hors

See also: Hors and hörs

Danish

Etymology

From Old Danish hors, Old Norse hross n, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą, cognate with English horse, German Ross n.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈhɒːs]

Noun

hors n (singular definite horset, plural indefinite hors)

1. (archaic, poetic, dialect) horse, mare
   • 1906 Johs. V. Jensen, Digte, 20

     Christofer Columbus fra han var Dreng \ befandt sig bedst \ paa det blaa Hors med den hvide Man

     “Since he was a boy, Christopher Columbus \ was at his best \ on the blue horse with the white mane”

Declension

Declension of hors

neuter gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	hors	horset	hors	horsene
genitive	horss	horsets	horss	horsenes

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch hors, from Old Dutch hors, from Proto-West Germanic *hross, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą. Doublet of ros.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɦɔrs/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: hors
• Rhymes: -ɔrs

Noun

hors n (plural horsen, diminutive horsje n)

1. (rare, dialectal, now mostly found in names) horse
   • 1558, Gaathije Pietersz, "Inventaris, gemaeckt den IV^en Januarii anno XV^C acht ende vijftich", in Anne Hallema, "Nogmaals een drietal inventarissen van Franeker burgers en boeren kort na 1550", Bijdragen en Mededeelingen van het Historisch Genootschap, Vol. 49, 1928, 286.

     Een coopbrief ende quitantie, gepasseert by Fopke Wopkezn. ende Hessel Thomaszn., als mombers tot Jacob Pieterszoons weesen, aen Jan Jacobszn. ende Anne Jans dochter, vanden huijsinge te Syaerda, mit hecken, heckpalen, van noch vijftien koeijen, twee rieren, een os, twee horsen ende andere dieren, alles gecoft ende betaelt voer vier hundert ende anderhalf gouden guldens, sijnde in date den XXI^en Novembris anno 1549;

   • 1897, Guido Gezelle, “Twee horsen”, in Rijmsnoer om en om het jaar:

     Ze stappen hun’ bellen al klinken, / de vrome twee horsen te gaar;

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 1942, Cor Bruijn, Een gave van God, Uitgeverij Ploegsma, section 16:

     Het hors zet aan, Gossen valt terug op zijn zitplaats.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2009, Henk Gras, ‘Een stad waar men zich koninklijk kan vervelen?’ De modernisering van de theatrale vermakelijkheden buiten de schouwburg in Rotterdam, circa 1770-1860, Uitgeverij Verloren, 218, quoting Scaramouche, Scaramouche en zijne Vrienden op de Rotterdamsche Kermis, 1815, 15 & 16.

     Een zekere BERG bragt een lomp stuk HOUT voort; dit hout vormde zich tot allerlei gedaantes, en bekwam die eindelijk van Palvenier, nu beklom hij den Bok en achtte zich gelukkig de horsen van anderen voorttezwepen; dan zijne onrustige geaartheid deed hem van den bok tuimelen;

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Synonyms

• paard
• ros

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse hors, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą (“horse”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“run”).

Noun

hors n (genitive singular hors, plural hors)

1. (poetic) a horse
2. (archaic) a fool

Declension

n11	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	hors	horsið	hors	horsini
Accusative	hors	horsið	hors	horsini
Dative	horsi	horsinum	horsum	horsunum
Genitive	hors	horsins	horsa	horsanna

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French fors, from Old French fors, from Latin forīs, or more likely derived from dehors (in Middle and Old French defors).

Pronunciation

• ^{(aspirated h)} IPA^(key): /ɔʁ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Preposition

hors

1. (obsolete except in set phrases) outside

   hors la ville ― outside the city

Usage notes

• Mostly displaced by hors de and en dehors de.

Derived terms

• hors catégorie
• hors compétition
• hors concours
• hors contexte
• hors contrat
• hors ligne
• hors mariage
• hors norme
• hors pair
• hors saison
• hors service
• hors sujet
• hors taxes
• hors TVA
• hors-bord
• hors-jeu
• hors-la-loi
• hors-ligne
• hors-sol

 

Related terms

• dehors

Further reading

• “hors”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Gothic

Romanization

hōrs

1. Romanization of 𐌷𐍉𐍂𐍃

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English hors, from Proto-West Germanic *hross, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą (“horse”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“run”).

