jen

See also: Jen, jèn, jën, -jen, -jén, jɛ́n, and jèŋ

Translingual

Symbol

jen

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Dza.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Dza terms

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈjɛn]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: jen
• Rhymes: -ɛn

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Czech jen, from Proto-Slavic *jenъ. Compare Polish jeno.

Adverb

jen (not comparable)

1. only

   Synonyms: jenom, pouze, toliko

   jen co... ― as soon as...

Derived terms

• jen přes mou mrtvolu
• jenjen

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Japanese 圓 (“yen”).

Noun

jen m inan

1. yen (Japanese currency)

Declension

Declension of jen (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	jen	jeny
genitive	jenu	jenů
dative	jenu	jenům
accusative	jen	jeny
vocative	jene	jeny
locative	jenu	jenech
instrumental	jenem	jeny

Further reading

• “jen”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “jen”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “jen”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026

Esperanto

Etymology

Borrowed from German jener and Yiddish יענער (yener). Compare English yon.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jen/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -en
• Syllabification: jen

Particle

jen

1. here is, here are

   Jen mi! Komenciĝu la festo!

   Here I am! Let the party start!

   • 2005, Luiz Portella, Ŝi estas mia amiko, →ISBN, page 37:

     Mi aĉetis tri bombonojn. Mi jam manĝis unu. Jen du.

     I bought three bonbons. I already ate one. Here are two.

Derived terms

• jena
• jene

Interjection

jen

1. lo, behold
2. here, here you are, here you go

Phrase

jen... jen

1. (describing alternating states) now ..., now ...; sometimes ..., other times ...

   La kato kuŝadis jen sur la lito, jen sur la planko.

   The cat was lying around sometimes on the bed, sometimes on the floor.

Haitian Creole

Alternative forms

• juen

Etymology

From French juin (“June”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʒɛ̃/

Noun

jen

1. June

References

• Targète, Jean; Urciolo, Raphael (1993), Haitian Creole-English Dictionary‎^[1], Dunwoody Press, →ISBN, page 84

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈjɛn]
• Hyphenation: jen
• Rhymes: -ɛn

Noun

jen (plural jenek)

1. yen (currency of Japan)

Declension

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	jen	jenek
accusative	jent	jeneket
dative	jennek	jeneknek
instrumental	jennel	jenekkel
causal-final	jenért	jenekért
translative	jenné	jenekké
terminative	jenig	jenekig
essive-formal	jenként	jenekként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	jenben	jenekben
superessive	jenen	jeneken
adessive	jennél	jeneknél
illative	jenbe	jenekbe
sublative	jenre	jenekre
allative	jenhez	jenekhez
elative	jenből	jenekből
delative	jenről	jenekről
ablative	jentől	jenektől
non-attributive possessive – singular	jené	jeneké
non-attributive possessive – plural	jenéi	jenekéi

Possessive forms of jen

possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	jenem	jenjeim
2nd person sing.	jened	jenjeid
3rd person sing.	jenje	jenjei
1st person plural	jenünk	jenjeink
2nd person plural	jenetek	jenjeitek
3rd person plural	jenjük	jenjeik

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈjɛːn/
• Rhymes: -ɛːn

Noun

jen n (genitive singular jens, nominative plural jen)

1. yen (Japanese unit of currency)

Declension

Declension of jen (neuter)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	jen	jenið	jen	jenin
accusative	jen	jenið	jen	jenin
dative	jeni	jeninu	jenum	jenunum
genitive	jens	jensins	jena	jenanna

Lower Sorbian

Alternative forms

• njen (after preposition)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [jɛn]

Pronoun

jen

1. accusative of wón

North Frisian

Alternative forms

• een (Föhr-Amrum)
• ån (Mooring)

Etymology

From Old Frisian ēn.

Pronunciation

• (Sylt) IPA^(key): [jɛn]

Numeral

jen (invariable)

1. (Sylt) one

Old Czech

Alternative forms

• jenž, jenžto.

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jь.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈjɛn/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈjɛn/

Pronoun

jen

1. (relative pronoun) which

   Pochválen hospodin, jen nedal ny v jětie.

   (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   Všicci, ji úfajú veň.

   (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Usage notes

• This relative pronoun was almost always used with the affix "-ž" jenž easpecially since the oblique cases of jen were used as oblique cases of the personal pronouns on.

