gluten
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English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From French gluten, borrowed from Latin glūten (“glue”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
gluten (countable and uncountable, plural glutens)
- (obsolete) Fibrin (formerly considered as one of the "animal humours"). [16th-19th c.]
- 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, OCLC 54573970:, Bk.I, New York, 2001, p.147:
- The radical or innate is daily supplied by nourishment, which some call cambium, and make those secondary humours of ros and gluten to maintain it […]
- (rare) Any gluey, sticky substance. [from 17th c.]
- 1665, Robert Hooke, Micrographia, XXXVII:
- [T]he Fly suspends it self very firmly and easily, without the access or need of any such Sponges fill'd with an imaginary gluten, as many have, for want of good Glasses, perhaps, or a troublesome and diligent examination, suppos'd.
- 1990, Camille Paglia, Sexual Personae:
- The tyrant machine is the female body, grinding and milling the pulp of matter, the gluten of human flesh.
- 1665, Robert Hooke, Micrographia, XXXVII:
- (cooking, biochemistry) The major protein in cereal grains, especially wheat; responsible for the elasticity in dough and the structure in baked bread. [from 19th c.]
- 2004, Harold McGee, chapter 10, in On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, Scribner, →ISBN:
- Chew on a small piece of dough, and it becomes more compact but persists as a gum-like, elastic mass, the residue that the Chinese named “the muscle of flour” and that we call gluten. It consists mainly of protein, and includes what may well be the largest protein molecules to be found in the natural world.
- 2010, Felicity Cloake, Word of Mouth Blog, The Guardian, 10 Jun 2010:
- Unfortunately, wholemeal bread is, according to many experts, a tricky thing to get right, as the lower gluten content of the flour makes for dense results […]
- (geology) A gluey, sticky mass of clay, bitumen etc. [from 19th c.]
- 1988, James McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, Oxford 2004, p. 669:
- Despite constant rain that turned roads to gluten, the Yankees kept moving.
- 1988, James McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, Oxford 2004, p. 669:
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
Translations[edit]
cereal protein
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Further reading[edit]
Anagrams[edit]
Catalan[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).
Noun[edit]
gluten m (plural glutens)
Further reading[edit]
- “gluten” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “gluten”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2022
- “gluten” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “gluten” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Dutch[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: glu‧ten
Noun[edit]
gluten n (uncountable)
French[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Latin glūten (“glue”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
gluten m (plural glutens)
Further reading[edit]
- “gluten”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams[edit]
Latin[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Italic *gloiten, from Proto-Indo-European *glóh₁ytn̥, from *gleh₁y- (“to stick; to spread, to smear”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
glūten n (genitive glūtinis); third declension
Declension[edit]
Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | glūten | glūtina |
Genitive | glūtinis | glūtinum |
Dative | glūtinī | glūtinibus |
Accusative | glūten | glūtina |
Ablative | glūtine | glūtinibus |
Vocative | glūten | glūtina |
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- → Catalan: gluten
- → French: gluten
- → English: gluten
- Old French: glu
- → Old Irish: gláed
- Portuguese: glúten, grude
- → Proto-Brythonic: *glʉd
- → Spanish: gluten
- → Swedish: gluten
References[edit]
- “gluten”, in Charlton T[homas] Lewis; Charles [Lancaster] Short (1879) […] A New Latin Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.; Cincinnati, Ohio; Chicago, Ill.: American Book Company; Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- “gluten”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- gluten in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- gluten in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- “glue” in The Century Dictionary, New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911.
Romanian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Noun[edit]
gluten n (uncountable)
Declension[edit]
declension of gluten (singular only)
singular | ||
---|---|---|
n gender | indefinite articulation | definite articulation |
nominative/accusative | (un) gluten | glutenul |
genitive/dative | (unui) gluten | glutenului |
vocative | glutenule |
Spanish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
gluten m (plural glutenes)
Further reading[edit]
- “gluten”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).
Noun[edit]
gluten n
Anagrams[edit]
Categories:
- English terms borrowed from French
- English terms derived from French
- English terms derived from Latin
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/uːtən
- Rhymes:English/uːtən/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English terms with quotations
- English terms with rare senses
- en:Cooking
- en:Biochemistry
- en:Geology
- Catalan terms borrowed from Latin
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- Catalan masculine nouns
- Dutch terms borrowed from Latin
- Dutch terms derived from Latin
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- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch uncountable nouns
- Dutch neuter nouns
- French terms borrowed from Latin
- French terms derived from Latin
- French 2-syllable words
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- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French masculine nouns
- French countable nouns
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
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- Latin nouns
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- Latin third declension nouns
- Latin neuter nouns in the third declension
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
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- Romanian nouns
- Romanian uncountable nouns
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- Spanish 2-syllable words
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- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
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- es:Proteins
- Swedish terms borrowed from Latin
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- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish neuter nouns