=' + params.lang + '}}';
}
// Latvian (only nouns)
creation_rules['lv'] =
function (params, entry)
{
var formparam = {
'plural-nominative':'nom|p',
'singular-genitive':'gen|s',
'plural-genitive':'gen|p',
'singular-dative':'dat|s',
'plural-dative':'dat|p',
'singular-accusative':'acc|s',
'plural-accusative':'acc|p',
'singular-instrumental':'ins|s',
'plural-instrumental':'ins|p',
'singular-locative':'loc|s',
'plural-locative':'loc|p',
'singular-vocative':'voc|s',
'plural-vocative':'voc|p'};
if (!formparam[params.form])
throw new PreloadTextError('No rule for "' + params.form + '" in language "' + params.lang + '".');
entry.def = '{{lv-inflection of|' + params.origin + '|' + formparam[params.form] + '}}';
}
span class="form-of comparative-form-of lang-hu"
span class="form-of comparative-form-of lang-hu"
first-person singular present indicative indefinite copulative of цёра (ćora)
- genitive of multiple possessions by a first-person singular possessor of марь (maŕ)
- dative of multiple possessions by first-person singular of марь (maŕ)
- ablative of one or multiple possessions by first-person singular of марь (maŕ)
- first-person singular possessive plural genitive of марь (maŕ)
Subjective conjugation of et-verb
| Present / future | ||
|---|---|---|
| positive | negative | |
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | — | — |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | — |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | — | — |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | — | — |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | — |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | — | — |
| Past I | ||
| positive | negative | |
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | — | — |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | — |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | — | — |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | — | — |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | — |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | — | — |
| Compound future | ||
| positive | negative | |
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | — | — |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | — |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | — | — |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | — | — |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | — |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | — | — |
| Imperative | ||
| positive | negative | |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | — |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | — |
| Past II / subjunctive | ||
| positive | negative | |
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | — | —1 |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | —1 |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | — | —1 |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | — | —1 |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | —1 |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | — | —1 |
| Conditional | ||
| positive | negative | |
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | — | — |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | — |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | — | — |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | — | — |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | — |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | — | — |
| Subjunctive of conditional | ||
| positive | negative | |
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | — | — |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | — |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | — | — |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | — | — |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | — |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | — | — |
| Desiderative | ||
| positive | negative | |
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | — | — |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | — |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | — | — |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | — | — |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | — |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | — | — |
| Optative | ||
| positive | negative | |
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | — | — |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | — |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | — | — |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | — | — |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | — |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | — | — |
| Non-finite forms | ||
| infinitive | — | |
| ma-infinitive / verbal noun | — | |
| mda-infinitive | — | |
| past passive participle | — | |
| agentive / pres. act. part. | — | |
| gerund | — | |
| gerund negative | — | |
| present passive participle | — | |
Etymology[edit]
According to UEW, from Proto-Finno-Ugric [Finno-Volgaic in original] *muda, *muďa (“silt, clay, mud”) whence also Finnish muta (“mire, mud”), according to Veršinin, other cognates may include Finnish mantere (“land, continent”), perhaps musta (“black”), Eastern Mari модо, муды, муто (modo, mudy, muto, “blueberry”), perhaps the element бота- (bota-) in Erzya ботавомс (botavoms, “to become turbid, muddy [of water]”), the element бут- (but-) in бутра, путра (butra , putra, “turbid, muddy”).
Russian мата (mata, “white clay”) from Mordvinic (via Tatar мәте (mäte)), similarity of Russian мутный (mutnyj, “turbid, muddy”) likely coincidental, the term derives from мутить (mutitʹ, “to muddy; to cloud”) [compare Serbo-Croatian mutiti (“to stir, disturb”)]. Russian материк (materik, “land, continent”), however, likely has been influenced by Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language, etymology language or family code; the value "fiu-fin" is not valid. See WT:LOL, WT:LOL/E and WT:LOF..
