destruo

Latin

Etymology

From dē- (“de-”) +‎ struō (“put together”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈdeːs.tru.oː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈdɛs.tru.o]

Verb

dēstruō (present infinitive dēstruere, perfect active dēstrūxī, supine dēstrūctum); third conjugation

to destroy, demolish, ruin
Synonyms: ruīnō, occīdō, dēvāstō, ēvāstō, vāstō, perdō, tollō, dīruō, aboleō, exscindō, accīdō, populor, interimō, impellō, sepeliō, absūmō, perimō, trucīdō

Antonyms: ēmendō, reficiō, reparō, corrigō, medeor

Usage notes

In Classical texts, the only passive forms for this verb are the third-person singular and plural.

Conjugation

Conjugation of dēstruō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	dēstruō	dēstruis		dēstruit	dēstruimus	dēstruitis		dēstruunt
	imperfect	dēstruēbam	dēstruēbās		dēstruēbat	dēstruēbāmus	dēstruēbātis		dēstruēbant
	future	dēstruam	dēstruēs		dēstruet	dēstruēmus	dēstruētis		dēstruent
	perfect	dēstrūxī	dēstrūxistī		dēstrūxit	dēstrūximus	dēstrūxistis		dēstrūxērunt, dēstrūxēre
	pluperfect	dēstrūxeram	dēstrūxerās		dēstrūxerat	dēstrūxerāmus	dēstrūxerātis		dēstrūxerant
	future perfect	dēstrūxerō	dēstrūxeris		dēstrūxerit	dēstrūxerimus	dēstrūxeritis		dēstrūxerint
passive	present	dēstruor	dēstrueris, dēstruere		dēstruitur	dēstruimur	dēstruiminī		dēstruuntur
	imperfect	dēstruēbar	dēstruēbāris, dēstruēbāre		dēstruēbātur	dēstruēbāmur	dēstruēbāminī		dēstruēbantur
	future	dēstruar	dēstruēris, dēstruēre		dēstruētur	dēstruēmur	dēstruēminī		dēstruentur
	perfect	dēstrūctus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	dēstrūctus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	dēstrūctus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	dēstruam	dēstruās		dēstruat	dēstruāmus	dēstruātis		dēstruant
	imperfect	dēstruerem	dēstruerēs		dēstrueret	dēstruerēmus	dēstruerētis		dēstruerent
	perfect	dēstrūxerim	dēstrūxerīs		dēstrūxerit	dēstrūxerīmus	dēstrūxerītis		dēstrūxerint
	pluperfect	dēstrūxissem	dēstrūxissēs		dēstrūxisset	dēstrūxissēmus	dēstrūxissētis		dēstrūxissent
passive	present	dēstruar	dēstruāris, dēstruāre		dēstruātur	dēstruāmur	dēstruāminī		dēstruantur
	imperfect	dēstruerer	dēstruerēris, dēstruerēre		dēstruerētur	dēstruerēmur	dēstruerēminī		dēstruerentur
	perfect	dēstrūctus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	dēstrūctus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	dēstrue		—	—	dēstruite		—
active	future	—	dēstruitō		dēstruitō	—	dēstruitōte		dēstruuntō
passive	present	—	dēstruere		—	—	dēstruiminī		—
passive	future	—	dēstruitor		dēstruitor	—	—		dēstruuntor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		dēstruere		dēstruī		dēstruēns		—
future		dēstrūctūrum esse		dēstrūctum īrī		dēstrūctūrus		dēstruendus
perfect		dēstrūxisse		dēstrūctum esse		—		dēstrūctus
future perfect		—		dēstrūctum fore		—		—
perfect potential		dēstrūctūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		dēstruendī	dēstruendō		dēstruendum	dēstruendō	dēstrūctum		dēstrūctū

Derived terms

dēstrūctio

Related terms

Descendants

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *dēstrūgō (see there for further descendants)
>? Sardinian: destrúi, destrúere, destruíre, destruíri, distrúere (to be classified)
→ Catalan: destruir
→ German: destruieren
→ Italian: destruere
→ Old Galician-Portuguese: destruir, destroir
- Galician: destruír
- Portuguese: destruir
→ Spanish: destruir

References

“destruo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“destruo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
“destruo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Portuguese

Verb

destruo

first-person singular present indicative of destruir; "I destroy"