extendo

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ

Proto-Indo-European *-s

Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs

Proto-Italic *eks

Latin ex

Latin ex-

Proto-Indo-European *ten-

Proto-Indo-European *tend-

Proto-Indo-European *-eti

Proto-Indo-European *téndeti

Proto-Italic *tendō

Latin tendō

Latin extendō

From ex- + tendō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ɛkˈstɛn.doː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ekˈstɛn.do]

Verb

extendō (present infinitive extendere, perfect active extendī, supine extentum); third conjugation

1. to stretch or thrust out
2. to extend, prolong or continue

   Synonyms: distendō, porrigō, pandō, prōlongō, prōtrahō, trahō, prōferō, explicō

   Urbs circum spatium quīnque et dīmidiī chīliometrōrum extenta erat.

   The city spread over an area of five and a half kilometres.

3. to enlarge or increase

   Synonyms: ampliō, adaugeō, multiplicō, augeō, amplificō, accumulō

   Antonyms: diminuō, minuō, dēminuō, imminuō, tenuō, corripiō

Conjugation

• The supine form is spelled either extentum or extēnsum.

   Conjugation of extendō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	extendō		extendis		extendit		extendimus		extenditis		extendunt
	imperfect	extendēbam		extendēbās		extendēbat		extendēbāmus		extendēbātis		extendēbant
	future	extendam		extendēs		extendet		extendēmus		extendētis		extendent
	perfect	extendī		extendistī		extendit		extendimus		extendistis		extendērunt, extendēre
	pluperfect	extenderam		extenderās		extenderat		extenderāmus		extenderātis		extenderant
	future perfect	extenderō		extenderis		extenderit		extenderimus		extenderitis		extenderint
passive	present	extendor		extenderis, extendere		extenditur		extendimur		extendiminī		extenduntur
	imperfect	extendēbar		extendēbāris, extendēbāre		extendēbātur		extendēbāmur		extendēbāminī		extendēbantur
	future	extendar		extendēris, extendēre		extendētur		extendēmur		extendēminī		extendentur
	perfect	extentus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	extentus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	extentus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	extendam		extendās		extendat		extendāmus		extendātis		extendant
	imperfect	extenderem		extenderēs		extenderet		extenderēmus		extenderētis		extenderent
	perfect	extenderim		extenderīs		extenderit		extenderīmus		extenderītis		extenderint
	pluperfect	extendissem		extendissēs		extendisset		extendissēmus		extendissētis		extendissent
passive	present	extendar		extendāris, extendāre		extendātur		extendāmur		extendāminī		extendantur
	imperfect	extenderer		extenderēris, extenderēre		extenderētur		extenderēmur		extenderēminī		extenderentur
	perfect	extentus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	extentus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		extende		—		—		extendite		—
	future	—		extenditō		extenditō		—		extenditōte		extenduntō
passive	present	—		extendere		—		—		extendiminī		—
	future	—		extenditor		extenditor		—		—		extenduntor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		extendere			extendī			extendēns			—
future		extentūrum esse			extentum īrī			extentūrus			extendendus, extendundus
perfect		extendisse			extentum esse			—			extentus
future perfect		—			extentum fore			—			—
perfect potential		extentūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		extendendī		extendendō		extendendum		extendendō		extentum		extentū

Derived terms

• extentus, extēnsus
• extēnsiō

Descendants

• Asturian: estender
• Catalan: estendre
• → English: extend
• French: étendre
• Friulian: estindi
• Galician: estender
• Italian: estendere, stendere
• Occitan: estendre, esténer, estesar
• Piedmontese: stende
• Portuguese: estender
• Romanian: extinde
• Sardinian: istèndhere
• Sicilian: stènniri
• Spanish: extender
• → Proto-Brythonic: *estɨnn
  • Middle Breton: astenn
    • Breton: astenn
  • Middle Cornish: ystyne
    • Cornish: ystyn
  • Middle Welsh: estynn
    • Welsh: estyn

References

• “extendo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “extendo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “extendo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to enlarge the boundaries of a kingdom: fines (imperii) propagare, extendere, (longius) proferre
    
• extendo in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Portuguese

Verb

extendo

1. first-person singular present indicative of extender