Alternative forms

• horse, horsse, horce, ors

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /hɔrs/

Noun

hors (plural hors or horsen or horses)

1. a horse (especially male and fully-grown)
   • c. 1335-1361, William of Palerne (MS. King's College 13), folio 36, recto, lines 2177-2179; republished as W. W. Skeat, editor, The Romance of William of Palerne‎^[1], London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., 1867, →OCLC, page 74:

     þan haſtely hiȝed eche wiȝt · on hoꝛſe ⁊ on fote / huntyng wiȝt houndes · alle heie wodes / til þei neyȝyed ſo neiȝh · to nymphe þe ſoþe

     Then each man went quickly, hunting with hounds amongst tall trees, on horse and on foot, until he came close enough to notice the truth.

   • c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.)‎^[2], published c. 1410, Apocalips 6:8, page 119r, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

     ⁊ lo a pale hoꝛs .· and þe name was deþ to him þat ſat on hym and helle ſuede him / and power was ȝouen to him on foure partis of þe erþe .· to ſle with ſwerd / ⁊ wiþ hungur / ⁊ wiþ deþ / ⁊ wiþ beeſtis of þe erþe

     And lo! A pale horse, and the name was Death for who that sat on him, and hell trailed him. And power was given to him over four parts of the earth, to slay with sword, and with hunger, and with death, and with the earth's creatures.

2. (rare) A horseman; a mounted soldier.
3. (rare) A means of transport (like a horse)

Related terms

• hors her
• horsbak
• horscomb
• horsen
• horshelne
• horsman
• horsmynte
• horsscho
• horstaile

 

Descendants

• English: horse; hoss (see there for further descendants)
• Scots: horse, hors

References

• “hors, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-19.

Etymology 2

From Old English *hārs, variant of hās.

Adjective

hors

1. Alternative form of hos

Norman

Etymology

From Old French fors, hors, from Latin foris, or back-derived from dehors, from Late Latin dē forīs.

Adverb

hors

1. (Guernsey, Jersey) out

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse hors, metathesis of hross, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą. Akin to English horse.

Noun

hors n (definite singular horset, indefinite plural hors, definite plural horsa)

1. a mare
2. a female foal

   Synonym: fylje

3. (derogatory) a frivolous woman

Derived terms

• horse

References

• “hors” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Ēastfrīsisċ hors

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hross, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą (“horse”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xors/, [horˠs]

Noun

hors n

1. horse

Declension

Declension of hors (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	hors	hors
accusative	hors	hors
genitive	horses	horsa
dative	horse	horsum

Synonyms

• blanca
• eoh (poetic)
• mearh
• stott (inferior quality horse)
• wiċġ (poetic)

Hyponyms

• colt (“colt”)
• fola (“foal”)
• henġest (“stallion”)
• mīere (“mare”)
• stōd (“stud”)

Derived terms

• horscamb (“horsecomb”)
• horshierde (“groom”)
• horselene (“elecampane”)
• horshwæl (“walrus”)
• horsminte (“horsemint”)

Descendants

• Middle English: hors, horse, horsse, horce, ors
  • English: horse; hoss (see there for further descendants)
  • Scots: horse, hors

Old French

Etymology

Derived from dehors, defors. See fors.

Adverb

hors

1. (rare or Late Old French) from; out (of)
   • c. 1180, Chrétien de Troyes, Perceval ou le conte du Graal:

     Puis errerent tant que il virent
     gent qui hors del chastel issirent.

     They walked until they saw
     People coming out of the castle.

Synonyms

• fors

Descendants

• French: hors
• Norman: hors

Old Frisian

Alternative forms

• hars, hers, ros

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *hross, from Proto-Germanic *hursą, *hrussą.

Noun

hors n

1. horse

Inflection

Declension of hors (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	hors	hors
genitive	horses	horsa
dative	horse	horsum, horsem
accusative	hors	hors

Descendants

• North Frisian: hors
• ⇒ Saterland Frisian: rosje, rösje (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)
• West Frisian: hoars; rosje (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)

Old Norse

Noun

hors n

1. Alternative form of hross

Declension

  Declension of hors (strong a-stem)

neuter	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	hors	horsit	hors	horsin
accusative	hors	horsit	hors	horsin
dative	horsi	horsinu	horsum	horsunum
genitive	hors	horsins	horsa	horsanna

Declension

• Icelandic: hors
• Faroese: hors
• Norwegian Nynorsk: hors
• Norwegian Bokmål: hors
• Danish: hors

References

• “hors”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from English horse.

Noun

hors m (Cyrillic spelling хорс)

1. (slang) heroin

Declension

Declension of hors

	singular
nominative	hors
genitive	horsa
dative	horsu
accusative	hors
vocative	horse
locative	horsu
instrumental	horsom

Swedish

Noun

hors

1. indefinite genitive singular of hor