estonar

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Galician[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From es- (“ex-”) +‎ tona (“skin, peel, bark, surface”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

estonar (first-person singular present estono, first-person singular preterite estonei, past participle estonado)

  1. (transitive) to shell, hull, peel
    Synonyms: bullar, descascar, deluvar
  2. (transitive) to skim milk or broth
    Synonym: desnatar
  3. (transitive) to debark
    Synonyms: descascar, pelar
  4. (transitive or takes a reflexive pronoun) to skin
  5. (transitive) to remove the superficial layer of a litter for accessing the manure under it

Conjugation[edit]

    Conjugation of estonar
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(ti) 		Third-person
(el / ela / Vde.) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal estonar
Personal estonar estonares estonar estonarmos estonardes estonaren
Gerund
estonando
Past participle
Masculine estonado estonados
Feminine estonada estonadas
Indicative
Present estono estonas estona estonamos estonades estonan
Imperfect estonaba estonabas estonaba estonabamos estonabades estonaban
Preterite estonei estonaches estonou estonamos estonastes estonaron
Pluperfect estonara estonaras estonara estonaramos estonarades estonaran
Future estonarei estonarás estonará estonaremos estonaredes estonarán
Conditional estonaría estonarías estonaría estonariamos estonariades estonarían
Subjunctive
Present estone estones estone estonemos estonedes estonen
Imperfect estonase estonases estonase estonásemos estonásedes estonasen
Future estonar estonares estonar estonarmos estonardes estonaren
Imperative
Affirmative estona estone estonemos estonade estonen
Negative (non) non estones non estone non estonemos non estonedes non estonen
    Reintegrated conjugation of estonar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
Singular Plural
First-person
(eu) 		Second-person
(ti / tu) 		Third-person
(ele / ela / você) 		First-person
(nós) 		Second-person
(vós) 		Third-person
(eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal estonar
Personal estonar estonares estonar estonarmos estonardes estonarem
Gerund
estonando
Past participle
Masculine estonado estonados
Feminine estonada estonadas
Indicative
Present estono estonas estona estonamos estonades, estonais estonam
Imperfect estonava estonavas estonava estonávamos estonávades, estonáveis, estonávais1 estonavam
Preterite estonei estonaste, estonache1 estonou estonamos estonastes estonárom, estonaram
Pluperfect estonara estonaras estonara estonáramos estonárades, estonáreis, estonárais1 estonaram
Future estonarei estonarás estonará estonaremos estonaredes, estonareis estonarám, estonarão
Conditional estonaria estonarias estonaria estonaríamos estonaríades, estonaríeis, estonaríais1 estonariam
Subjunctive
Present estone estones estone estonemos estonedes, estoneis estonem
Imperfect estonasse estonasses estonasse estonássemos estonássedes, estonásseis estonassem
Future estonar estonares estonar estonarmos estonardes estonarem
Imperative
Affirmative estona estone estonemos estonade, estonai estonem
Negative (nom) nom estones nom estone nom estonemos nom estonedes, nom estoneis nom estonem

1Less recommended.

Related terms[edit]

References[edit]

Occitan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -a

Verb[edit]

estonar

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to amaze, surprise

Conjugation[edit]

    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)
simple compound
infinitive estonar aver estonat
gerund estonant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle estonat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present estoni estonas estona estonam estonatz estonan
imperfect estonavi estonavas estonava estonàvem estonàvetz estonavan
preterite estonèri estonères estonèt estonèrem estonèretz estonèron
future estonarai estonaràs estonarà estonarem estonaretz estonaràn
conditional estonariái estonariás estonariá estonariam estonariatz estonarián
conditional 2nd form1 estonèra estonèras estonèra estoneram estoneratz estonèran
compound
tenses 		present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present estone estones estone estonem estonetz estonen
imperfect estonèssi estonèsses estonèsse estonèssem estonèssetz estonèsson
compound
tenses 		past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
estona estonem estonatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
    Auvernhàs
simple compound
infinitive estonar aver estonat
gerund estonant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle estonat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present estone estones estona estonam estonatz estonon
imperfect estonave estonaves estonava estonaviam estonaviatz estonavon
preterite estonere estoneres estonet estonem estonetz estoneron
future estonarai estonaràs estonará estonarem estonaretz estonarán
conditional estonariá estonariás estonariá estonariam estonariatz estonarián
conditional 2nd form1 estonèra estonèras estonèra estoneram estoneratz estonèran
compound
tenses 		present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present estone estones estone estonassiam estonassiatz estonon
imperfect estonesse estonesses estonesse estonessiam estonessiatz estonesson
compound
tenses 		past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
estona estonassiam estonatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
    Gascon
simple compound
infinitive estonar aver estonat
gerund estonant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle estonat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present estoni estonas estona estonam estonatz estonan
imperfect estonavi estonavas estonava estonàvam estonàvatz estonavan
preterite estonèi estonès estonè estonèm estonètz estonèn
future estonarèi estonaràs estonarà estonaram estonaratz estonaràn
conditional estonarí estonarés estonaré estonarem estonaretz estonarén
conditional 2nd form1 estonèra estonèras estonèra estoneram estoneratz estonèran
compound
tenses 		present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present estoni estones estone estonem estonetz estonen
imperfect estonèssi estonèsses estonèsse estonèssem estonèssetz estonèssen
compound
tenses 		past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
estona estonem estonatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
    Lemosin
simple compound
infinitive estonar aver estonat
gerund estonant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle estonat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present estone estonas estona estonam estonatz estonan
imperfect estonava estonavas estonava estonàvam estonàvatz estonavan
preterite estonei estoneras estonet estonèram estonèratz estoneran
future estonarai estonaràs estonará estonarem estonaretz estonarán
conditional estonariá estonariàs estonariá estonariam estonariatz estonarián
conditional 2nd form1 estonèra estonèras estonèra estoneram estoneratz estonèran
compound
tenses 		present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present estone estones estone estonem estonetz estonen
imperfect estonèsse estonèsses estonèsse estonèssem estonèssetz estonèssen
compound
tenses 		past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
estona estonem estonatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects
    Provençau
simple compound
infinitive estonar aver estonat
gerund estonant use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle estonat —
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative ieu tu el nosautres vosautres eles
present estone estones estona estonam estonatz estonan
imperfect estonavi estonavas estonava estonàvem estonàvetz estonavan
preterite estonère estonères estonèt estoneriam estoneriatz estonèron
future estonarai estonaràs estonarà estonarem estonaretz estonaràn
conditional estonariáu estonariás estonariá estonariam estonariatz estonarián
conditional 2nd form1 estonèra estonèras estonèra estoneram estoneratz estonèran
compound
tenses 		present perfect use the present tense of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
past anterior use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
future perfect use the future tense of aver + past participle
conditional perfect use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive que ieu que tu que el que nosautres que vosautres que eles
present estone estones estone estonem estonetz estonan
imperfect estonèsse estonèsses estonèsse estonessiam estonessiatz estonèsson
compound
tenses 		past use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
pluperfect use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative — tu — nosautres vosautres —
estona estonem estonatz 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Further reading[edit]

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