nadir

See also: Nadir

English

WOTD – 23 September 2006

Diagram showing the relationship between the zenith, the nadir, and different types of horizon. Nadir is opposite the zenith.

Etymology

From Medieval Latin nadir, from Arabic نَظِير السَّمْت‎ (naẓīr as-samt), composed of نَظِير‎ (naẓīr, “counterpart, corresponding to”) and السَّمْت‎ (as-samt, “the zenith”).

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈneɪˌdɪə(ɹ)/, /ˈnæd.ɪə(ɹ)/, /ˈneɪ.də(ɹ)/, /neɪˈdɪə(ɹ)/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈneɪˌdɪɚ/, /ˈneɪ.dɚ/, /neɪˈdɪɚ/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

Noun

nadir (plural nadirs)

1. The point of the celestial sphere, directly opposite the zenith; inferior pole of the horizon; point of the celestial sphere directly under the place of observation.

   Antonym: zenith

   • 1638, Sir Thomas Herbert, Some years travels into divers parts of Asia and Afrique:

     […] when we are Nadyr to the Sunne, we have no ſhadow […]

2. (figuratively) The lowest point; time of greatest depression.

   Synonyms: lowest ebb, slough of despond, trough, bathos

   Antonyms: height, peak

   • 1837, Henry Hallam, Introduction to the Literature of Europe in the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Centuries:

     […] the seventh century is the nadir of the human mind in Europe […]

   • 1950, Elizabeth Janeway, in Helen Hull (editor), The Writer’s Book:

     In this nadir of poetic repute, when the only verse that most people read from one year’s end to the next is what appears on greetings cards, it is well for us to stop and consider our poets.

3. (astronomy) The axis of a projected conical shadow; the direction of the force of gravity at a location; down.

   Synonym: down

   The nadir of the sun is the axis of the shadow projected by the Earth.

4. (beekeeping, archaic) An empty box added beneath a full one in a beehive to give the colony more room to expand or store honey.

   Antonyms: duplet, super

Related terms

• azimuth, zenith - (both from السَّمْتُ‎ (as-samtu)).

Translations

point of the sky

• Arabic: نَظِير‎ (ar) m (naẓīr)
• Armenian: նադիր (hy) (nadir)
• Bulgarian: надир (bg) m (nadir)
• Catalan: nadir m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 天底 (zh) (tiāndǐ)

• Danish: nadir (da) n
• Dutch: nadir (nl) n
• Finnish: nadiiri (fi)
• French: nadir (fr) m
• German: Nadir (de) m
• Greek: ναδίρ (el) n (nadír)

• Hindi: नाजिर (hi) (nājir)
• Hungarian: nadír (hu), talppont
• Italian: nadir (it) m
• Japanese: 天底 (てんてい, tentei)
• Malay: nadir
• Persian: نظیرالسمت‎ (fa) (nazir-os-samt), سمت‌القدم‎ (samt-ol-qadam)
• Polish: nadir (pl) m
• Portuguese: nadir (pt) m
• Romanian: nadir (ro) n
• Russian: нади́р (ru) m (nadír)
• Spanish: nadir m
• Tagalog: idalum

figuratively the lowest point

• Arabic: نَظِير‎ (ar) m (naẓīr)
• Bulgarian: най-ниска точка (naj-niska točka)
• Finnish: aallonpohja (fi)
• French: fond (fr) m
• Greek: ναδίρ (el) n (nadír)
• Hindi: नाजिर (hi) (nājir)
• Hungarian: mélypont (hu)
• Japanese: どん底 (どんぞこ, donzoko)

• Persian: قعر‎ (fa) (qa'r)
• Portuguese: nadir (pt) m
• Russian: ни́зший у́ровень m (nízšij úrovenʹ)
• Swedish: lågvattenmärke (sv) (slightly informal)
• Turkish: ayak ucu (tr)

axis of projected conical shadow

• Arabic: نَظِير‎ (ar) m (naẓīr)

• Hindi: नाजिर (hi) (nājir)

Verb

nadir (third-person singular simple present nadirs, present participle nadiring, simple past and past participle nadired)

1. (transitive, beekeeping) To extend (a beehive) by adding an empty box at the base.

References

• 1860, Henry Taylor, The Beekeepers Manual, page 24.

Further reading

• Nadir (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• Darin, Drain, Drina, Indra, Nardi, Ndari, Radin, dinar, drain, ranid

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Azerbaijani

Other scripts
Cyrillic		надир
Roman		nadir
Perso-Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic نَادِر‎ (nādir).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nɑːˈdir]
• Hyphenation: na‧dir

• Audio

  (file)

Adjective

nadir (comparative daha nadir, superlative ən nadir)

1. rare

   nadir tapıntı ― a rare discovery

   nadir hallarda ― in rare cases, rarely

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French

Etymology

As for the English word.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /na.diʁ/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

nadir m (plural nadirs)

1. (astronomy) nadir

Antonyms

• zénith

Further reading

• “nadir” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• radin

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Italian

Etymology

From Medieval Latin nadir, from Arabic نَظِير السَّمْت‎ (naẓīr as-samt), composed of نَظِير‎ (naẓīr, “counterpart, corresponding to”) and السَّمْت‎ (as-samt, “the zenith”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /naˈdir/
• Rhymes: -ir
• Hyphenation: na‧dìr

Noun

nadir m

1. (astronomy) nadir

   Antonym: zenit

Anagrams

• Randi, nardi

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /naˈd͡ʒi(ʁ)/
• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /nɐˈðiɾ/

Noun

nadir m (plural nadires)

1. nadir (point of the celestial sphere directly under the place where the observer stands)
2. (figuratively) nadir (the lowest point)

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Romanian

Etymology

From French nadir

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /naˈdir/

Noun

nadir n (uncountable)

1. nadir

Declension

declension of nadir (singular only)

	singular
n gender	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) nadir	nadirul
genitive/dative	(unui) nadir	nadirului
vocative	nadirule

Further reading

• nadir in DEX online - Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)

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Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /naˈdiɾ/, [naˈð̞iɾ]

Noun

nadir m (plural nadires)

1. nadir (point of the celestial sphere directly under the place where the observer stands)

Further reading

• “nadir” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.

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Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic نَادِر‎ (nādir)

Adjective

nadir

1. rare

Synonyms

• ender