nyílik

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Hungarian

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *nᴕje-[1] (whence also nyit (to open)) + -lik (reflexive suffix). First attested after 1416. [2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈɲiːlik]
  • Hyphenation: nyí‧lik

Verb

nyílik

  1. (intransitive) to open
    • 1843, Sándor Petőfi, A virágnak megtiltani nem lehet…[3] (You cannot bid the flower), translation by Watson Kirkconnell[4]
      A virágnak megtiltani nem lehet, / Hogy ne nyíljék, ha jön a szép kikelet; / Kikelet a lyány, virág a szerelem, / Kikeletre virítani kénytelen.
      You cannot bid the flower not to bloom / When all the urgencies of springtide come, / Girlhood is spring, and love an opening flower; / A maid must bloom in springtime’s golden hour.
    Active-voice counterpart: nyit
    Antonyms: záródik, zárul
    Ez az ajtó befelé nyílik.This door opens towards the inside.

Conjugation

Usage notes

This verb is called a pseudo-ik verb, as its -ik ending presents itself only in the 3rd-person singular (indicative present) form, but it is not an -ik verb in any other aspect. As a result, it cannot take the -om/-em/-öm ending in the 1st-person singular (indicative present) form, even in the most erudite style, only -ok/-ek/-ök. Naturally, the optional -m ending cannot appear, either, in their subjunctive or conditional 1st-person singular forms, so only -jak/-jek and -nék is possible in these respective forms. These verbs include the following: bomlik, (el)bújik, (meg)érik, (le)folyik, (össze)gyűlik, hazudik, (le)hull(ik), (bele)/(oda)illik, (meg)jelenik, (el)kopik, (el)múlik, ömlik, (meg)születik, (meg)szűnik, (meg)telik, tojik, (el)törik, (el)/(fel)tűnik, (el)válik, and (el)züllik. (Ki)nyílik partially belongs here, as it cannot take the first-person -om ending but it can take the third-person -jék.

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

References

  1. ^ Helimski, Eugene. 1996. "Tágra nyíljék!" Ünnepi könyv Domokos Péter tiszteletére, ed. A. Bereczki, L. Klima. Budapest.
  2. ^ nyílik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)
  3. ^ Petőfi Sándor összes költeményei
  4. ^ The Hungarian Helicon. Epic and Other Poetry. Translations by Watson Kirkconnell. Széchenyi Society, Incorporated, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, 1985, p. 387.