Subjective conjugation of et-verb
| Present / future | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | ащан (aščan) | |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | ащат (aščat) | |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | ащи (ašči) | |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | ащетяма (aščeťama) | |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | ащетяда (aščeťada) | |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | ащихть (aščihť) | |
| Past I | ||
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | ащень (aščeń) | |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | ащеть (aščeť) | |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | ащесь (aščeś) | |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | ащеме (aščeme) | |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | ащeде (aščeďe) | |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | ащесть (aščesť) | |
| Compound future | ||
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | карман ащема (karman aščema) | |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | кармат ащема (karmat aščema) | |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | кармай ащема (karmaj aščema) | |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | карматама ащема (karmatama aščema) | |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | карматада ащема (karmatada aščema) | |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | кармайхть ащема (karmajhť aščema) | |
| Imperative | ||
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | ащек (ašček) | |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | ащеда (aščeda) | |
| Non-finite forms | ||
| verbal noun | ащема (aščema) | |
| past passive participle | — | |
| agentive / pres. act. part. | ащи (ašči) | |
| present passive participle | — | |
Subjective conjugation in other moods is possible.
Objective conjugation is possible for transitive verbs, see, for example, кундамс (kundams).
Objective conjugation is possible for transitive verbs, see, for example, кундамс (kundams).
Subjective conjugation of et-verb
| Present / future | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | тонафтан (tonaftan) | |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | тонафтат (tonaftat) | |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | тонафты (tonafti) | |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | тонафттама (tonafttama) | |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | тонафттада (tonafttada) | |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | тонафтыхть (tonaftihť) | |
| Past I | ||
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | тонафтонь (tonaftoń) | |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | тонафтоть (tonaftoť) | |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | тонафтсь (tonaftś) | |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | тонафтоме (tonaftome) | |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | тонафтоде (tonaftoďe) | |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | тонафтсть (tonaftsť) | |
| Compound future | ||
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | карман тонафтома (karman tonaftoma) | |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | кармат тонафтома (karmat tonaftoma) | |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | кармай тонафтома (karmaj tonaftoma) | |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | карматама тонафтома (karmatama tonaftoma) | |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | карматада тонафтома (karmatada tonaftoma) | |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | кармайхть тонафтома (karmajhť tonaftoma) | |
| Imperative | ||
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | тонафтт (tonaftt) | |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | тонафтода (tonaftoda) | |
| Non-finite forms | ||
| verbal noun | тонафтома (tonaftoma) | |
| past passive participle | тонафтф (tonaftf) | |
| agentive / pres. act. part. | тонафты (tonafti) | |
| present passive participle | тонафтови (tonaftovi) | |
Subjective conjugation in other moods is possible.
Objective conjugation is possible for transitive verbs, see, for example, кундамс (kundams).
Objective conjugation is possible for transitive verbs, see, for example, кундамс (kundams).
// Moksha
creation_rules['mdf'] =
function (params, entry)
{
var formparam = {
'indefinite-plural-nominative':'indef|p|nom',
'indefinite-singular-genitive':'indef|s|gen',
'indefinite-plural-genitive':'indef|p|gen',
'indefinite-singular-dative':'indef|s|dat',
'indefinite-plural-dative':'indef|p|dat',
'indefinite-singular-ablative':'indef|s|abl',
'indefinite-plural-ablative':'indef|p|abl',
'indefinite-singular-inessive':'indef|s|ine',
'indefinite-plural-inessive':'indef|p|ine',
'indefinite-singular-elative':'indef|s|ela',
'indefinite-plural-elative':'indef|p|ela',
'indefinite-singular-illative':'indef|s|ill',
'indefinite-plural-illative':'indef|p|ill',
'indefinite-singular-prolative':'indef|s|prolative',
'indefinite-plural-prolative':'indef|p|prolative',
'indefinite-singular-comparative':'indef|s|comparative',
'indefinite-plural-comparative':'indef|p|comparative',
