gluten

English

Wikipedia

Etymology

From French gluten, borrowed from Latin glūten (“glue”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡluːtən/, [ˈɡluːʔn̩]

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uːtən

Noun

gluten (countable and uncountable, plural glutens)

1. (obsolete) Fibrin (formerly considered as one of the "animal humours"). [16th-19th c.]
   • 1621, Robert Burton, The Anatomy of Melancholy, Bk.I, New York, 2001, p.147:

     The radical or innate is daily supplied by nourishment, which some call cambium, and make those secondary humours of ros and gluten to maintain it […].

2. The major protein in cereal grains, especially wheat; responsible for the elasticity in dough and the structure in baked bread. [from 19th c.]
   • 2010, Felicity Cloake, Word of Mouth Blog, The Guardian, 10 Jun 2010:

     Unfortunately, wholemeal bread is, according to many experts, a tricky thing to get right, as the lower gluten content of the flour makes for dense results [...].

3. (rare, geology) A gluey, sticky mass of clay, bitumen etc. [from 19th c.]
   • 1988, James McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, Oxford 2004, p. 669:

     Despite constant rain that turned roads to gluten, the Yankees kept moving.

Derived terms

• gluten bread
• gluten casein
• gluten fibrin
• gluten-free
• glutinous

Translations

cereal protein

• Arabic: غلُوتين m (ġlūtīn)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 麵筋, 面筋 (zh) (miànjīn)

• Corsican: glutinu m
• Czech: lepek (cs)
• Dutch: gluten (nl)
• Esperanto: gluteno
• Finnish: gluteeni (fi)
• French: gluten (fr) m
• German: Gluten (de) n
• Hebrew: גלוטן
• Hungarian: sikér (hu)

• Ido: gluteno (io)
• Italian: glutine (it) m
• Japanese: グルテン (guruten)
• Latvian: lipeklis m, glutēns m
• Macedonian: глутен m (glutén)
• Norwegian: gluten (no) n
• Portuguese: glúten (pt) m
• Russian: глютен (ru) m (gljutén), клейковина (ru) f (klejkovína)
• Slovene: gluten m
• Spanish: gluten (es) m
• Swedish: gluten (sv) n

Anagrams

• englut

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Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: glu‧ten

Noun

gluten n (uncountable)

1. gluten

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French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlytɛn/

Noun

gluten m (plural glutens)

1. gluten

Anagrams

• lugent

External links

• “gluten” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *glīt-, the zero grade of *gley- (“to stick; to spread, to smear”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡluː.ten/, [ˈɡɫuː.tẽ]

Noun

glūten n (genitive glūtinis); third declension

1. glue

Inflection

Third declension neuter.

Number	Singular	Plural
nominative	glūten	glūtina
genitive	glūtinis	glūtinum
dative	glūtinī	glūtinibus
accusative	glūten	glūtina
ablative	glūtine	glūtinibus
vocative	glūten	glūtina

References

• gluten in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
• glue in The Century Dictionary, The Century Co., New York, 1911

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Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡluten/

Noun

gluten m (plural glutenes)

1. (biochemistry) gluten

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Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).

Noun

gluten n

1. gluten