glum

See also: Glum and glüm

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlʌm/

  • Audio (Southern England)

    (file)

• Rhymes: -ʌm

Etymology 1

Probably from Middle Low German glum (“glum”), related to German dialectal glumm (“gloomy, troubled, turbid”). More at gloomy.

Adjective

glum (comparative glummer, superlative glummest)

1. despondent; moody; sullen
   • 1857–1859, W[illiam] M[akepeace] Thackeray, The Virginians. A Tale of the Last Century, volumes (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury & Evans, […], published 1858–1859, →OCLC:

     I […] frighten people by my glum face.

   • 1959, Mordecai Richler, The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz:

     […] and the prospect of three more days of teaching before the weekend break, Mr. MacPherson felt unusually glum.

   • 1982, Douglas Adams, Life, the Universe and Everything, page 23:

     A glummer look replaced the already glum look on Arthur Dent's face.

Translations

despondent

• Bulgarian: навъсен (bg) (navǎsen), намръщен (bg) (namrǎšten)
• Czech: zasmušilý, zachmuřený, rozmrzelý (cs)
• Dutch: sip (nl)
• Finnish: synkkä (fi), vakava (fi), juro (fi)
• French: morose (fr)
• German: bedrückt (de), niedergeschlagen (de), verdrießlich (de), trist (de), mürrisch (de), deprimiert (de), trostlos (de), dunkel (de), missmutig (de)
• Hungarian: rosszkedvű (hu), mogorva (hu), komor (hu), morcos (hu), morózus (hu), savanyú (hu), borús (hu)
• Irish: púiceach, púiciúil
• Korean: 침울(沈鬱)하다 (chimulhada)
• Maori: poururu
• Norman: ponseux
• Norwegian: tungsindig
• Russian: печальный (ru) (pečalʹnyj)
• Scottish Gaelic: gruamach
• Spanish: decaido m, moroso (es) m
• Swedish: dyster (sv), trumpen (sv)

Etymology 2

From Middle English glomen, glommen, glomben, gloumben (“to frown, look sullen”), from *glom (“gloom”). More at gloom.

Verb

glum (third-person singular simple present glums, present participle glumming, simple past and past participle glummed)

1. (obsolete) To look sullen; to be of a sour countenance; to be glum.
   • 1509, Stephen Hawes, The Passetyme of Pleasure:

     upon me he gan to loure and glum,
     Enforcing him so for to ryse withall,
     But that I shortly unto hem did cum,
     With his thre hedes he spytte all his venum

Noun

glum (uncountable)

1. (obsolete) sullenness
   • c. 1550, John Skelton, Colyn Cloute:

     That they be deaf and dumb,
     And play silence and glum