'indefinite-singular-translative':'indef|s|tra',
'indefinite-plural-translative':'indef|p|tra',
'indefinite-singular-abessive':'indef|s|abe',
'indefinite-plural-abessive':'indef|p|abe',
'indefinite-singular-causative':'indef|s|causative',
'indefinite-plural-causative':'indef|p|causative',
'definite-singular-nominative':'def|s|nom',
'definite-plural-nominative':'def|p|nom',
'definite-singular-genitive':'def|s|gen',
'definite-plural-genitive':'def|p|gen',
'definite-singular-dative':'def|s|dat',
'definite-plural-dative':'def|p|dat',
'possessive':'possessive',
'first-person-singular-copulative':'1|s|copulative',
'second-person-singular-copulative':'2|s|copulative',
'third-person-singular-copulative':'3|s|copulative',
'first-person-plural-copulative':'1|p|copulative',
'second-person-plural-copulative':'2|p|copulative',
'third-person-plural-copulative':'3|p|copulative',
'first-person-singular-present-indicative':'1|s|pres|ind',
'second-person-singular-present-indicative':'2|s|pres|ind',
'third-person-singular-present-indicative':'3|s|pres|ind',
'first-person-plural-present-indicative':'1|p|pres|ind',
'second-person-plural-present-indicative':'2|p|pres|ind',
'third-person-plural-present-indicative':'3|p|pres|ind',
'first-person-singular-past-indicative':'1|s|past|ind',
'second-person-singular-past-indicative':'2|s|past|ind',
'third-person-singular-past-indicative':'3|s|past|ind',
'first-person-plural-past-indicative':'1|p|past|ind',
'second-person-plural-past-indicative':'2|p|past|ind',
'third-person-plural-past-indicative':'3|p|past|ind',
'first-person-singular-subjunctive':'1|s|sub',
'second-person-singular-subjunctive':'2|s|sub',
'third-person-singular-subjunctive':'3|s|sub',
'first-person-plural-subjunctive':'1|p|sub',
'second-person-plural-subjunctive':'2|p|sub',
'third-person-plural-subjunctive':'3|p|sub',
'second-person-singular-imperative':'2|s|imp',
'second-person-plural-imperative':'2|p|imp',
'connegative':'connegative',
'gerund-connegative':'gerund|connegative'};
if (!formparam[params.form])
throw new PreloadTextError('No rule for "' + params.form + '" in language "' + params.lang + '".');
entry.def = '{{inflection of|' + params.origin + '||' + formparam[params.form] + '|lang=' + params.lang + '}}';
}
// Erzya
creation_rules['myv'] =
function (params, entry)
{
var formparam = {
'indefinite-plural-nominative':'indef|p|nom',
'indefinite-singular-genitive':'indef|s|gen',
'indefinite-plural-genitive':'indef|p|gen',
'indefinite-singular-dative':'indef|s|dat',
'indefinite-plural-dative':'indef|p|dat',
'indefinite-singular-ablative':'indef|s|abl',
'indefinite-plural-ablative':'indef|p|abl',
'indefinite-singular-inessive':'indef|s|ine',
'indefinite-plural-inessive':'indef|p|ine',
'indefinite-singular-elative':'indef|s|ela',
'indefinite-plural-elative':'indef|p|ela',
'indefinite-singular-illative':'indef|s|ill',
'indefinite-plural-illative':'indef|p|ill',
'indefinite-singular-prolative':'indef|s|prolative',
'indefinite-plural-prolative':'indef|p|prolative',
'indefinite-singular-comparative':'indef|s|comparative',
'indefinite-plural-comparative':'indef|p|comparative',
'indefinite-singular-translative':'indef|s|tra',
'indefinite-plural-translative':'indef|p|tra',
'indefinite-singular-abessive':'indef|s|abe',
'indefinite-plural-abessive':'indef|p|abe',
'definite-singular-nominative':'def|s|nom',
'definite-plural-nominative':'def|p|nom',
'definite-singular-genitive':'def|s|gen',
'definite-plural-genitive':'def|p|gen',
'definite-singular-dative':'def|s|dat',
'definite-plural-dative':'def|p|dat'
'definite-singular-ablative':'def|s|abl',
'definite-plural-ablative':'def|p|abl',
'definite-singular-inessive':'def|s|ine',
'definite-plural-inessive':'def|p|ine',
'definite-singular-elative':'def|s|ela',
'definite-plural-elative':'def|p|ela',
'definite-singular-illative':'def|s|ill',
'definite-plural-illative':'def|p|ill',
'definite-singular-prolative':'def|s|prolative',
'definite-plural-prolative':'def|p|prolative',
'definite-singular-comparative':'def|s|comparative',
'definite-plural-comparative':'def|p|comparative',
'definite-singular-translative':'def|s|tra',
'definite-plural-translative':'def|p|tra',
'definite-singular-abessive':'def|s|abe',
'definite-plural-abessive':'def|p|abe'};
if (!formparam[params.form])
throw new PreloadTextError('No rule for "' + params.form + '" in language "' + params.lang + '".');
entry.def = '{{inflection of|' + params.origin + '||' + formparam[params.form] + '|lang=' + params.lang + '}}';
}
// Latvian (only nouns)
creation_rules['lv'] =
function (params, entry)
{
var formparam = {
'plural-nominative':'nom|p',
'singular-genitive':'gen|s',
'plural-genitive':'gen|p',
'singular-dative':'dat|s',
'plural-dative':'dat|p',
'singular-accusative':'acc|s',
'plural-accusative':'acc|p',
'singular-instrumental':'ins|s',
'plural-instrumental':'ins|p',
'singular-locative':'loc|s',
'plural-locative':'loc|p',
'singular-vocative':'voc|s',
'plural-vocative':'voc|p'};
if (!formparam[params.form])
throw new PreloadTextError('No rule for "' + params.form + '" in language "' + params.lang + '".');
entry.def = '{{lv-inflection of|' + params.origin + '|' + formparam[params.form] + '}}';
}
span class="form-of comparative-form-of lang-hu"