Declension

Declension of jen (hard pronominal)

singular
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	jen	jě	je
genitive	jeho, ňeho1	jie, nie1	jeho, ňeho1
dative	jemu, ňemu1	jí, jiej, ní1, niej1	jemu, ňemu1
accusative	jej, jen, ji, jeho, -ň1, ňej1, ňen1, ni1, něho1	ju, ňu1	je
locative	ňem1	ní1, niej1	ňem1
instrumental	jím, ním1	jú, ňú1	jím, ním1
dual
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	jě	ji
genitive	jú, ňú1
dative	jima, nima1
accusative	jě	ji
locative	ňú1
instrumental	jima, nima1
plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	ji	jě	jě
genitive	jich, nich1
dative	jim, nim1
accusative	jě		jě
locative	nich1
instrumental	jimi, nimi1

¹The leading letter j- is changed to n- when the pronoun is preceded by a preposition, e.g. s nímž, k němuž, bez ňúž.

Coordinate terms

Type		interrogative		relative	demonstrative			indefinite
		kto/ký qualitative	který selective	jen	sen proximal	ten	onen distal	jiný alternative	veš every
Time		k(eh)dy	-kterdy	jedy	—	t(eh)dy	on(eh)dy	jindy	v(e)šdy
Place	in	kde	-kterde	—	sde	tu	onde	jinde	vešde
	to	kam(o)	—	jam(o)	sěm(o)	tam(o)	onam(o)	jinam(o)	všam(o)
	through	kudy, kady	—	jady	sudy	tudy, tady	onudy, onady	jinudy, jinady	všudy, všady
	with prepositions	-kud, -kad	—	-ňud, -ňad	-sud, -sad	-tud, -tad	-onud, -onad	-jinud, -jinad	-všud, -všad
Manner	Way	kak(o)	kterak(o)	jak(o)	sic(e)	tak(o)	onak(o)	jinak(o)	však(o)
	Amount	kolik(o)	—	jelik(o)	—	tolik(o)	—	—	všelik(o)
Indefinite prefixes: ně-, leda-, neda-, ni- Indefinite suffixes: -koli, -si

Descendants

• Czech: jenž

Further reading

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916), “jen”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Polish

Etymology

From Japanese 円 (en, “yen, circle”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈjɛn/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛn
• Syllabification: jen

Noun

jen m animal

1. yen (currency)

Declension

Declension of jen

	singular	plural
nominative	jen	jeny
genitive	jena	jenów
dative	jenowi	jenom
accusative	jena	jeny
instrumental	jenem	jenami
locative	jenie	jenach
vocative	jenie	jeny

Further reading

• jen in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• jen in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *(j)edinъ.

Numeral

jen

1. (colloquial, Kajkavian, Chakavian) one (1)

Further reading

• “jen”, in Rječnik hrvatskoga kajkavskoga književnog jezika [Dictionary of the Croatian Kajkavian literary language] (in Serbo-Croatian), https://kajkavski.hr, 1984–2026

Etymology 2

Noun

jen m inan (Cyrillic spelling јен)

1. yen (currency)

Slovak

Etymology

Derived from Japanese 円 (en, “yen, circle”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jɛn/

Noun

jen m inan (genitive singular jenu, nominative plural jeny, genitive plural jenov, declension pattern of dub)

1. yen, Japanese monetary unit and coin

Declension

Declension of jen
(pattern dub)

	singular	plural
nominative	jen	jeny
genitive	jenu	jenov
dative	jenu	jenom
accusative	jen	jeny
locative	jene	jenoch
instrumental	jenom	jenmi

Further reading

• “jen”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2026

Sumerian

Romanization

jen

1. romanization of 𒁺 (g̃en)

Talysh

Etymology

Cognate with Persian زن (zan).

Noun

jen

1. woman

Tarifit

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Berber *ăǵən.

Cognate with Tashelhit gʷn (“to lie down, to sleep”).

Verb

jen (verbal noun tjuni, Tifinagh spelling ⵊⴻⵏ)

1. (transitive) to lie down, to repose (animals)

   Synonym: barc

2. (transitive) to take shelter (for the night)
3. (transitive, derogatory) to sleep

   Synonym: ṭṭes

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zaghawa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɟɛn/

Adjective

jen

1. fast

Derived terms

jendu

References

• Beria-English English-Beria Dictionary [provisional] ADESK, Iriba, Kobe Department, Chad