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dobry

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Dobry, dobrý, and dôbry

Czech

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈdobrɪ]
  • Hyphenation: dob‧ry

Noun

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dobry

  1. instrumental plural of dobro

Anagrams

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Lower Sorbian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dobrъ.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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dobry (comparative lěpšy, superlative nejlěpšy, adverb derje)

  1. good

Declension

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Declension of dobry
singular dual plural
masculine neuter feminine virile nonvirile virile nonvirile
animate inanimate
nominative
vocative
dobry dobre dobra dobrej dobre
genitive dobrego
dobreg¹
dobreje
dobrej¹
dobreju dobrych
dative dobremu
dobrem¹
dobrej dobryma dobrym
accusative dobrego
dobreg¹
dobry dobre dobru dobreju dobrej dobre, dobrych dobre
instrumental dobrym dobreju
dobrej¹
dobryma dobrymi
locative dobrem
dobrym²
dobrej dobryma dobrych

Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928), “dobry”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
  • Starosta, Manfred (1999), “dobry”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Old Polish

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Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dòbrъ. First attested in the 14th century.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /dɔbriː/
    • IPA(key): (15th CE) /dɔbri/

    Adjective

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    dobry (comparative lepszy, derived adverb dobrze)

    1. good (beneficial; kind)
    2. good (moral, ethical)
    3. good (trustworthy)
    4. noble (high in a social hierarchy)
    5. good (of high quality)
    6. good (having a nice taste or flavor)
    7. long (lasting a long time)
    8. good (correct, apt, not wrong)
    9. good (legitimate)
    10. successful
    11. of a certain value
    12. good (used in titles)
    13. corruption of droby

    Derived terms

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    verbs

    Descendants

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    • Polish: dobry
    • Silesian: dobry

    References

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    • Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “dobry”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
    • Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965), “dobry”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
    • Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “dobry”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
    • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “dobry”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

    Polish

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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      Inherited from Old Polish dobry.

      Pronunciation

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      • Audio:(file)
      • Rhymes: -ɔbrɘ
      • Syllabification: do‧bry
      • Homophone: Dobry

      Adjective

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      dobry (comparative lepszy or (humorous or ironic) lepsiejszy or (humorous or ironic) dobrzejszy, superlative najlepszy or (humorous or ironic) najlepsiejszy or (humorous or ironic) najdobrzejszy, derived adverb dobrze)

      1. good (moral, ethical)
      2. good (kind, nice, willing to help) [with dla (+ genitive) ‘for whom’]
      3. good (of a mood; cheerful, fun, nice)
      4. good (successful)
      5. good (hard-working; tending to carry out one's duties)
      6. good (of a living thing or its parts; functioning)
      7. good (high quality)
      8. good (apt, as wanted or expected)
      9. good (of food and drink; tasty)
      10. good (beneficial)
      11. good (resulting from a correct choice)
      12. good (having a high quality) [with z (+ genitive) or w (+ locative) ‘at what’]
      13. good (kind, fair, just)
      14. good (having a high social hierarchical position)
      15. good (in close relations)
      16. good (beneficial)
      17. good (expressing approval)
      18. (colloquial) good (having a large size; lasting a long time)
        Obrót Ziemi wokół Słońca zajmuje dobre 365 dni.The rotation of the Earth around the Sun takes a good 365 days.
        Pojechaliśmy dobry kawałek drogi.We covered a good bit of distance (literally, “We drove a good chunk of road.”)
      19. good (healthy)
      20. (obsolete) rich
        Synonym: bogaty
      21. (Middle Polish) good; Further details are uncertain.
        • 1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon[1], page 6c:
          Albus, Biały/ per Metaphoram. Bonus, Dobry
          [Albus, Biały/ per Metaphoram. Bonus, Dobry]
        • 1568, M. Rej, Zwierciadło[2], page 238v:
          Dobry/ to ſłowo/ Káżdemu zdrowo.
          [Dobry/ to słowo/ Każdemu zdrowo.]
        • 1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum[3], page 775a:
          Perbonus ‒ Barzo dobri.
          [Perbonus ‒ Barzo dobry.]
      22. (Chełmno) ripe
        Synonym: dojrzały

      Declension

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      Noun

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      dobry m inan

      1. (education) B (the letter grade assigned) [with z (+ genitive) ‘in what subject’]
        Synonym: czwórka

      Declension

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      Synonyms

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      Antonyms

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      Derived terms

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      verbs
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      adjective

      Trivia

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      According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), dobry is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 29 times in scientific texts, 32 times in news, 50 times in essays, 64 times in fiction, and 121 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 296 times, making it the 170th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

      References

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      1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “dobry”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 77

      Further reading

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      Silesian

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      Etymology

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        Inherited from Old Polish dobry.

        Pronunciation

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        Adjective

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        dobry (comparative lepszy, superlative nojlepszy, derived adverb dobrze)

        1. good
          Antonyms: niydobry, zły

        Declension

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        Declension of dobry
        singular plural
        masculine neuter feminine virile nonvirile
        animate inanimate
        nominative dobry dobre dobrŏ dobrzi dobre
        genitive dobrego dobryj dobrych
        dative dobrymu dobryj dobrym
        accusative dobrego dobry dobre dobrõ dobrych dobre
        instrumental dobrym dobrōm dobrymi
        locative dobrym dobryj dobrych
        vocative dobry dobre dobrŏ dobrzi dobre
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        Further reading

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        Upper Sorbian

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        Etymology

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        Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dobrъ.

        Pronunciation

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        Adjective

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        dobry (comparative lěpši, superlative najlěpši, absolute superlative nanajlěpši, excessive předobry, adverb derje)

        1. good

        Declension

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        References

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