span class="form-of comparative-form-of lang-hu"
first-person singular present indicative indefinite copulative of цёра (ćora)
- genitive of multiple possessions by a first-person singular possessor of марь (maŕ)
- dative of multiple possessions by first-person singular of марь (maŕ)
- ablative of one or multiple possessions by first-person singular of марь (maŕ)
- first-person singular possessive plural genitive of марь (maŕ)
Subjective conjugation of et-verb
| Present / future | ||
|---|---|---|
| positive | negative | |
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | — | — |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | — |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | — | — |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | — | — |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | — |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | — | — |
| Past I | ||
| positive | negative | |
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | — | — |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | — |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | — | — |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | — | — |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | — |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | — | — |
| Compound future | ||
| positive | negative | |
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | — | — |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | — |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | — | — |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | — | — |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | — |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | — | — |
| Imperative | ||
| positive | negative | |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | — |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | — |
| Past II / subjunctive | ||
| positive | negative | |
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | — | —1 |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | —1 |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | — | —1 |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | — | —1 |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | —1 |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | — | —1 |
| Conditional | ||
| positive | negative | |
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | — | — |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | — |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | — | — |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | — | — |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | — |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | — | — |
| Subjunctive of conditional | ||
| positive | negative | |
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | — | — |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | — |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | — | — |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | — | — |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | — |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | — | — |
| Desiderative | ||
| positive | negative | |
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | — | — |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | — |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | — | — |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | — | — |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | — |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | — | — |
| Optative | ||
| positive | negative | |
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | — | — |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | — | — |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | — | — |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | — | — |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | — | — |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | — | — |
| Non-finite forms | ||
| infinitive | — | |
| ma-infinitive / verbal noun | — | |
| mda-infinitive | — | |
| past passive participle | — | |
| agentive / pres. act. part. | — | |
| gerund | — | |
| gerund negative | — | |
| present passive participle | — | |
Etymology[edit]
According to UEW, from Proto-Finno-Ugric [Finno-Volgaic in original] *muda, *muďa (“silt, clay, mud”) whence also Finnish muta (“mire, mud”), according to Veršinin, other cognates may include Finnish mantere (“land, continent”), perhaps musta (“black”), Eastern Mari модо, муды, муто (modo, mudy, muto, “blueberry”), perhaps the element бота- (bota-) in Erzya ботавомс (botavoms, “to become turbid, muddy [of water]”), the element бут- (but-) in бутра, путра (butra , putra, “turbid, muddy”).
Russian мата (mata, “white clay”) from Mordvinic (via Tatar мәте (mäte)), similarity of Russian мутный (mutnyj, “turbid, muddy”) likely coincidental, the term derives from мутить (mutitʹ, “to muddy; to cloud”) [compare Serbo-Croatian mutiti (“to stir, disturb”)]. Russian материк (materik, “land, continent”), however, likely has been influenced by Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language, etymology language or family code; the value "fiu-fin" is not valid. See WT:LOL, WT:LOL/E and WT:LOF..
