caedo
Latin
Etymology
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From Proto-Italic *kaidō, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂id-, *kh₂eyd- (“to cut, hew”).
Cognates include Old High German heia (“wooden hammer”), Old Armenian խայթ (xaytʻ, “sting”) and Sanskrit खिदति (khídati, “to tear, press”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈkae̯.doː/, [ˈkäe̯d̪oː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈt͡ʃe.do/, [ˈt͡ʃɛːd̪o]
Verb
caedō (present infinitive caedere, perfect active cecīdī, supine caesum); third conjugation
- I cut, hew, fell.
- I strike, beat.
- I kill.
- I defeat decisively (defeat with heavy losses to the enemy side).
- 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 26.1:
- C. Sulpicio cui Sicilia euenerat duae legiones quas P. Cornelius habuisset decretae et supplementum de exercitu Cn. Fului, qui priore anno in Apulia foede caesus fugatusque erat.
- To Gaius Sulpicius to whom Sicily was allotted two legions which Publius Cornelius had held were decided upon and reinforcements from Gnaius Fulvius’ army, which in the previous year had been shamefully defeated decisively and put to flight in Apulia
- C. Sulpicio cui Sicilia euenerat duae legiones quas P. Cornelius habuisset decretae et supplementum de exercitu Cn. Fului, qui priore anno in Apulia foede caesus fugatusque erat.
Conjugation
Derived terms
Related terms
References
- “caedo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “caedo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- caedo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to slaughter victims: victimas (oxen), hostias (smaller animals, especially sheep) immolare, securi ferire, caedere, mactare
- to fell trees: arbores caedere
- to beat with rods: virgis caedere
- to utterly rout the enemy: caedere et fundere hostem
- to absolutely annihilate the enemy: hostes ad internecionem caedere, delere (Liv. 9. 26)
- to slaughter victims: victimas (oxen), hostias (smaller animals, especially sheep) immolare, securi ferire, caedere, mactare
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 79-80
Categories:
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin verbs
- Latin terms with quotations
- Latin third conjugation verbs
- Latin third conjugation verbs with irregular perfect
- Latin words in Meissner and Auden's phrasebook
- Latin reduplicative verbs