Subjective conjugation of et-verb
| Present / future | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | ащан (aščan) | |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | ащат (aščat) | |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | ащи (ašči) | |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | ащетяма (aščeťama) | |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | ащетяда (aščeťada) | |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | ащихть (aščihť) | |
| Past I | ||
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | ащень (aščeń) | |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | ащеть (aščeť) | |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | ащесь (aščeś) | |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | ащеме (aščeme) | |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | ащeде (aščeďe) | |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | ащесть (aščesť) | |
| Compound future | ||
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | карман ащема (karman aščema) | |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | кармат ащема (karmat aščema) | |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | кармай ащема (karmaj aščema) | |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | карматама ащема (karmatama aščema) | |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | карматада ащема (karmatada aščema) | |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | кармайхть ащема (karmajhť aščema) | |
| Imperative | ||
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | ащек (ašček) | |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | ащеда (aščeda) | |
| Non-finite forms | ||
| verbal noun | ащема (aščema) | |
| past passive participle | — | |
| agentive / pres. act. part. | ащи (ašči) | |
| present passive participle | — | |
Subjective conjugation in other moods is possible.
Objective conjugation is possible for transitive verbs, see, for example, кундамс (kundams).
Objective conjugation is possible for transitive verbs, see, for example, кундамс (kundams).
Subjective conjugation of et-verb
| Present / future | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | тонафтан (tonaftan) | |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | тонафтат (tonaftat) | |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | тонафты (tonafti) | |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | тонафттама (tonafttama) | |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | тонафттада (tonafttada) | |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | тонафтыхть (tonaftihť) | |
| Past I | ||
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | тонафтонь (tonaftoń) | |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | тонафтоть (tonaftoť) | |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | тонафтсь (tonaftś) | |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | тонафтоме (tonaftome) | |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | тонафтоде (tonaftoďe) | |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | тонафтсть (tonaftsť) | |
| Compound future | ||
| 1st singular — мон (mon) | карман тонафтома (karman tonaftoma) | |
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | кармат тонафтома (karmat tonaftoma) | |
| 3rd singular — сон (son) | кармай тонафтома (karmaj tonaftoma) | |
| 1st plural — минь (miń) | карматама тонафтома (karmatama tonaftoma) | |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | карматада тонафтома (karmatada tonaftoma) | |
| 3rd plural — синь (śiń) | кармайхть тонафтома (karmajhť tonaftoma) | |
| Imperative | ||
| 2nd singular — тон (ton) | тонафтт (tonaftt) | |
| 2nd plural — тинь (ťiń) | тонафтода (tonaftoda) | |
| Non-finite forms | ||
| verbal noun | тонафтома (tonaftoma) | |
| past passive participle | тонафтф (tonaftf) | |
| agentive / pres. act. part. | тонафты (tonafti) | |
| present passive participle | тонафтови (tonaftovi) | |
Subjective conjugation in other moods is possible.
Objective conjugation is possible for transitive verbs, see, for example, кундамс (kundams).
Objective conjugation is possible for transitive verbs, see, for example, кундамс (kundams).
The first one – oc= could be mandatory, positional. Neitrāls vārds (talk) 23:11, 5 April 2014 (UTC)
- But what is wrong with:
et-verb (da-infinitive otsida)
- (with partitive) (sense 1)
- (with partitive, rarely with elative) (sense 2)
The senses are the same! I explained you twice already above. Neitrāls vārds (talk) 23:18, 5 April 2014 (UTC)
- Ok, then just:
- (with partitive, rarely with elative) (sense 1)
- Technically you could do that, but I think it's a "temporary patch" solution (technically you can stick just about anything in context, gender? declension? Stick it in cx!) Object case is an important, intrinsic characteristic of the verb and "making do" with
{{cx}}is exactly that "making do." Also, I want categories for the rarer cases, e.g., "Estonian verbs with variable object case" or similar. Maybe I'll bring this up in BP for some third party opinions. Neitrāls vārds (talk) 23:45, 5 April 2014 (UTC)
- Technically you could do that, but I think it's a "temporary patch" solution (technically you can stick just about anything in context, gender? declension? Stick it in cx!) Object case is an important, intrinsic characteristic of the verb and "making do" with